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《Journal of Building Performance Simulation》2013,6(1):33-52
Designers of light-frame wood wall assemblies should consider several performance criteria simultaneously in addition to minimum requirements set by building codes. Evaluation of various performance characteristics can help select the most suitable configuration for a given project in a given context. In a previous article, we identified appropriate criteria and explored their means of evaluation. Following up, this article integrates the context and the preference of the decision-maker and seeks to obtain a ranking of the various alternatives using quantitative and qualitative information. Four multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) techniques are explored: weighted sum, MACBETH, ELECTRE II, and PROMETHEE. The approach is applied to a case study where five wall assemblies are compared within six different decision contexts. It shows how the choice of the appropriate aggregation method depends on the nature of the performance evaluation scales and demonstrates the usefulness of MCDA to consider simultaneously different aspects of wall performance. 相似文献
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结合一些大型金属切削机床的基础设计经验,对大型金属切削机床基础从设计和施工两方面进行了详细论述,以达到节省建设资金和增长基础使用年限的目的。 相似文献
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Probabilistic loss assessment of light-frame wood construction subjected to combined seismic and snow loads 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In some areas, e.g., mountainous areas in the western United States, both seismic and snow loads are significant. Limited research has been conducted to investigate the seismic risk of light-frame wood construction in those areas considering the combined loads, particularly the snow accumulation. An object-oriented framework of the risk assessment for light-frame wood construction subjected to combined seismic and snow hazards is proposed in this paper. A typical one-story light-frame wood residential building is selected to demonstrate the proposed framework. Economic losses of the building due to the combined hazards are evaluated using the proposed framework. It is found that in areas with significant snow accumulation, the snow load has significant effects on the seismic risk assessment for light-frame wood construction. 相似文献
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北美"轻型木结构"住宅建筑的特点 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
“轻型木结构”是北美住宅建筑的主要结构形式。本文介绍了这种结构形式在经济性能、施工安装等方面的优点,阐述了其屋面、墙体及楼面等结构体系的特点和构造方法,介绍了结构传力体系、主要采用的设计方法、防腐防火处理等,以期对中国“轻型木结构”住宅的建设起到一定的积极作用。 相似文献
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轻型木结构中钉节点试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了轻型木框架剪力墙结构中面板与木框架钉节点的试验研究,按照ASTM-F1575-03标准对两种不同型号的中国钉子各做了10个试件的抗弯试验;并按照ASTM-F1676-03标准进行了两组各10个试件的单向拉伸荷载试验,一组荷载垂直于木材纹路方向,另一组荷载平行于木材纹路方向。通过试验发现,不同的钉子规格对钉节点性能的影响不是很大。在国外常用的指数型钉节点模型的基础上,建立了一种适用于中国钉子两个方向钉节点的修正模型,该模型为利用有限元软件分析轻型木框架剪力墙结构提供了面板与木框架钉节点连接性能的基础资料。 相似文献
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进行了轻型木结构中木框架剪力墙中面板钉节点的试验研究,先按照美国ASTM-F1575-03的标准对所采用的国产热镀麻花钉做了10个试件的抗弯试验;并按照美国的标准ASTM-F1676-03进行了两类各4组(每组各10个)试件的单向拉伸荷载试验。一类为荷载垂直于木材纹路方向,另一类为荷载平行于木材纹路方向。通过试验发现,面板对钉节点的极限承载力影响最大,而完全采用国产材料制作的面板钉节点具有较高的极限承载力。该试验为国产材料应用于轻型木结构提供了面板与木框架钉节点连接性能的基础资料。 相似文献
