电弧焊熔池图像的边缘检测

本文提出一种基于Canny算子和形态学的图像边缘提取算法。熔池图像经过预处理后,运用形态学的开闭运算滤除噪声和局部灰度增强后用Canny算子检测得到清晰的连续的边缘。实验结果表明,该方法明显优于经过传统滤波后再进行Canny算子的边缘检测效果,为后续的特征提取,目标识别提供了良好的基础。该算法对噪声有很好的鲁棒性,并得到真正的边缘。     

基于选择学习机制的深度图像超分辨率算法

针对深度图像传感器与彩色图像传感器的空间分辨率较差的问题,提出一种提高深度图像分辨率的算法,不同于传统方法,本文算法是基于机器学习的超分辨率选择机制,选择均值型、最大值型和中值型三种滤波器方法作为候选方法。首先运用高分辨率深度图像下采样和高分辨率彩色图像选择最优的滤波器,同时经过特征提取获得特征集;然后,高分辨率深度图像直接通过最优滤波器获得特征集;最后,这些特征集经过支持向量机(SVM)训练获得滤波器分类器。此外,本文还提出了一种频域特征向量,用于提高算法识别性能。无噪声和有噪声的深度图像实验验证了本文算法的有效性和鲁棒性,在真彩色和飞行时间深度图像的实验结果表明,本文算法的性能优于传统算法。     

基于融合边缘检测的SAR图像线性特征提取算法

该文基于合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像低信噪比的特点,设计了一种基于融合边缘检测的线性特征提取算法。首先采用融合Canny算子及ROA算子得到边缘点,然后利用Radon变换得出线基元,最后根据启发式连接的思想连接了由于噪声引起的直线断裂。实测SAR图像的实验结果表明,该文提出的线性特征提取方法能够准确描述SAR图像的线性结构,可应用于自动目标识别和景象匹配等方面。     

一种复杂图像背景中残留液晶识别方法

LCD液晶屏是对表面洁净度有严格要求的部件,基于数字图像处理的残留液晶识别方法能够定量、客观地评价表面的洁净度。针对复杂背景图像中残留液晶难以准确识别的问题,本文提出并实现了有效的图像处理流程和算法,包括分割、边缘连接、图像填充、去除多余边界以及噪声等操作。提出了一种边缘连接算子,在对图像进行分割后,将不连续的图像边界连接为闭合,为图像填充奠定基础。提出并实现了一个基于二叉分类方法的模式分类器,用于对污染物几何形状进行自动识别。实验表明,针对单一背景残留液晶的识别与分析方法能够精确获得残留液晶边缘,并且控制了噪声的干扰;针对复杂背景残留液晶识别与分析方法能够对背景存在明显差异的特定类型图像进行准确的处理。     

基于神经网络的性别识别方法

针对目前性别识别方法中的人体第二性特征提取困难、识别率低、鲁棒性差等问题,提出了一种基于神经网络的性别识别方法,并得到了基于人脸图像的性别识别分类器。文中先将人脸图像进行高斯滤波,再将预处理后的图像归一化用于训练BP神经网络,以得到性别识别分类器,最后将分类器与传统的性别识别方法进行比较。实验结果表明,通过文中方法实现了人体第二性特征自动提取,提高了分类器的容错能力和识别率,增强了鲁棒性。     

基于Contourlet变换和SVM的SAR图像目标识别

针对SAR图像具有斑点噪声,特征提取较难的特点,提出了基于Contourlet变换和SVM的SAR图像目标识别分类算法.该算法的在特征提取时利用了Contourlet域的标准偏差进行特征提取的方法,后端用支持向量机分类器,提高分类精度.实验结果证明该分类算法能够减少SVM的特征维数,具有较好的分类性能.     

基于深度卷积神经网络的飞机识别研究

为快速准确识别机场遥感图像飞机目标,提出了一种深度卷积神经网络与边缘轮廓特征提取技术结合的识别算法。利用深度卷积神经网络对机场遥感图像中飞机目标进行深度特征提取,针对飞机停机位置存在阴影的问题,结合优化后的Canny算子得到目标轮廓,经由支持向量机给飞机分类。算法主要有两个阶段。第一阶段为训练阶段,主要对深度卷积神经网络进行训练,将获得的特征归一化;利用Canny算子得到边缘特征,通过主成分分析法得到飞机主轴,求解主轴两侧边缘点欧氏距离作为特征向量;接着完成支持向量机分类器训练。第二阶段为测试阶段,主要对算法进行验证并测试准确性。实验结果证明,算法识别的正确率高达94.39%,能够较好地识别飞机目标。     

基于独立分量分析的图像边缘特征提取

本文探讨了一种新的多元统计分析方法——独立分量分析在图像边缘特征提取方面的应用．采用基于信息最大算法的无监督神经网络对自然图像进行迭代学习, 获得ICA所需的基函数。提取的基函数在空间频率上具有方向性和局部性,很好地描述了输入自然景物图像的边缘特征。实验结果表明,即使在有噪声的条件下,ICA也可以较好地获得图像的边缘特征信息。     

一种改进的安全带图像特征提取方法的应用

针对基于支持向量机(SVM)的安全带佩戴视觉检测系统,提出一种改进的安全带图像特征提取方法。通过基于Freeman链码的最小二乘圆弧拟合法识别方向盘边缘圆弧,在安全带边缘特征约束条件下使用快速Hough变换确定备选安全带边缘直线段,进而深入分析方向盘边缘圆弧中点与备选安全带边缘直线段的平面几何关系,并以此为基础构造特征向量,完成对安全带图像特征的提取。实验数据表明,最终获取的特征向量能准确地表征原始图像中的安全带图像特征,适合作为SVM分类器的输入参数。     

基于集成学习的SAR图像农田区域识别与检测方法研究

旨在综合利用特征提取、多种分类器、图像融合、相关判决等方法,实现对SAR遥感图像中农田种植区域的精确识别与检测。首先论述了相关研究与应用现状,然后分析了SAR图像农田种植区域的特征提取、多种分类器训练与检测的效果,及采用基于PCA的SAR图像融合、多种检测结果的相关,最后综合以上提出了一种基于多分类器集成学习的SAR图像农田区域识别与检测方法。通过实验验证了文章所提出方法的有效性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.