竖管内溴化锂溶液降膜蒸发数值研究

研究以太阳集热板制取的高温空气为热源,直接驱动竖管内溴化锂溶液降膜蒸发的传热性能。提出适用于竖管内溴化锂溶液降膜蒸发传热传质耦合的数学模型,根据合理的数值解法,运用MATLAB软件编程,计算出降膜区域内温度场和浓度场,入口Re数越大,换热效果相对降低,而传质效果增强,并得到量纲为1的降膜换热准则式。通过与经验公式对比发现,溴化锂溶液中传质对传热有抑制作用,且其影响不可忽略。     

低肋横槽管单管外降膜吸收的传热传质模型及计算

文中提出了一种新的计算氏肋横槽管外单管降膜吸收时的数学模型;把肋片形状为等边三角形,肋片高度小于０．５ｍｍ的横槽管管外液膜看成是由内层和外层组成。通过理论分析,得出了内层液膜内的速度,温度和浓度分布的解析解,外层则用数值计算的方法求解,内层和外层之间采用二阶耦合法,使内,外,层之间能光滑过渡。     

降膜蒸发冷却复合传热传质研究

建立了描述叉流式降膜蒸发传热传质过程的数学模型,对气相微分中利用积分法求解,导出确定气液界面温湿度的数学表达式。计算与实验结果对比基本一致。对叉流式降膜蒸发冷却进行深入分析表明,该冷却手段可使处理空气的最低温度接近或达到空气的湿泡温度,得到叉流式蒸发冷却脱身人气流温湿度分布曲面及气液界面温度分布曲面,表明典型工况下,叉流直接蒸发冷却器可使处理空气温度１０℃左右。     

风冷垂直管降膜吸收器及其传热传质问题的研究

吸收器是吸收式制冷机的关键部分，传统的吸收器都是采用水冷却，该文提出了风冷吸收器的设计方案，建立了风冷吸收器降膜吸收过程中传热、传质耦合问题的物理数学模型。并在此基础上，对风冷垂直单管内溴化锂水溶液吸收过程的传热、传质问题进行了数值研究，得出了一些基本结论。这些结果对于垂直管降膜吸收过程的研究以及风冷吸收器的设计具有一定的指导意义。     

气液降膜流动传热传质研究的综述

气液降膜是工业中常见的传热传质过程,在很多领域中有着广泛的应用,在湿空气透平（HAT）循环的主要部件饱和器中,也有着重要的意义。本文回顾了降膜分别在气体剪切力下以及由界面相变引起的热非平衡状态下的流动稳定性及传热传质的发展现状和研究进展,总结了气液降膜流动已有的理论和实验结果,并展望了气液降膜流动技术的发展前景。     

表面活性介质强化溴化锂水溶液平板降膜吸收实验研究

在吸收式制冷技术,通常在溴化锂水溶液中加入表面活性介质以加强水所的吸收效果,活性介质的强化吸收主要是由吸收中的马拉歌尼效应引起的,通过在溴化锂溶液中添加一种典型的表面活性介质：2－乙基－乙醇[CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CH2OH],并选择两种不同长度的降膜平板（0.3m和0.6m),以实验手段研究在一定工况下,不同活性介质添加浓度,不同降膜流动雷诺数以及两种不同长度垂直降平板的传热传质特性,实验结果表明,随着降膜雷诺数Re的增大,降吸收的强化净利要减弱,当活性介质的添加浓度在5ppm-300ppm之间时,吸收强化达到了1．2倍－1．9倍,活性介质对吸收过程的强化效果在较短的降膜长度内尤为显著。     

竖直板上液膜吸收特性的数值分析

用混合法建立了液膜在竖直板上的气液两相流CDF模型,在分析国内外有关传热传质的文献基础上,简要介绍了竖直板上降膜吸收的理论,介绍了竖直板上液膜的研究结果并对后续研究进行了展望。     

