有机-无机异质结电致发光器件发光机理的研究

制备了3种有机-无机异质结电致发光器件。由于电场强度或界面势垒的不同．这3种器件的发光性能和发光机理有很大的差别：器件A的发光主要是来自无机层的蓝光．器件B中有机层和无机层都有发光．而器件C只有来自有机层的发光。对所制备的3种结构器件的EL进行了比较,研究了结构对发光起因的影响,揭示通过调节有机层和无机层厚度以及界面势垒高度可以实现对发光区域的控制。     

高效率白色有机电致发光器件

通过引入磷光材料Ir(pPy3)作为敏化剂,制作了高效率的白色有机电致发光器件.Ir(pPy)3和荧光染料DCJTB共掺入CBP母体中.此共掺层的厚度以及浓度都影响到整个器件的效率和颜色.Alq和BCP分别用作电子传输层和激子阻挡层,NPB用作蓝光发光层和空穴传输层.器件的最大效率和亮度分别可以达到9 cd/A和12 020 cd/m2.通过调节掺杂层的厚度以及Ir(ppy)3和DCJTB的浓度,可以得到相当纯正的白光,其色坐标为(0.33,0.32),在10～19 V的范围内几乎不随驱动电压的变化而变化.     

有机/无机复合体异质结太阳电池

利用简单的低温工艺制备了纳米晶纤锌矿结构的ZnO,用高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和光致发光(PL)技术进行了表征.利用纳米晶ZnO和共轭聚合物2-甲氧基-5-(3,7.二甲基辛氧基)对苯撑乙烯(MDMO-PPV)制备了结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ZnO:MDMO-PPV/Al的有机/无机复合体异质结太阳电池,作为对比,同时制备了ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MDMO-PPV/Al结构的纯有机聚合物电池.实验结果表明,添加纳米晶ZnO使其能量转换效率提高了约550倍.PL谱测试结果表明这是由于有高电子亲合能的ZnO提高了电子空穴对分离的能力.另外,光伏性能的提高可能也与ZnO引起的电子传输能力的提高有关.此外,本文分析了ZnO:MDMOPPV体异质结电池性能低于传统电池的原因,并提出了进一步提高其性能的方法.     

具有MgF_2夹层有机-无机复合电致发光器件的性能

本文把 Mg F2 引入有机电致发光器件的电子传输层和空穴传输层之间 ,制备了有机 -无机复合的电致发光器件。通过发光和电学研究发现 ,Mg F2 层的引入可以明显抑制激基复合物的形成 ,增加短波长光的发射的强度 ;同时 ,它对降低起亮电压 ,改善器件发光性能具有明显的效果     

波长可调谐聚合膜/无机膜异质结电致发光

针对聚合物电致发光材料缺乏可用的电子型聚合物半导体材料的现状,采用无机电子型半导体材料ZnO∶Zn与空穴型聚合物材料PDDOPV[poly (2,5-bis (dodecyloxy)-phenylenevinylene)]成功制备了结构为ITO/PDDOPV/ZnO∶Zn/Al的异质结双层器件.异质结器件的发光效率与亮度较单层器件提高1个数量级以上.该异质结器件的发光颜色是随着电压的增加而蓝移的,其光致发光光谱也随着激发波长的改变而改变,可能形成了新的发光基团.     

波长可调谐聚合膜/无机膜异质结电致发光

针对聚合物电致发光材料缺乏可用的电子型聚合物半导体材料的现状 ,采用无机电子型半导体材料 Zn O∶Zn与空穴型聚合物材料 PDDOPV [poly (2 ,5 - bis (dodecyloxy) - phenylenevinylene) ]成功制备了结构为 ITO/PDDOPV/Zn O∶ Zn/Al的异质结双层器件 .异质结器件的发光效率与亮度较单层器件提高 1个数量级以上 .该异质结器件的发光颜色是随着电压的增加而蓝移的 ,其光致发光光谱也随着激发波长的改变而改变 ,可能形成了新的发光基团 .     

