基于图像签名算法的视觉目标跟踪算法北大核心CSCD

针对视觉目标跟踪算法中存在的快速运动、尺度变化、形变和遮挡问题,提出基于图像签名算法的视觉目标跟踪算法。该算法以相关滤波算法为基础,通过多种特征构建目标的外观模型,提高了算法的跟踪精确度和稳健性;为了解决严重遮挡情况下的目标重定位问题,利用图像签名算法计算图像的稀疏显著性区域,获取候选目标的位置,通过分类器对候选目标进行重排名,实现目标重定位;采用尺度池策略和自适应模板更新策略,解决跟踪中的尺度变化问题和跟踪漂移问题。利用标准数据集测试所提算法的性能,结果表明,所提算法在跟踪成功率和精确度上均优于传统的相关滤波算法,能较好地解决快速运动、尺度变化、形变和遮挡情况下的目标跟踪问题。     

基于Struck算法的遮挡目标跟踪

Struck算法是近年来综合性能较优的视觉目标跟踪算法,但对于较大比例遮挡或全部遮挡情形,算法性能下降明显.通过对Struck算法的分析发现,当遮挡出现时算法分类器会引入错误信息,从而导致跟踪失败或者跟踪漂移.在Struck算法框架的基础上加入遮挡判断机制,在检测到较大比例遮挡后停止分类器更新,并通过缩放搜索样本的尺寸解决目标尺寸快速变化导致的遮挡检测虚警;对于具有一定运动信息的目标,通过卡尔曼滤波器进行预测解决目标全遮挡后的持续跟踪.实验证明,提出的算法框架对遮挡情形下的目标跟踪具有较高的鲁棒性.     

基于Mean Shift和Kalman滤波相结合的运动目标跟踪方法

为了使Mean shift算法能跟踪快速运动目标和大比例遮挡的目标,算法引入Kalman滤波对目标位置进行预测,Mean shift在预测位置邻域内搜索目标位置.同时对引入Kalman滤波的算法进行试验分析发现,不能有效的跟踪运动状态突然变化的目标,为此提出采用两次Bhattacharyya系数大小判断的方法.实验证明,提出的算法能够有效的跟踪运动目标,对于快速运动目标、大比例遮挡的目标以及运动状态突变的目标都有很好的跟踪效果,具有很好的鲁棒性.     

基于增强群跟踪器和深度学习的目标跟踪

为解决基于外观模型和传统机器学习目标跟踪易出现目标漂移甚至跟踪失败的问题,该文提出以跟踪-学习-检测(TLD)算法为框架,基于增强群跟踪器(FoT)和深度学习的目标跟踪算法。FoT实现目标的预测与跟踪,增添基于时空上下文级联预测器提高预测局部跟踪器的成功率,快速随机采样一致性算法评估全局运动模型,提高目标跟踪的精确度。深度去噪自编码器和支持向量机分类器构建深度检测器,结合全局多尺度扫描窗口搜索策略检测可能的目标。加权P-N学习对样本加权处理,提高分类器的分类精确度。与其它跟踪算法相比较,在复杂环境下,不同图片序列实验结果表明,该算法在遮挡、相似背景等条件下具有更高的准确度和鲁棒性。     

一种尺度自适应的粒子滤波跟踪算法

针对复杂背景下目标发生旋转、遮挡、尺度变化和摄像机运动时不能实时跟踪到目标的问题,将最佳核窗宽方法和信息量度量方法相结合,用于粒子滤波框架中.各个粒子通过均值偏移来搜索峰值,同时加入了相应的遮挡策略.实验结果表明,该算法在目标发生旋转、遮挡后仍能很好地跟踪到目标.同时跟踪窗能随目标尺度的大小变化作相应调整,大大提高了算法的实时性和稳健性.     