叉流高效降膜蒸发器传热传质规律研究

建立了描述叉流式和膜蒸发过程的理论模型,预测结果与实验基本相符,在分析和探讨蒸发器传热传质规律过程中,发现根据入口水温的不同,蒸发器可分别用于蒸发冷却和海水淡化,从蒸发冷却和加热蒸发两个角度讨论了气流,水流及蒸发器结构参数对系统性能的影响,为蒸发器的优化设计奠定了基础。     

管式降膜再沸器内CO2吸收液传热传质性能研究

在烟气CO₂化学捕集系统中,需要高效的再沸器来提供解吸塔内再生的热量和传质动力降膜再沸器能够保证高换热系数、溶液短暂的停留时间和高气液分离度,实现高效换热和降低吸收剂热降解的风险。以不同浓度的单乙醇胺(MEA)溶液作为液相进行单管降膜传热实验,通过计算热通量、降膜换热系数和再生率来探究液相流量、加热功率和液相进口温度对降膜传热效果的影响。实验结果表明,降膜换热系数和再生率随着液相流量的增加先减小后增大;随着加热功率和液相进口温度的增加,降膜换热系数和再生率逐渐增大。同时,在考虑到二次蒸汽影响的条件下,根据实验数据分析得到关于胺溶液的降膜传热实验关联式。     

海水淡化中水平管降膜蒸发器传热传质的研究现状

水平管降膜蒸发器广泛应用于制冷、食品和海水淡化领域,其传热传质过程直接影响到整个蒸发器的性能,因而受到各国研究者的重视。介绍了水平管降膜蒸发器的传热传质过程及影响因素,通过对传热温差、蒸发温度、热通量、喷淋密度、管束布置方式等对液膜厚度、液膜流动状态、热阻、液体黏度、表面张力等的影响分析进而得出其对传热传质过程的影响。     

Numerical study on heat and mass transfer in falling film crystallization by an integrated model

In this paper, a numerical study of the falling film crystallization process for purifying material uses an integrated model to solve unsteady coupled heat and mass transfer problems with phase change. The model divides the melt continuously coming down from the top of the tube into numbers of flow bundles according to their entering time sequences (steps). The heat and mass transfer equations in the coordinate system are integrated from the top of the tube to the bottom for each fluid bundle, so that the transient crystallizing amount and crystal concentration can be calculated along the tube, using conventional formulas for fully developed heat and mass transfer of falling film liquid between the liquid and tube wall. The concentrations on both liquid-solid sides of the interface are kept in equilibrium according to their temperature-concentration phase diagram so that the solving procedure must be iterated at each time step. The calculated results of some important parameters, such as crystallization rate and naphthalene concentration, coincide qualitatively with our experiments. Finally, several factors that influence the process are studied as a good reference for designing and operating the separator. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 28(4): 307–321, 1999     

Heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water in falling film evaporator

To investigate the performance of heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water during the process of falling film evaporation in vertical tube evaporator, a mathematical model of evaporation process was presented, the solution of which that needed a coordinate transformation was based on stream function. The computational results from the mathematical model were validated with experimental data. Subsequently, a series of parameters, such as velocity, film thickness and concentration, etc., were obtained from the mathematical model. Calculated results show that the average velocity and the film thickness change dramatically at the entrance region when x<100 mm, while they vary slightly with the tube length in the fully developed region when x>100 mm. The average concentration of the solution reduces along the tube length because of evaporation, but the reducing tendency becomes slow. It can be concluded that there is an optimalβrelationship between the tube length and the electricity generated. The reason for the bigger concentration gradient in the y direction is that the smooth tube is chosen in the calculation. It is suggested that the roll-worked enhanced tube or other enhanced tube can reduce the concentration gradient in the film thickness direction and enhance the heat and mass transfer rate.     

