成组技术与现代制造技术

在回顾成组技术发展历程的基础上，着重讨论了现代制造技术的作用及地位，对于新形势２下如何正确认识应用成组技术，从系统论的观战出发，提出了建议。在现代制造技术中，成组技术的应用应有别于传统的制造系统中的应用，它不应是一门独立的应用技术，而应作为一种现代制造哲理与其它系统生产技术综合使用。     

成组技术与仿生设计和制造

仿生设计和制造将是一种通过学习生物系统而得到的先进的设计和制造系统模式。本文对成组技术与仿生设计和制造的关系进行了探讨,说明成组技术是仿生设计和制造的基础技术之一,仿生设计和制造中的一些思想和方法将对成组技术的发展起重要作用。     

分散化和集中化大趋势与成组技术

本文首先分析了现代制造系统的两个重要的发展方向，即企业的分散化和集中化，对分散化的集成制造系统的组织与控制方式进行了讨论，并对分散化和集中化大趋势中的成组技术进行了简要分析。     

GT应在现代制造系统中焕发青春

就成组技术 (GT)与现代制造系统中的相关技术如 :制造系统信息化、模块化产品设计和创新、单元化制造系统与可重构制造系统、并行工程、精益生产、大规模定制生产等方面的关系和作用进行了分析和讨论     

应用成组技术实现制造敏捷化、分散化、网络化

本文分析了敏捷化、分散化、网络化制造与应用成组技术之间的关系，提出了应用成组技术实现敏捷化、分散化、网络化制造的方法，探讨了我国制造企业基于成组技术的敏捷生产组织构建方法以及敏捷制造单元的成组与重构技术，为我国中小企业特别是离散型制造企业实现敏捷化、分散化、网络化制造作了有益探索。     

探索制造业实施“成组——相似工程”的神似之路

世界工业发达国家由于实施成组技术，使企业发生“质”的飞跃，摆脱了劳动力密集的落后状态；当前，他们正以先进制造技术理论为指导，研究开发可能震撼全球的新一代的设计和制造技术。成组技术创建的现代生产模式是传统的两种生产模式的优点的融合，我国在成组技术研究方面成绩卓著，而实际应用参差不齐。我国对科学思维即相似论的研究领先世界。成组技术与相似理论相结合，可望取得制造业实现现代化的创新。建议提高制造业务级人员     

《成组技术与生产现代化》欢迎投稿

《成组技术与生产现代化》是由机械工业第六设计研究院、中国机械工程学会成组技术分会及中原工学院联合主办的科技期刊。中国工程院院士郭重庆先生担任本刊主编,季刊,国内外公开发行。国内统一刊号:CN 41-1226/TB;国际标准刊号:ISSN 1006-3269。本刊主要以专题研究论文及技术报告等形式发表最新研究成果。具体内容涉及成组技术(相似工程)、先进制造技术及现代生产管理的研究与应用,包括现代设计技术、先进制造工艺技术、现代生产与管理技术、信息化技术、网络化制造、虚拟制造、生产模式研究、相似制造理论与方法、计算机应用、企业技术     

成组技术与我国机械制造工业的重组（续）

分析了国内外机械制造工业的现状，指出了当前存在的主要问题，并结合我国实际，提出了以成组技术原理重组我国机械制造工业的设想。文中扼要介绍了成组技术的基本概念及其在机械制造中的应用，以及它与现代先进制造技术和先进制造模式的紧密关系。     

《成组技术与生产现代化》欢迎投稿

正《成组技术与生产现代化》是由机械工业第六设计研究院有限公司、中国机械工程学会成组技术分会及中原工学院联合主办的科技期刊。中国工程院院士郭重庆先生担任本刊主编,季刊,国内外公开发行。国内统一刊号:CN 41-1226/TB;国际标准刊号:ISSN 1006-3269。本刊主要以专题研究论文及技术报告等形式发表最新研究成果。具体内容涉及成组技术(相似工程)、先进制造技术及现代生产管理的研究与应用,包括现代设计技术、先进制造工艺技术、现代生产与管理技术、信息化技术、网络化制造、虚拟制造、生产模式研究、相似制造理论与方法、计算机应用、企业技术     

成组技术与我国机械制造工业的重组

分析了国内外机械制造工业的现状，指出了当前存在的主要问题，并结合我国实际，提出了以成组技术原理重组我国机械制造工业的设想。文中扼要介绍了成组技术的基本概念及其在机械制造中的应用，以及它与现代先进制造技术和先进制造模式的紧密关系。     

