The effect of post-fire-curing on strength-velocity relationship for nondestructive assessment of fire-damaged concrete strength

This paper investigates the residual compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) of concrete, which has been water-cured after exposure to high temperatures. The relationship between the residual strength ratio and the residual UPV ratio was developed. Cylindrical specimens were made of concrete with water-cement ratios of 0.58 and 0.68 and, after 90 days, the specimens were heated in an electric furnace to temperatures ranging from 400 to 1000 °C. The concrete specimens exposed to elevated temperatures were cured in a water tank for 72 h and tested after 4, 27, 87 and 177 days. The ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength of each post-fire-curing specimen were measured. Experimental results show that water curing of the concrete specimens after exposure to high temperatures has noticeable effects on the residual strength and UPV recovery. It is also shown that a change in the mixture proportion of concrete does not have a significant effect on the residual strength ratio and the residual UPV ratio of concrete subjected to elevated temperatures. The relationship between the residual strength ratio and the residual UPV ratio was developed and a general equation is proposed for predicting the residual strength of post-fire-curing concrete. Finally, this paper verifies the validity of the proposed equation for predicting the residual strength ratios of post-fire-curing concrete with the measured residual UPV ratios.     

受火冷却后钢筋混凝土梁斜截面抗剪承载力分析

研究受火冷却后钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力的计算方法,从材料性能和抗剪传力机理两个方面分析了受火冷却后钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力下降的原因。建议了受火冷却后钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力计算公式。根据受火冷却后钢筋混凝土梁试验结果对集中荷载作用下抗剪承载力折减系数的取值进行了分析,参考试验值建议了适当的抗剪承载力折减系数,计算值具有一定的安全储备,可满足工程要求。还需要进一步研究钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力折减系数的取值。     

火灾后钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力

研究火灾后钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力,建立了钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元模型,对其在火灾后的抗剪性能进行了数值模拟。有限元模型考虑了火灾作用后混凝土和钢筋的材料损伤,分析了火灾时间、剪跨比、混凝土强度、箍筋直径和箍筋间距对钢筋混凝土梁抗剪承载力和刚度的影响程度。结果表明,随着火灾时间的增加、剪跨比的增大或混凝土强度的下降,火灾后钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪承载力和刚度均明显下降。随着箍筋直径的下降或箍筋间距的增大,火灾后钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪承载力下降,而刚度变化较小。     

火灾后钢筋混凝土电化学再碱化技术的研究

钢筋混凝土电化学再碱化技术主要是应用电解和电渗原理，在直流电的作用下，使混凝土内钢筋周围产生OH^-，同时使Na^ 等碱性阳离子渗入到混凝土内部，恢复钢筋周围的碱性环境，使钢筋重新钝化。通过对预制钢筋混凝土试件的再碱化试验，研究采用电化学再碱化技术在火灾后的钢筋混凝土中的应用，提出用于火灾后混凝土再碱化修复法的施工方法和注意事项。     

Time-dependent reliability assessment for mass concrete structures

Under the influences of random thermal creep stresses, the safety of mass concrete structures could be described by time-dependent reliability. In this paper, based on probabilistic finite element method (PFEM), numerical methods for the time-dependent reliability assessment are presented. By using the presented methods, various kinds of random variability including non-stationary temperature of concrete, modulus of elasticity, creep compliance and strength parameters of concrete can be conveniently taken into account. The suggested method is useful for the mass concrete structural design and safety evaluation when random factors should be taken into account.     

钢筋混凝土T形截面梁温度场精确算法

研究标准升温曲线作用下混凝土T形截面梁温度场的变化,对混凝土T形截面梁进行60 min和75 min火灾试验;介绍三维、二维导热微分方程,采用有限元和有限差分的混合方法计算截面温度场,计算中考虑了混凝土、钢筋的热工性能和混凝土的水分蒸发对温度场的影响,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。实验和计算结果表明,T形梁翼缘内的温度分布与单面受火板相似,腹板内的温度分布与三面受火矩形截面梁相似;T形截面内,腹板角部温度最高,翼缘下部腹板由侧面向核心区温度下降最快。     

New techniques for concrete block walls

A new role for concrete blocks in rationalised construction is envisaged by the National Concrete Masonry Association of America as a result of the development of new mortars and prefabricated block wall panels. These developments are described by the Vice-President, Technical Services, of NCMA.     

New techniques for concrete block walls

A new role for concrete blocks in rationalised construction is envisaged by the National Concrete Masonry Association of America as a result of the development of new mortars and prefabricated block wall panels. These developments are described by the Vice-President, Technical Services, of NCMA.     

火灾损伤混凝土的压力浸渍修复技术研究

针对火灾中混凝土建筑物的浅层损伤,提出用压力浸渍法修复火灾后的混凝土建筑物的方法,并分析压力浸渍法的关键技术,指出压力浸渍法的适宜修复压力为0.12MPa,适宜恒压时间为60min,压力浸渍法修复的主要对象为损伤层不超过20mm的浅层损伤。     

混凝土结构耐久性评定方法体系

长期处于侵蚀环境中的混凝土结构,因耐久性损伤及性能劣化,导致其实际使用寿命远低于设计使用年限,造成了巨大的经济损失和资源浪费.充分考虑了腐蚀环境的多样性以及混凝土结构耐久性问题的复杂性,在总结混凝土结构耐久性评估理论与方法及工程实践经验的基础上,提出了既有混凝土结构耐久性评定的原则与方法;针对一般环境、氯盐环境、冻融环...     

