复杂光照条件下矿石三维视觉实时筛选方法

矿石自动筛选是提高矿产资源加工效率的关键环节之一。针对矿石开采现场光照复杂多变,传送带矿石难以实时自动检测等问题,提出了一种基于红外线结构光的现场矿石3D视觉实时筛选方法。为了解决复杂光照条件下太阳辐射对矿石表面结构光成像干扰的问题,提出采用800 nm附近红外线结构光作为成像主动光源,在各种光照条件下获取稳定的矿石表面结构光图像;提出邻域累积差分特征分析方法,通过快速定位光条边界点来提取结构光光条中心,实时获取矿石3D坐标数据。对复杂光照条件下的大量现场矿石表面结构光图像采用多线程进行处理,实验结果表明,与现有方法相比,文中方法速度更快,稳定性更强,能适应线结构光形态和方向变化。对每幅矿石结构光图像筛选的时间为13.2 ms,满足现场矿石3D实时筛选需求。     

多传感器线结构光视觉测量系统全局校准

针对现有多传感器线结构光视觉测量系统全局校准过程中通常需要三维测量设备、校准过程复杂等问题,提出了一种基于一维靶标的多传感器线结构光视觉测量系统全局校准方法。此方法以一维靶标为中介,首先由每个线结构光视觉传感器得到光条与一维靶标相交点在各自测量坐标系下的三维坐标,然后由交比不变性得到相交点在一维靶标坐标系下的坐标,进而...     

运动模糊情况下的结构光光条中心快速提取

为了在复杂的运动模糊情况下快速提取光条中心，提出了一种新的结构光光条中心快速提取算法。通过分析线结构光运动成像模糊的原因和图像中光条截面的灰度值分布规律，设计了基于理论光条成像宽度的P-tile阈值分割算法，以解决运动模糊情况下光条成像宽度不一、亮度无规则变化引起的光条区域提取困难问题。根据光条图像的特点，通过改进的区域生长算法提高光条定位速度，根据光条截面的灰度值分布特点提取结构光光条中心。实验结果表明，在运动模糊情况下，改进的P-tile阈值分割算法具有精度高、速度快的优点，相比极值法、大津法能更好地分割出有效光条区域，在结构光工业高速测量领域具有实用价值。     

一种双抽运结构C+L波段掺铒光纤宽带光源

介绍了一种结构简单、工作在C+L波段掺铒宽带光源。实验中用3dB宽带耦合器作为光纤反射镜,同时利用功率控制电路让光源输出光稳定,先用两个980nm二极管作为抽运源,将后向的C波段ASE重新引回光纤中,提高了抽运源的利用效率和光纤输出光的稳定性,优化掺铒光纤长度,获得了功率高达26.67mW(14.26dBm)的C+L波段ASE光输出,平均波长1550.887nm。之后采用一个980nm和一个1480nm的激光二极管,在输出相对平坦的情况下,得到了最高功率为23.23mW(13.66dBm),平均波长为1556.46nm的C+L波段ASE光输出,光纤环形镜的使用,不仅改善了光源的平坦度,并且大大提高了光光转化效率。     

一种新型低成本稳定调制光源的设计与实现

提出了一种新型低成本的光功率可调的稳定调制光源设计方案.该方案通过调节激光器的驱动电流控制调制光源的光功率变化,配以不同的固定衰减器,可以实现调制光源光功率在-40dB～0 dB范围内的连续可调.测试结果表明,该调制光源光功率可以连续可调并且光功率输出稳定.     

S+C+L超宽带光源的研究

为了得到一种高性能的S+C+L波段的超带宽光纤光源,采用一种新型的混合掺杂的光纤作为传输媒质,通过用激光二极管作为抽运源抽运掺铒光纤和掺铥光纤,用两个3dB宽带耦合器作为光纤反射镜,同时利用功率控制电路让光源输出光稳定,对设计的光源进行了实验和理论验证,得到了总功率为28mW、带宽1460nm～1610nm的S+C+L波段的超带宽光纤光源。结果表明,光纤环形镜的使用,不仅改善了光源的平坦度,并且大大提高了光光转换效率。     

基于模糊PID的光纤陀螺光源光控技术研究

为了提高光纤陀螺光源的稳定性,该文在陀螺系统基础上提出了一种光源光功率控制方案。采集陀螺耦合器空端上的光功率信号来反馈控制陀螺光源的出纤光功率。在反馈控制算法上采用模糊PID控制,其具有较好的灵活性、适应性及较快的响应。测试结果表明,采用模糊PID的光控方案比未采用光控的光源驱动方案在光源出纤光功率的稳定性上提高了66%。     

光栅式双目立体视觉传感器的立体匹配方法

光栅式双目立体视觉传感器的难点之一在于立体匹配问题,为此,提出了一种基于极线约束和空间点最小距离搜索的立体匹配方法.该方法将光栅式双目立体视觉传感器看作两个光栅结构光传感器,分别标定后可测定光条中心点关于某个结构光模型的三维坐标,若两点匹配,则其三维坐标间的距离理论上为零.引入极线约束,在左摄像机成像光条上找一个特征点,在右摄像机所成像中便可计算出一条极线与之对应,在极线与各光条中心的交点中寻找匹配点.该方法在三维空间进行匹配,计算量小,能够实现点与点的唯一匹配.仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性.     

一种ASE光源的性能优化方法

为了提高光源的各项性能,设计了一系列实验,用以验证掺铒光纤长度及泵浦源功率对光源性能的影响。采用实验的方法,分析了常温情况下,由不同长度掺铒光纤的变化所导致的ASE光源输出光的光功率、中心波长及谱宽变化,得到了在不同泵浦源功率时,掺铒光纤长度的变化对整机性能的影响,以及出光光功率和谱宽变化的实验曲线,从中发现在光纤长度为22 m时,光源工作性能最佳。这对ASE光源的器件选择及系统优化具有参考价值。实验结果表明,掺铒光纤长度对1 550 nm单通后向出光ASE光源的光源输出功率和谱宽性能均有影响。     

结构光光条中心亚像素快速提取方法

为准确获得结构光光条图像的光条中心,提出了一种新的光条中心亚像素提取方法。该方法通过光条截面能量中心和光条法线方向的迭代计算,实现了光条中心的亚像素精度快速提取。仿真实验结果表明,对于768×576piexl的图像,在噪声水平σ=36时,光条提取精度达到0.12piexi像素,光条提取速度约6.5ms。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.