用系统的观点应用和发展先进制造技术

对先进制造技术的系统性特点进行了分析 ,认为随着先进制造技术开始发展成为多学科交叉融合一体化的新一代制造科学 ,在应用与发展先进制造技术不能孤立看待某一先进制造技术 ,不应以追求技术的高新为目的 ,必须用全面、整体和系统的观点及手段对其进行处理 ,协调系统内部的各个要素 ,追求总体优化 ,必须重视技术、组织、管理及人的综合 .先进制造技术必须以人为中心 ,其运作需要先进的制造模式相匹配     

Toward New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

Intelligent manufacturing is a general concept that is under continuous development. It can be categorized into three basic paradigms: digital manufacturing, digital-networked manufacturing, and new-generation intelligent manufacturing. New-generation intelligent manufacturing represents an in-depth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence (AI) technology and advanced manufacturing technology. It runs through every link in the full life-cycle of design, production, product, and service. The concept also relates to the optimization and integration of corresponding systems; the continuous improvement of enterprises’ product quality, performance, and service levels; and reduction in resources consumption. New-generation intelligent manufacturing acts as the core driving force of the new industrial revolution and will continue to be the main pathway for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry in the decades to come. Human-cyber-physical systems (HCPSs) reveal the technological mechanisms of new-generation intelligent manufacturing and can effectively guide related theoretical research and engineering practice. Given the sequential development, cross interaction, and iterative upgrading characteristics of the three basic paradigms of intelligent manufacturing, a technology roadmap for “parallel promotion and integrated development” should be developed in order to drive forward the intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry in China.     

制造业ERP系统绩效评价的分阶段模式研究

目前已有的信息化指标体系难以同时兼顾处于不同信息化层次企业的信息化绩效评价的需要,针对此问题提出了制造业企业ERP系统实施中绩效评价的分阶段模式.基于分阶段思想,考虑到制造业ERP系统的实施应该遵循MRP/MPPⅡ/ERP/ERPⅡ等阶段,这几个阶段中企业信息化的深度和广度是不断加强的,因此相应地设计了各阶段的绩效评价指标体系,从而使之不断完备;并对该评价模式的功能特点进行了分析.     

Assessing the effects of manufacturing infrastructure preparation prior to enterprise information-systems implementation

Reports on the success or failure of enterprise information system (EIS) implementation have been decidedly mixed. In this study, we focus on manufacturing infrastructure preparation prior to EIS implementation and report the results of a survey of 152 US manufacturing companies that have implemented EIS. We have provided four major findings in this study: (1) the requirements from customers and trading partners are more powerful drivers motivating US manufacturing firms to implementing enterprise systems than internal business planning needs; (2) one manufacturing infrastructural issue often has implications for other infrastructural items in implementing technology, so various manufacturing infrastructural issues should be prepared simultaneously; (3) manufacturing infrastructure preparation prior to EIS implementation has significant positive effects on customer-focused performance, production/operations performance, and financial performance; and (4) better customer-focused performance contributes to better financial performance.     

Object-oriented modelling of manufacturing information system for collaborative design

Object-oriented technology has been widely acclaimed as offering a revolution in computing that is resolving a myriad of problems inherent in developing and managing organisational information processing capabilities. Although its foundations arose in computer programming languages, object-oriented technology has implications for a wide range of business computing activities including: programming, analysis and design, information management, and information sharing. The problematic issues in the development of manufacturing software systems are related to the various characteristics of manufacturing systems, which are wide, dynamic and complex. Design for manufacturing (DFM) is the integrated practice of designing components while considering their manufacturability, and its benefits are widely acknowledged in the industry. A model has been developed using object oriented technology, after analysing the fundamental elements necessary for modelling manufacturing and process planning framework used in collaborative design and manufacturing in machine tool manufacturing. The main components of this model are: process planning model (PPM), manufacturing activity model (MAM), manufacturing resource model (MRM) and manufacturing cost and time model. We are using ontologies in conjunction with specific conceptual models, which can contribute to improve the interoperability between these models. The performance of this model is shown by means of one real world case. The developed manufacturing information based design tool integrated with an intelligence design system can be used for collaborative design and manufacturing, which will support machine tool designers’ to achieve cost effective and timely design.     