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介绍了木胶合模板的适用范围和特点,分别阐述了木胶合模板的工艺原理、制作流程、安装流程、材料机具,并提出了施工要求和质量保证措施及验收标准以及安全文明施工要求,最后对其经济效益进行了分析,指出木胶合模板值得进一步推广。 相似文献
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借助美学的审美方法,确立了我们欣赏木材作为建筑材料之美的方法,借助人类历史,侧面体现木材运用的发展,从多角度欣赏与论证木制材料之美,方法与依据两者结合,正可构成木材作为建筑材料是美的观点。 相似文献
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Robert Malanga 《Fire Technology》1995,31(1):44-61
Lightweight wood trusses are economical construction elements that combine high strength, light weight, and cost savings. The parallel-chord truss is one of the most common lightweight trusses used in commercial and residential occupancies today. Like all structural components, these trusses are arguably susceptible to failure when exposed to fire. This paper will address fire resistance concerns of parallel-chord, lightweight wood truss floor- and roof-ceiling assemblies, particularly their performance under fire conditions and their susceptibility to construction defects. Because evaluating the effect of fire exposure on both conventional and lightweight wood truss assemblies is so important, considerable supplemental background information on the standard fire test, as it applies to general types of construction, is also provided. 相似文献
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酉水,处于武陵山脉腹地,在历史上曾是巴楚、土苗等族群迁徙与军事争夺的孔道。这一地区的穿斗式木构架形式虽源自长江中游的木构架体系,而相对封闭的地理环境与社会文化造成这一地区木构架形式的地域特色。本文针对酉水流域穿斗式构架体系的源流、衍化现象进行研究。首先,陈述明清以来这一地区构架形式与尺度特征、区域差异;其次,理清木构架设计技术核心;在此基础上,梳理出酉水地区木构架体系脉络发展的地理中心以及文化源流。 相似文献
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大木怕安--传统大木作上架技艺 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大木作上架工序不仅是最生动、直观,也是最具震撼力的传统建筑文化演示。通过福建地区民间寺庙上架过程的实例,揭示了传统木构建筑的营造技艺与其构架体系和型式做法之间密切相关的重要特质。 相似文献
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为研究轻型竹墙的热工性能,促进推广此类新型轻质墙材在节能建筑中的应用,设计并制作了2片轻型竹墙、1片轻型木墙以及1片轻型竹木复合墙,并进行了墙体的防护热箱试验,实测获取了墙体的热阻和传热系数。结合已有文献中轻钢龙骨墙体的热工性能的试验研究结果,对轻型竹墙、轻型木墙以及竹木复合墙体等的热工性能进行了比较研究。根据ISO 6946:2007的平均传热系数计算方法对轻型竹墙、轻型木墙以及轻型竹木复合墙体的稳态传热性能进行了计算和有限元分析,验证了有限元分析的可行性。基于有限元模型分别以材料的导热系数、龙骨间距、龙骨厚度及墙内钉间距为参数对3种轻型竹木墙体的热工性能进行了模拟分析。结果表明:轻钢龙骨墙体的传热系数最大,轻型竹墙与木墙的传热系数相近,说明以竹代木的设计理念是可行的;龙骨材料的导热系数垂直积层方向变化对墙体的热工性能影响较大;增加龙骨间距可适当减小墙体的传热系数,而增大龙骨厚度则可大幅减小墙体的传热系数;墙体热工性能受墙内钉间距影响较小,钉间距超过150mm时可忽略其影响。 相似文献
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在吸取传统木结构优良的抗震结构设计的基础上,利用现代建材,从建筑结构设计,户型设计,墙体设计三个方面,对传统木结构农房进行了现代化改良,为我国农村木结构住宅设计提供了技术指导,以期使我国西南地震带新农村建设走向节能环保的科学发展道路。 相似文献
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Marvin E. Criswell 《Structural Safety》1990,7(2-4):281-290
Wood frame subassemblies, such as joist floors, stud walls, roof diaphragms and shear walls, include many components incompletely connected by fasteners and/or elastomeric glues. Their performance differs greatly from that of a single member. Although conceptual simple and easy to construct, these subassemblies are difficult to analyze even when component variabilities ar not considered. The current state of analysis techniques for these partially composite subassemblies and the limited ways their systems behaviors are included in design are reviewed. Component variabilities and other conditions of realistic wood frame subassemblies are noted, followed by some simulation results, observations on system strength, and research needs. 相似文献
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对新型模板的优良性能进行了分析,从PVC新型木塑微发泡建筑模板的特点及用途进行了论证,提出了剪力墙体模板施工的方法,并对模板的加工制作工艺作了研究,解决了墙体模板周转次数少的问题。 相似文献