水稻应用腐植酸包裹型长效尿素效果研究

水稻盆栽试验以UHA与其他处理（主要为普通尿素）作对照。结果表明：UHA具有长效、缓效的特点,其养分供应强度与作物生物发育间的吻合程度比尿素好;在等氮量条件下,施用UHA的水稻产量比施用普通尿素的增产17.5%;同时,氮素利用率高达38.7%,比普通尿素提高11.1个百分点。     

腐植酸—脲络合物的工艺开发

腐植酸——脲络合物(UHA)是风化煤腐植酸与尿素经络合反应制成的一种新型生物活性制剂,在抑制尿素分解、提高氮素利用率、调节生理功能、促进动植物生长发育等方面有明显的效果。本文对UHA的国内外发展状况和我所开发情况作一综合述评。 一、UHA的发展状况 尿素是农业市场需求量最大、使用范围最广、氮含量最高的氮素化肥之一。与其它氮肥相比,尿素是最稳定的,但施入土壤后,由     

控释尿素与化肥配施对水稻产量及氮素利用率的影响

通过两地试验研究控释尿素与化肥配施对水稻产量及氮素利用率的影响。结果表明,控释尿素与普通尿素配施处理的产量和氮肥利用率均以控释尿素80%+普通尿素20%处理最好,两点的产量分别为9 989.8、9 995.6 kg/hm~2,较同等氮素用量的普通尿素100%处理分别增产16.2%和16.1%;控释尿素配施普通尿素处理均能提高氮肥利用率,比控释尿素处理提高6.7~1.8个百分点,比普通尿素处理提高12.3~4.1个百分点。     

长效腐植酸尿素(UHA)及其有机复合肥料(LEC)

一、概述 长效腐植酸尿素(UHA)是由低廉的低级别煤腐植酸与尿素经络合反应制成的一种新型长效氮肥。该产品不仅发挥了腐植酸(HA)本身的化学活性和生理活性优势,而且反应形成了部分稳定的有机络合物,从而有效地延缓了尿素分解速度,提高了肥效和氮利用率,并在抗旱抗寒、改良土壤、减少污染、调节作物新陈代谢和酶活性以及改善作物品质等     

造纸黑液木质素对尿素氮在土壤中转化与生物利用的影响

利用造纸黑液木质素对尿素进行包膜处理，制成三种不同包膜厚度的缓释尿素(LCU)，通过土壤淋溶试验和盆栽试验研究了木质素包膜尿素氮素释放规律和生物利用效果。结果表明：木质素包膜尿素具有不同程度的缓释性能，木质素包膜尿素中氮素累积溶出速率比普通尿素低12％，尿素氮素利用率平均提高了3．59％。木质素对尿素氮转化影响除了物理控释作用外，其降解产物还具有一定的硝化抑制作用，能减少氮素的淋失和对环境的污染。     

控释尿素在夏玉米上的施用效果及氮素利用率研究

通过田间试验方法,对比评价控释尿素在夏玉米上的施用效果和方法。根据施用控释尿素对玉米籽粒产量、氮素吸收和利用率的影响,探讨控释尿素在夏玉米上的施用效果。试验结果表明：与普通尿素相比,施用控释尿素后,玉米产量及氮素利用率均明显提高。     

钙镁磷肥复式包膜尿素对冬小麦产量和氮肥效率的影响

通过连续 3年 ( 1999～ 2 0 0 0年 )大田试验 ,研究了钙镁磷肥复式包膜尿素对冬小麦产量、氮效率〔包括 :氮素效率比 ( NER) ,氮吸收效率 ( NUp E) ,氮素使用效率 ( NUE)和氮肥利用效率 ( Nf UE)〕的影响。结果表明 ,钙镁磷肥复式包膜尿素与普通尿素的生物量、籽粒和秸秆量均显著大于对照处理 ;氮素使用效率 ( NUE)和氮肥利用率均显著高于对照。包膜尿素处理的产量和氮效率最高 ,其籽粒、秸秆、生物量平均值比普通尿素处理分别高 9.0 9%～15 .0 6 %、13.11%～ 14 .96 %、11.73%～ 14 .99% ,氮肥利用率高 15～ 16个百分点。在本试验条件下 ,相对于通常氮肥施用量 ( 15 0 kg N/hm2 ) ,少量增加氮肥施用量 (氮肥用量增加 8% )对产量和氮效率 ( NE)没有显著影响 ;而大量增加氮肥施用量 (增加 2 0 % ) ,能明显增加小麦产量、吸氮量和氮肥利用率     

腐植酸化肥增效作用的最新例证--略谈两种新型HA肥料的试验研究与质量指标

经过5年5地对8种作物进行的田间试验，结果表明包裹型腐植酸长效尿素(UHA)和缓释腐植酸有机复合肥(SRCF)两个腐植酸类肥料新产品均对化肥有增效作用。     

砂姜黑土区控释尿素与普通尿素掺混对小麦-玉米轮作定位产量及氮肥利用率的影响

在驻马店新坡村进行了小麦-玉米轮作制下的控释尿素与普通尿素掺混比例定位试验研究。结果表明:控释尿素与普通尿素掺混处理的小麦、玉米产量均以70%控释尿素+30%普通尿素处理最好,第1年和第2年的小麦产量分别比100%普通尿素处理增产17.0%和21.1%,玉米产量分别比普通尿素处理增产16.2%和16.2%;氮肥利用率与产量结果一致,均以70%控释尿素+30%普通尿素处理最高,分别为53.9%和54.5%。     

腐植酸包裹型长效尿素在水稻上应用效果研究

通过四年研究证明腐植包裹型长效尿素在水稻上具有明显的增产效果,氮素利用率提高显著,同时研究了腐植酸尿素对水稻经济性状的影响以及不同配比的腐植酸尿素的效应。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.