Seismic vulnerability assessment of tilt-up concrete structures

This paper focuses on seismic vulnerability assessment for one-story tilt-up concrete structures. To capture the potential failure mechanisms, an analytical modelling approach using nonlinear properties is developed and verified with measured data from a shake table test documented in the literature. Nonlinear dynamic analyses using synthetic ground motions for Memphis, Tennessee, are performed to assess dynamic behaviour of the buildings. Then, probabilistic demand models for multiple limit states that represent potential failure mechanisms are developed with a Bayesian updating approach. These demand models are used in conjunction with appropriate capacity limits to develop fragility curves that provide a probabilistic measure of the seismic vulnerability of typical tilt-up concrete buildings. This study shows that the vulnerability of typical tilt-up structures in Mid-America is significant when seismic hazards are high. In addition, it is found that the aspect ratio of building geometry has a significant impact on the seismic performance and fragility estimates of tilt-up buildings.     

火灾后钢筋混凝土受弯构件抗弯承载力

研究火灾后钢筋混凝土受弯构件的抗弯承载力统一算法,分析火灾后钢筋混凝土矩形截面梁、单向板和T形截面梁的抗弯承载力。构件受火位置包括受拉区和受压区,截面配筋方式包括单筋截面和双筋截面。考虑以上因素,给出火灾后钢筋混凝土受弯构件抗弯承载力完整的计算公式,结合数值分析和试验结果验证公式的有效性。研究结果表明,提出的计算方法可以较准确地计算火灾后钢筋混凝土受弯构件的抗弯承载力。     

高位大悬挑混凝土结构支模平台施工技术

以某高层公共建筑工程为例,介绍了一种高位大悬挑混凝土结构支模平台施工技术,该技术采用型钢基本结构单元搭设钢平台,解决了型钢悬挑梁平台安全储备不足的问题。     

火灾后混凝土结构剩余使用寿命的预测

本文根据混凝土结构剩余使用寿命的预测方法,分析了火灾后混凝土结构残余承载力,综合论述了火灾后混凝土结构剩余使用寿命的预测方法,为火灾后混凝土结构的处置提供依据。     

NDT approach for characterization of subsurface cracks in concrete

A combination of nondestructive testing techniques is applied in this paper for the detection and characterization of subsurface damage in concrete. Thermography is initially used to locate the defects, in the form of vertical cracks beneath the surface, due to the variation of the temperature field as monitored by an infrared camera. Additionally, cooling down curves enhance the characterization by the different rate of heat exchange between cracked and sound areas. Consequently ultrasound propagation is used to estimate the depth, by the firm correlation between wave transmission and damage characteristics. The complementary use of the two techniques is discussed as a potential robust methodology for evaluation of difficult damage in concrete before it is visible.     

Far-field radar NDT technique for detecting GFRP debonding from concrete

A radar nondestructive testing (NDT) technique using an airborne horn antenna operating in the far-field condition is developed for detecting damages such as debonding and concrete cracking in glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)-wrapped concrete columns. The far-field airborne radar (FAR) NDT technique is advantageous for distant measurement in practical applications where contact/near-contact measurement becomes an issue. In this technique the radar antenna operates in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) mode. Laboratory measurements at the frequency range 8–18 GHz are made on artificially damaged GFRP–concrete specimens for a preliminary validation of this technique. Collected frequency–angle measurements are further processed by the fast backprojection algorithm to render range–cross-range imagery for damage detection. From the reported measurements and imaging results the proposed FAR NDT technique is conceptually validated; the potential of this technique is shown in identifying defects and debonding in the GFRP–concrete interface regions of the concrete columns wrapped with these composite materials.     

碳纤维片材加固混凝土合格评定若干问题的探讨

碳纤维片材加固混凝土结构的技术得到了广泛的应用,工程完工后必须进行现场检验才能给出可靠的评估。文中对不同标准的差异给验收工作带来的不确定性进行了分析,对比了三项不同验收标准之间的异同,并提出了在实际应用中会出现的问题。     

混凝土结构与钢结构材料性能的先进监测技术

介绍了对混凝土结构和钢结构的材料性能进行监测的先进技术,包括自动监测技术和人工检测技术两大类,以通过采用这些技术,及时发现结构材料的性能退化,从而有效保障结构安全。     

混凝土无损检测中常用声发射检测参数的设置

为了采集到具有高信噪比的声发射信号,实现声发射检测技术在大型混凝土结构在役监测工程实际中的推广应用,通过分析噪音信号、利用铅笔芯折断模拟声发射源试验,确定符合试验材料的检测参数:门槛、时间参数、波速、衰减等,为混凝土声发射检测参数选取提供了可靠的依据.     

Damage assessment for concrete structure using image processing techniques on acoustic borehole imagery

The deterioration of concrete structures is a growing problem worldwide. Drilled cores are usually collected from large dams for testing the concrete and rock foundation underneath to assess their safety. However, the borehole itself can be used to assess cracks and other damage and collect additional information on the surrounding materials. This paper evaluates various edge-detection algorithms, as well as transform and statistical-based methods, for their effectiveness in assessing damage in a concrete dam from digital borehole imagery obtained using an acoustic televiewer. The statistical-based approach was found to be the most efficient technique for damage assessment from acoustic imagery. A clustering technique was used to quantify damage from the imagery, such as vertical cracks, horizontal cracks, voids, stains, and foundation damage. Results were verified using log data. Further damage analysis consisted of determining minimum, maximum and mean crack-width openings.