Numerical results of falling film absorption with water/ammonia

A model was set up for the heat, mass and momentum transport in a falling film absorber with a binary gas phase. Results are given for water/ammonia and countercurrent gas flow. If the ratio of diffusion to convection is not negligible (here for a gas channel smaller than 5 mm) absorption is higher with countercurrent gas flow than with cocurrent flow. For larger gas channels the outcomes from a simpler one-component gas phase model are, if the interface boundary conditions are formulated correctly, almost equal to the outcomes from the present model.     

水平管外降膜蒸发传热特性的数值模拟

为深入研究液膜内的微观传热机理,对水平管外降膜蒸发的传热特性进行了数值模拟,获得了液膜厚度、液膜流动速度和传热系数等热力参数在液膜内的分布特性。通过与实验数据的对比验证了数学模型的准确性。研究结果表明:在饱和蒸发温度62℃、传热温差2.8℃、管外径25.4mm和液膜入口速度0.071~0.15 m/s条件下,沿圆周方向,液膜厚度减小,传热系数增加,直至达到液膜热力发展区,膜厚和传热系数趋于稳定;受液膜内温度变化的影响,液膜内的粘度、表面张力和导热系数的变化对液膜传热特性产生显著影响。     

逆流开式发生器内部的热、质传递规律

针对以太阳能加热的空气为携热介质，以LiBr溶液为工作介质的填料塔型开式发生器，建立热质传递数学模型。对2种系统结构形式进行比较，并分别研究太阳能集热板温度、液气比、环境相对湿度以及填料层高度对溶液再生的影响，以揭示此类发生器内热、质传递的规律，为产品开发、设计提供理论帮助。     

海水淡化系统水平管降膜蒸发器传热系数研究

针对海水淡化系统水平管降膜蒸发器,总结和分析管内冷凝侧与管外蒸发侧的换热系数关联式,比较管内径、入口蒸汽流速、蒸汽冷凝温度、出口蒸汽干度对管内蒸汽冷凝侧换热系数的影响;研究传热温差以及喷淋密度对管外蒸发侧换热系数的影响。结合不同的污垢系数,进行了总传热系数的影响因素分析,为海水淡化系统的工程设计提供依据。     

Evaporation heat transfer of falling water film on a horizontal tube bundle

A numerical simulation and experimental study were carried out for evaporation heat transfer of a falling water film on a smooth horizontal tube bundle evaporator. A laminar model and a turbulence model were respectively adopted to calculate the heat transfer coefficients of falling water film on horizontal heated tubes. The calculation zone on the heated tube was divided into the top stagnation zone and the lateral free film zone. The initial boundary conditions for the free film zone were determined from the calculated results of the stagnation zone. The modified wall function method was used for the turbulent flow. Comparisons between the experimental data and the numerical solutions by use of two flow models show that the experimental data lie between the laminar model solutions and the latter turbulence model solutions and that they are closer to the latter solutions. Finally, a simple dimensionless correction based on the numerical simulations is proposed for predicting the evaporation heat transfer of falling water film for actual engineering applications. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 31(1): 42–55, 2002     

在第二类吸收式热泵中对螺旋槽管的换热性能研究

为了提高在以溴化锂为工质的第二类吸收式热泵吸收器的性能,在第二类吸收式热泵吸收器内对不锈钢螺旋槽管,即不锈钢光滑管的传热传质性能进行了实验研究.发现螺旋槽管的传热传质性能约为光滑管3倍,螺旋槽管内热媒工质-水的流体阻力系数是光滑管的17～20倍;应用于第二类吸收式热泵中间大大降低换热面积,促进热泵的高效紧凑化.     

水平螺旋槽管降膜流动和传热特性研究

对水平螺旋槽管壁面降膜形成及传热特性进行了理论和实验研究,得到了液膜厚度及速度的解析及数值解.结果表明,降膜液膜特性主要受槽道结构和液膜表面张力控制.管壁温度沿周向向下逐渐升高,而且在定热流密度下保持不变,而液膜温度则沿周向逐渐上升.相比光管,螺旋槽管降膜具有更高的传热系数.     

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement by Liquid Film on the Walls

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