T5荧光灯推广中的问题及解决办法

介绍T5灯管的特点，T5荧光灯推广中的问题，解决办法及建议。     

T91钢运行过程中力学性能和微观组织的变化

对运行7．5万h的锅炉高温过热器T91钢管的力学性能和微观组织变化进行了试验研究。结果表明：与原始管相比，运行管的屈服强度明显下降；光学显微镜下原始管与运行管的微观金相组织无明显差异，但在透射电镜观察下，明显可见微观组织中亚晶粒粗化，位错密度降低，M23C6碳化物粗化和Laves相析出并粗化。图5表3参8     

T91管材的焊接

对T91管材的化学成分、机械性能及焊接性能进行了介绍 ;汇总了部分原材料、焊材的标准化学成分数据 ;分析了T91管材的焊接性、焊接方法 ,并对电厂改造安装使用的焊接方法进行了统计分析 ,最后对T91管材的焊接提出了建议     

T91管与不锈钢附件焊接的焊材选择

在试验基础上探讨T91管与不锈钢附件焊接焊材的选择。     

Performance of a multifunctional PV/T hybrid solar window

A building-integrated multifunctional PV/T solar window has been developed and evaluated. It is constructed of PV cells laminated on solar absorbers placed in a window behind the glazing. To reduce the cost of the solar electricity, tiltable reflectors have been introduced in the construction to focus radiation onto the solar cells. The reflectors render the possibility of controlling the amount of radiation transmitted into the building. The insulated reflectors also reduce the thermal losses through the window. A model for simulation of the electric and hot water production was developed. The model can perform yearly energy simulations where different features such as shading of the cells or effects of the glazing can be included or excluded. The simulation can be run with the reflectors in an active, up right, position or in a passive, horizontal, position. The simulation program was calibrated against measurements on a prototype solar window placed in Lund in the south of Sweden and against a solar window built into a single family house, Solgården, in Älvkarleö in the central part of Sweden. The results from the simulation shows that the solar window annually produces about 35% more electric energy per unit cell area compared to a vertical flat PV module.     

T23钢高温持久微观组织演变研究

通过分析T23钢常规组织状态及其在550℃、600℃、650℃高温持久试样的微观组织,研究了T23钢高温蠕变过程中的组织演变及对性能的影响.结果表明,蠕变断裂过程中,MX稳定性较好,但M7C3数量逐渐减少,M23C6聚集、长大,并且有少量M23C6转变为M6C;贝氏体铁素体基体和奥氏体小岛中的马氏体不断回复、再结晶,位错密度下降.认为温度越高,组织演变进程越快,性能退化越明显.     

T91管屏埋弧焊裂纹分析及焊接试验

介绍了T91钢用于炉膛膜式管屏的埋弧焊焊接过程中出现的典型裂纹,综合各种因素对裂纹的形成原理进行了分析.通过试验证实对于拘束应力大的T91管屏,埋弧焊拼排可通过多层焊获得合格的T91管屏.按此工艺生产多台CFB锅炉T91管屏,投运锅炉运行情况良好.     

T/P91焊接质量控制

T/P91钢焊接质量控制至关重要,从影响焊接质量的5个因素着手,结合多年来的焊接实践经验,分别阐述了人员、设备、材料、工艺、环境等方面的控制要点,指出了容易产生缺陷的关键点,并对不同焊接方法的质量控制过程进行了详述,分析了焊接工艺对接头性能的影响,最后对预防和消除不合格焊缝提出了控制措施.     

T92/HR3C异种钢焊接接头蠕变断裂研究

针对采用手工氩弧焊GTAW打底,手工电弧焊SMAW焊接的T92/HR3C异种钢接头,在USC条件下对接头进行蠕变断裂加速试验,并分析蠕变断口微观形貌,研究结果表明:不同载荷条件下的蠕变断裂的位置不同;T92/HR3C异种钢焊接接头蠕变断裂属于韧窝聚集型韧性断裂;T92/HR3C异种钢焊接接头在大容量超超临界机组(USC)条件下服役是完全安全可靠的。     

浅析低温甲醇洗工艺

介绍了鲁奇工艺低温甲醇洗气体净化的原理、工艺过程,分析了影响吸收的几个控制因素(温度、压力、浓度),以及生产中的正常控制指标,调节方法。     

大力神130型焦炉煤气燃气轮机T5热电偶故障原因分析

大力神130型焦炉煤气燃气轮机点火升速期间出现AL_T5_TC_Fail（T5热电偶故障）报警、CL_5_TC_Fail（多个E热电偶故障）并且导致停机。对各个相关系统进行检查分析,提出解决办法。最终发现该故障原因为部分喷嘴堵塞,故障检查可为同类机组提供参考。     