Performance of Fuzzy ART neural network and hierarchical clustering for part-machine grouping based on operation sequences

The problem context for this study is one of identifying families of parts having a similar sequence of operations. This is a prerequisite for the implementation of cellular manufacturing, group technology, just-in-time manufacturing systems and for streamlining material flows in general. Given this problem context, this study develops an experimental procedure to compare the performance of a fuzzy ART neural network, a relatively recent neural network method, with the performance of traditional hierarchical clustering methods. For large, industry-type data sets, the fuzzy ART network, with the modifications proposed here, is capable of performance levels equal or superior to those of the widely used hierarchical clustering methods. However, like other ART networks, Fuzzy ART also results in category proliferation problems, an aspect that continues to require attention for ART networks. However, low execution times and superior solution quality make fuzzy ART a useful addition to the set of tools and techniques now available for group technology and design of cellular manufacturing systems.     

Human–Cyber–Physical Systems (HCPSs) in the Context of New-Generation Intelligent Manufacturing

An intelligent manufacturing system is a composite intelligent system comprising humans, cyber systems, and physical systems with the aim of achieving specific manufacturing goals at an optimized level. This kind of intelligent system is called a human–cyber–physical system (HCPS). In terms of technology, HCPSs can both reveal technological principles and form the technological architecture for intelligent manufacturing. It can be concluded that the essence of intelligent manufacturing is to design, construct, and apply HCPSs in various cases and at different levels. With advances in information technology, intelligent manufacturing has passed through the stages of digital manufacturing and digital-networked manufacturing, and is evolving toward new-generation intelligent manufacturing (NGIM). NGIM is characterized by the in-depth integration of new-generation artificial intelligence (AI) technology (i.e., enabling technology) with advanced manufacturing technology (i.e., root technology); it is the core driving force of the new industrial revolution. In this study, the evolutionary footprint of intelligent manufacturing is reviewed from the perspective of HCPSs, and the implications, characteristics, technical frame, and key technologies of HCPSs for NGIM are then discussed in depth. Finally, an outlook of the major challenges of HCPSs for NGIM is proposed.     

Pharmaceutical formulation and manufacturing using particle/powder technology for personalized medicines

Particle/powder technology is used in the manufacture of many pharmaceutical products, and research on the physical properties of particles in the nano- to micro-particle range is important in the pharmaceutical field. The concept of precision medicine will require an increasing shift in pharmaceutical manufacturing toward the design of individualized products. This perspective article focuses on particle design and powder technology for advanced formulations that will be needed in the future for individualized drug formulations and on-demand production. Nanoparticles as drug carriers in drug delivery systems will require particle designs to meet the treatment requirements of individual patients with a particular disease. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, process intensification, such as continuous manufacturing and integrated drug production from drug synthesis to final formulation, has attracted increased attention. Digital design approaches, such as artificial intelligence based on computer-aided development, also will be increasingly used. Continuous production of pharmaceutical products enables downsizing of manufacturing equipment, and on-demand manufacturing equipment has been developed. In addition, additive manufacturing, such as 3D printing, is considered to be suitable for personalized formulations, and small-scale powder handling and predictive modeling of powder characterization will be important for individual preparations.     

Ferrite memory systems

Ferrites have been the dominant memory technology for 15 years. Ferrite memory systems are surveyed in the context of the advances which have been made in the technology over this period. Advances in organization, storage devices, drive and sense systems, and manufacturing techniques are reviewed. This discussion leads to a consideration of the future of the technology which takes into account the effect of other practical storage technologies.     

超高真空技术在表面处理系统中的应用

超高真空的获得与测量技术于1950年左右在加拿大和美国问世.今天,伴随着半导体设备、平板显示器、磁和光磁存储器设备等制造业的发展,每隔一个月就要求推出新型有效的生产体系.在这些表面设备的生产系统中,许多都要求局部超高真空或要求整个工艺处理过程置于超高真空环境中.设计一个优质、高效的超高真空系统及操作工艺是达到理想效果的关键.在这里,我们只有科学理解气体分子和特殊表面物化结构间的相互作用,才能很好地解决各种工程问题.具备了关于等离子体和超高真空室壁及内部装置的表面间的相互作用的经验,就可以很好的解决等离子体的控制问题.近年来,显示器件使用的某些有机材料的开发应用,给超高真空技术提出了新的挑战.消费产品的大批量生产推动和改进了高效超高真空系统的设计.