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1.
Katy Börner Weixia Huang Micah Linnemeier Russell J. Duhon Patrick Phillips Nianli Ma Angela M. Zoss Hanning Guo Mark A. Price 《Scientometrics》2010,83(3):863-876
The enormous increase in digital scholarly data and computing power combined with recent advances in text mining, linguistics, network science, and scientometrics make it possible to scientifically study the structure and evolution of science on a large scale. This paper discusses the challenges of this ‘BIG science of science’—also called ‘computational scientometrics’ research—in terms of data access, algorithm scalability, repeatability, as well as result communication and interpretation. It then introduces two infrastructures: (1) the Scholarly Database (SDB) (http://sdb.slis.indiana.edu), which provides free online access to 22 million scholarly records—papers, patents, and funding awards which can be cross-searched and downloaded as dumps, and (2) Scientometrics-relevant plug-ins of the open-source Network Workbench (NWB) Tool (http://nwb.slis.indiana.edu). The utility of these infrastructures is then exemplarily demonstrated in three studies: a comparison of the funding portfolios and co-investigator networks of different universities, an examination of paper-citation and co-author networks of major network science researchers, and an analysis of topic bursts in streams of text. The article concludes with a discussion of related work that aims to provide practically useful and theoretically grounded cyberinfrastructure in support of computational scientometrics research, education and practice. 相似文献
2.
The proximity framework serves to analyse and understand how collaborations form and develop over time, and how these affect innovation and learning. The framework has inspired and informed empirical studies in several contexts, contributing to our understanding of the dynamics of dyadic collaborations, industrial clusters and districts, and regional innovation systems, to name but a few. Recent conceptual and empirical advances have called attention to the role of personal proximity and social proximity in such collaborations. In addition to other forms of proximity, these two dimensions could make up the glue that holds knowledge networks together. In the introduction to this special issue, we elaborate upon this proposition, setting out a point-of-departure for the three empirical studies collected in this issue. We summarize the findings of these papers, and develop a research agenda from those findings that may guide proximity researchers to novel research problems and useful research designs. 相似文献
3.
The understanding of scientific knowledge itself may promote further advances in science and research on the organization
of knowledge may be an initiative to this effort. This stream of research, however, has been mainly driven by the analysis
of citation networks. This study uses, as an alternative knowledge element, information on the keywords of papers published
in business research and examines how they are associated with each other to constitute a body of scientific knowledge. The
results show that, unlike most citation networks, keyword networks are not small-word networks but, rather, locally clustered
scale-free networks with a hierarchic structure. These structural patterns are robust against the scope of scientific fields
involved. In addition, this paper discusses the origins and implications of the identified structural characteristics of keyword
networks. 相似文献
4.
Scientometrics - Previous studies have explored the effects of network structures on organization’s exploratory innovation from different perspectives. However, few studies focus on the... 相似文献
5.
When implementing the kanban method in non-serial production lines, an interesting prioritization problem arises. Often a single server station will be linked with M different downstream stations via M separate kanban loops. Then the K-priority problem may be described as determining which kanban card should be processed next, given that empty cards are waiting in more than one loop. The objective in prioritizing the kanbans is to reduce back order or shortage costs and inventory costs at the downstream stations. Utilizing the theory of Markovian decision process and dynamic programming concepts, a solution to the K-priority problem is developed. This solution is labelled the K-rule, and was found to outperform the first-come-first-served and longest queue rules, plus a cost inclusive heuristic rule, in experimental tests, 相似文献
6.
This paper offers an empirical methodology for evaluating thedevelopment of
production networks. It looks at the linkagesbetween the flow of knowledge within the
production networkand the development of firm-endogenous capabilities, and appliesthis
methodology to the Argentinean automotive industry in orderto study its weaknesses and
potential. The paper finds thatthe automotive network is partially integrated and based
onincomplete interactions. In general, the firms innovativeperformance is based
on its own strategies and background, andthe effects of a closer interaction with the
network are undermined.However, this paper concludes that the network is significantfor
explaining the complexity of innovative activities and workorganization. 相似文献
7.
Scientometrics - This study analyzes how the accumulation of knowledge takes place in para-scientific areas, focusing on the case of Analytic Philosophy. The theoretical framework chosen for the... 相似文献
8.
Ugo Finardi 《Scientometrics》2011,89(1):37-50
Nanosciences and nanotechnologies are considered important for the development of science, technology and innovation, and
the study of their characters can be a great help to the decisions of policy makers and of practitioners. This work is centred
on the issue of the time relations between science and technology/innovation, and in particular on the speed of transfer of
science-generated knowledge towards its exploitation in patenting. A methodology based on patent citations is used in order
to measure the time lag between cited journal articles and citing patent, and thus the time proximity between the two steps.
Keywords regarding nanotechnology/nanoscience items are searched in order to collect data useful for the analysis. Collateral
measures, performed on another class of materials and on the spatial origin of citing/cited documents, help giving evidence
of the peculiarity of the behaviour and on its nature. The most representative time lag between production of scientific knowledge
and its technological exploitation appears being around 3–4 years. 相似文献
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Scientometrics - Critical citations are lacking a common definition in relation to extant research on knowledge construction and citation analysis, whereas studies on these topics seem to provide a... 相似文献
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当前知识发现的主流发展是围绕着寻求在各类数据库和应用背景下高性能、高扩展性的挖掘算法这一主题而展开的。事实上有比算法重要的决定挖掘流程的过程模型的研究,还有更为重要的决定模型和算法的内在机理(反映知识发现系统或过程本身规律)的研究,尚未得到应有的重视。笔者另辟蹊径,将所论三者有机地融合与集成,构造了一类基于认知心理特征的自主知识发现"系统框架",通过对类似的几类"系统框架"的交叉融合、综合集成,构造出基于内在认知机理的知识发现理论体系KDTICM。研究与实验结果表明:这种高起点、高层次的构造方法论研究,有可能形成高效能挖掘系统与新的研究方向;这种构造方法论的研究,可使长时间得不到解决的"领域知识实质性地介入到知识发现过程中"对知识库进行"动态实时维护"等重要问题得以解决;通过揭示知识发现的潜在规律与复杂性,可反作用于主流发展。最后,给出了此种构造方法有效性的有力佐证。 相似文献
14.