融合颜色直方图响应的时空上下文跟踪算法

时空上下文(STC)跟踪算法在特征表达、尺度自适应策略等方面存在缺陷,当出现目标突然形变、局部遮挡或尺度变化等情况时,跟踪器的性能会严重退化。通过对STC算法进行改进,提出了一种融合颜色直方图响应的时空上下文跟踪算法。基于颜色统计的模型对运动模糊和目标形变等影响因素不敏感,和时空上下文模型具有良好的互补性质,在响应层融合后能够提升算法的鲁棒性。此外,采用基于多尺度金字塔模型的尺度搜索策略替换STC算法中原有的尺度估计策略,进行更精准的自适应尺度估计。在大规模公开数据集上的测试结果表明,本文算法在不同影响因素的复杂环境下展现了更为良好的跟踪性能和适应性,并且平均跟踪速度达到134.2帧/秒。     

基于粒子群算法和卡尔曼滤波的运动目标跟踪算法

针对目前一些常用的运动目标跟踪算法存在跟踪精度不高、实时性低、对遮挡问题处理不佳等问题,提出一种粒子群算法与卡尔曼滤波相结合的新的运动目标跟踪方法。利用卡尔曼滤波预测目标中心在下一帧图像中的位置,从而极大减少了搜索范围,并以该位置为中心建立目标搜索区域。然后以目标的灰度统计特征对目标模板和候选区域进行匹配,确保跟踪准确性。为了有效减少搜索匹配次数、提高实时性,利用粒子群算法在搜索区域找到和目标模板最相似的区域,从而找到最优中心位置,并以该位置作为卡尔曼滤波的观测值,进行下一帧跟踪。仿真实验结果表明新算法显著提高了跟踪的实时性、精确性,并对部分遮挡能较好地处理。     

基于隐马尔可夫模型和分块特征匹配的目标跟踪算法北大核心CSCD

为解决运动目标跟踪过程中由于遮挡、光照变化、尺度变化等因素导致的目标易丢失以及传统Camshift跟踪算法中跟踪窗口易发散等问题,提出一种融合优化的隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)和分块特征匹配的运动目标跟踪算法。首先,利用主成分分析(PCA)结合特征位置对目标仿射尺度不变特征变换(ASIFT)特征进行降维生成PCA-ASIFT特征,保留目标关键信息;其次,采用粒子滤波最优特征位置优化目标PCA-ASIFT特征的HMM参数;最后,通过HSV直方图模型建立目标分块,赋予不同目标分块相应权重并结合分块特征匹配以改善Camshift算法实现运动目标跟踪。实验结果表明,在自然场景下,本文算法能够取得较好的运动目标跟踪效果,对遮挡、尺度变化等具有较好的稳健性。     

一种引入预测机制的时空上下文跟踪算法

针对时空上下文(STC)算法在抗遮挡目标跟踪中的不足,提出使用上下文模型相似度作为判别遮挡的条件和改进上下文模型更新方程的修正系数,同时采用预测算法修正搜索区域,构建了一种基于时空上下文跟踪的抗遮挡目标跟踪算法,并通过标准目标跟踪视频库对原算法和改进后算法的跟踪性能进行仿真和对比。实验证明,在原算法的基础上提高了抗遮挡跟踪的鲁棒性,在一些图像序列中跟踪成功率的提高最高可达30%。     

基于自适应的核相关滤波的目标跟踪算法

针对核相关滤波器(KCF)跟踪算法在目标发生尺度变化和严重遮挡的情况下跟踪失败的问题,提出了一种基于自适应的核相关滤波的目标跟踪算法。该算法运用了尺度估计策略,使跟踪框自适应,用多项式核函数来减少计算量,采用了FHog目标特征代替原来的Hog特征,获取更多的目标特征信息。实验采用OTB-2013评估基准的50组视频序列进行测试,并与其他31种跟踪算法进行对比,测试所提算法的有效性。实验结果表明:所提算法成功率为0.549,精确度为0.736,排名第一,与KCF算法相比,分别提高了3.8%和1.0%。该算法在目标发生尺度变化、严重遮挡等复杂情况下,均具有较强的稳健性和鲁棒性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first