SA-213T91管子膜式壁管屏制造工艺研究

本文介绍了循环流化床中SA-213T91管子膜式壁管屏制造的工艺技术以及在制造过程中需要注意的问题。     

T形墩消力池水力特性研究

对Ｔ形墩消力池的水力特性及体型进行了试验研究，并结合工程实例及前人的试验，给出了Ｔ形墩消力池水力特性的经验公式，可作为工程设计参考和应用。     

T91钢管对接焊缝弧坑裂纹的研究

30 0、60 0MW锅炉中大量使用T91钢管 ,而电厂反映T91钢管的TIG MIG焊口存在弧坑裂纹。本文对弧坑裂纹产生原因进行分析 ,并提出解决措施     

真空玻璃与单层玻璃盖板PV/T集热器性能的对比研究

提出一种真空玻璃盖板平板式PV/T集热器,建立了真空玻璃和单层玻璃盖板PV/T集热器的传热模型,并分别搭建了两种PV/T热水系统的实验平台进行模型的实验验证。预测结果与实验测量结果的均方根偏差（RMSD）在0.71% ~ 11.17%之间。利用数学模型模拟了真空玻璃与单层玻璃盖板PV/T集热器在合肥冬季的热、电性能,并比较了两者性能的差异。模拟结果表明真空玻璃盖板PV/T集热器的顶部热损失平均为22 W,而单层玻璃盖板PV/T集热器热损失平均为107 W。使用真空玻璃盖板能显著减少PV/T集热器的顶部热损失。真空玻璃盖板PV/T集热器相对单层玻璃盖板PV/T集热器的全天热效率提高了5.68%,二者分别为41.76%和36.08%,全天电效率分别为11.76%和12.79%,相差1.03%。     

Air-cooled PV/T solar collectors with low cost performance improvements

Excess temperatures on installed photovoltaic (PV) modules lead to efficiency loss and PV cooling protects them from this undesirable efficiency drop. Both water and air have been used for PV cooling through a thermal unit attached to the back of the module yielding photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector, but air is preferred due to minimal use of material and low operating cost despite its poor thermo-physical properties. This study investigates the performance of two low cost heat extraction improvement modifications in the channel of a PV/T air system to achieve higher thermal output and PV cooling so as to keep the electrical efficiency at acceptable level. The use of thin flat metal sheet suspended at the middle or finned back wall of an air channel in the PV/T air configuration are the suggested methods. A theoretical model is developed and validated against experimental data, where good agreement between the predicted results and measured data were achieved. The validated model was then used to study the effect of the channel depth, channel length and mass flow rate on electrical and thermal efficiency, PV cooling and pressure drop for both improved and typical PV/T air systems and their results were compared. Both experimental and theoretical results show that the suggested modifications improve the performance of the PV/T air system.     

PV/T电、热联产系统在理想条件下的性能简化分析

对PV／T电、热联产系统的输出性能作了简化分析,对不带玻璃盖板和带玻璃盖板的PV／T系统在一般风速(2m／s)和较大风速(5m／s)两种情况下的输出性能进行了比较。分析表明,虽然不带玻璃盖板的PV／T系统的光伏转换效率要比带玻璃盖板系统的高出10％左右,但对风速为5m／s的情况,其热能输出已微乎其微。分析结果还表明,在两种风速条件下,带玻璃盖板的PV／T系统的可用能(Exergy)转换效率ηΣ,2nd均高于不带玻璃盖板的PV／T系统。     

新型耐热钢T91的蠕变断裂寿命估算

T91 /P91钢是国外为提高火力发电机组的效率而研制的一种高合金耐热钢 ,它是完成超临界发电机组主蒸汽参数由 5 66℃向 5 93℃过渡的关键材料。采用受约束蠕变孔洞生长模型计算了不同试验条件下T91钢的蠕变断裂时间 ,计算值与实测值相差不到 2倍。在对模型修正后 ,计算得到的断裂时间与实际值更为接近 ,该模型可以用来估算T91钢高温服役条件下的蠕变断裂寿命     

T91钢高温运行下碳化物粗化行为的研究

通过对实际电厂运行的T91钢进行金相观察、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析,从微观组织变化查看T91钢长期高温环境下的老化状况,同时对供货态的T91钢进行研究作为对比.在定量金相法的数据基础上,得到了T91钢扩散速度控制的长大动力学方程.结果表明:T91钢经过长时间服役后,碳化物颗粒在晶界处发生聚集,同时颗粒逐渐粗大,使得晶内碳化物数量减少,强化效果降低.