We analyse the co-authorship networks of researchers affiliated at universities in Turkey by using two databases: the international
SSCI database and the Turkish ULAKBIM database. We find that co-authorship networks are composed largely of isolated groups
and there is little intersection between the two databases, permitting little knowledge diffusion. There seems to be two disparate
populations of researchers. While some scholars publish mostly in the international journals, others target the national audience,
and there is very little intersection between the two populations. The same observation is valid for universities, among which
there is very little collaboration. Our results point out that while Turkish social sciences and humanities publications have
been growing impressively in the last decade, domestic networks to ensure the dissemination of knowledge and of research output
are very weak and should be supported by domestic policies. 相似文献
15.
Samuel Mwaura 《Industry and innovation》2016,23(7):575-594
Highlighting the limitations of R&D, this paper champions design activity as the phenomenon that captures knowledge mobilisation at the firm level, especially amongst small firms in developing countries. Still, knowledge becomes a capital (factor input) proper when employed in production. Volumes of new products sold could suggest the market value of utilised knowledge capital the same way the resale value of plant and equipment often approximates the stock of physical capital. Conversely, shares of sales of new products arguably capture an altogether different phenomenon: product-related firm transmutation. Findings suggest that the deeper utilisation of knowledge has significant productivity effects and supersedes mere mobilisation of knowledge. Further, undergoing transmutation towards the production of more of new products relative to incumbent products has no significant relationship with labour productivity. Firms should therefore prioritise the deeper exploitation of given new knowledge rather than potentially prodigal shifts in production towards new products as such. 相似文献
16.
Pessoa Junior Geraldo J. Dias Thiago M. R. Silva Thiago H. P. Laender Alberto H. F. 《Scientometrics》2020,124(3):2341-2360
Scientometrics - Interdisciplinary collaborations have recently drawn the attention of scholars, since bridging academic relationships contributes to make scientific coauthorship networks stronger.... 相似文献
17.
This paper aims to investigate the knowledge generated during the later phases of the life cycle of a complex customised product
and understand how this knowledge is transferred between projects and between different user groups. A series of four identical
rigs for offshore drilling was selected as a case study, and the transfer of knowledge between the first two rigs was explored
through two sets of interviews with the rig operators and the project management team. The expected knowledge transfer strategies
that emerged from the first set of interviews were analysed and compared with the actual transfer mechanisms identified in
the second set of interviews, and similarities and differences were investigated. It was found that the transfer of knowledge
primarily occurred within the individual phases of the product’s life cycle, and there was poor transfer across the different
phases. 相似文献
18.
This study presents an innovative approach for identifying the knowledge diffusion path of a target research field. We take the resource-based theory (RBT) as an example to demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology. Several survey studies have provided valuable summarization and commentaries to the RBT from different perspectives. These analyses are useful and pertinent for understanding the development of RBT. However, limited by the methodologies they used, previous scholars can only select part of the RBT literature to conduct the survey work. To eliminate the limitation, this study develops an innovative approach which can handle thousands of articles. This study analyzes a dataset including 2,105 theoretical developments, empirical studies, and review papers to explore the knowledge diffusion path of the RBT. Citation data are used to build the citation network. Main paths are then probed and visualized via social network analysis methodology. To figure out the total picture of the knowledge diffusion path, this study integrates various main path analyses to supplement the traditional approach. The traditional main path analysis investigates the knowledge diffusion from a local view. The global analysis provides a main path from a macro view. The key-route analysis helps explore and clarify a complete picture of the convergence-divergence phenomena. We believe that through this novel tool, new researchers can easily identify the papers that have made major contributions to RBT knowledge diffusion and uncover the interrelationships among them. 相似文献
19.
This study introduces nation diffusion breadth and nation diffusion intensity by adapting the notions of field diffusion breadth and field diffusion intensity as defined by Liu and Rousseau, and a variation on the total cited influence indicator introduced by Hu et al. Knowledge diffusion across countries in the field of management is then analyzed as a case study. Main countries in the field of management studies are considered as centers in their own ego-centered citation networks. The three indicators mentioned above are then calculated for these ego-centered citation networks. They measure the scientific impact each of these countries has on other nations. A general picture of the knowledge diffusion process is given by the three indicators at the country level over four periods 1992–1996, 1997–2001, 2002–2006, and 2007–2011. The validity of the proposed indicators is verified by the calculated results. 相似文献
20.
In recent years, the topic of knowledge production has been widely investigated in the advanced countries. However, the process
by which knowledge is produced in the developing countries has not been fully explored or characterized. In Korea, the science
and engineering fields strongly reflect systems of knowledge production in the universities and demonstrate the dynamics of
systems of innovation for knowledge production. Through using a case study including data for knowledge production, in the
field of information and telecommunication, the following general trends were observed. Firstly, there has been a trend towards
increasing the capabilities for knowledge production, via domestic and foreign collaboration. Secondly, there has been an
increasing trend towards the diversification of knowledge sources such as university-industry, and university-public research
institutes. Finally, the establishment of a nation's knowledge base is influenced by governmental research and development
policies.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献