高发光亮度高效率的异质结聚合物电致发光器件

成功制备了可溶性的空穴型聚合物 PDDOPV [poly （2,5-bis （dodecyloxy）-phenylenevinylene）]与电子型聚合物 PPQ [poly（phenyl quinoxaline）]构成的异质结有机薄膜发光二极管。异质结器件的最高亮度是其本身最低亮度的106倍,是 PDDOPV单层器件的 365倍,而最高效率则是 PDDOPV单层器件的 336倍。异质结器件在正向、反向以及交流驱动下均可获得发光,但在正向和交流驱动下的发光来自PDDOPV,而反向驱动下的发光既有来自 PDDOPV的,也有来自 PPQ的。反向偏压下器件获得发光的原因是高场强使得能带高度倾斜,高度倾斜的结果使得载流子的注入势垒变得足够薄从而被载流子隧穿,从而导致载流子的注入和复合。     

有机-无机复合薄膜电致发光器件中势垒对光电性能的影响

利用无机非晶SiO2与有机聚合物PPV复合制备了异质结器件,研究了不同层之间由于能级匹配而产生的势垒对整个器件的光电性能的影响。对于单层有机器件ITO/PPV/Al及双层有机无机复合器件ITO/PPV/SiO2/Al,空穴的注入取决于ITO/PPV界面的势垒,空穴是多数载流子,发光强度主要取决于电子的注入。单层器件电子的注入能力与PPV/Al界面的势垒有关;双层器件由于引进SiO2层,提高了电子的注入能力,其发光强度和发光效率较单层器件都有改善。对于3层有机-无机复合器件ITO/SiO2/PPV/SiO2/Al,在两个方向上电子注入的势垒不同,电子的注入能力有所差别,交流激发时,当Al电极为负(ITO为正)时,器件的最大瞬时发光强度是当ITO电极为负(Al为正)时最大瞬时发光强度的1.3倍。     

单异质结蓝色有机电致发光器件

为了增加电子注入,蓝色有机电致发光器件中通常包含一层由发绿光的Alq组成的电子传输层,因此器件的发光常常不可避免地要出现Alq本身的发光从而影响器件的发光色纯度.在以胺类衍生物(N,N'- diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'biphenyl-4,4'diamine,TPD)为空穴传输层,DSA衍生物(4,4'-bis (2,2-diphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl, DPVBi)为发光层,当用Liq为电子注入层与Al结合构成复合电极时所制备的双层单异质结蓝色有机电致发光器件中由于去除了Alq而得到色度纯正的DPVBi的发光,同时又保持了较高的发光效率.     

Color‐Temperature Tuning and Control of Trichromatic White Light Emission from a Multisegment ZnCdSSe Heterostructure Nanosheet

Tuning and control of color temperature of trichromatic white light emission is demonstrated for the first time from a single ZnCdSSe nanosheet realized by a novel growth method using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The nanosheets have thicknesses in the range of 60–350 nm and lateral dimensions of tens of micrometers. These nanosheet structures with three or more parallel segments are able to emit the three primary colors of light from a monolithic body and the combination of the emitted light appears as white. Due to temperature dependence of the alloy composition and the spatial profile of the temperature in the CVD chamber, alloy compositions and the widths of individual segments can be controlled by the substrate locations and the growth time, respectively. Such control determines the emission color and relative intensity of each segment, thus resulting in the tuning of the color temperature of the white light, or in the realization of any visible colors. Trichromatic white light emission is demonstrated with the correlated color temperature covering an extensive range from 2700 to 14 400 K using various growth parameters. In addition, a dynamic tuning of colors and color temperature is demonstrated by sweeping a pump beam across a single nanosheet.     

Saturated and Multi‐Colored Electroluminescence from Quantum Dots Based Light Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Novel light emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) are fabricated using CdSe‐CdS (core‐shell) quantum dots (QDs) of tuned size and emission blended with polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) and the ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM‐PF₆). The performances of cells constructed using sequential device layers of indium tin oxide (ITO), poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), the QD/PVK/IL active layer, and Al are evaluated. Only color saturated electroluminescence from the QDs is observed, without any other emissions from the polymer host or the electrolyte. Blue, green, and red QD‐LECs are prepared. The maximum brightness (≈1000 cd m^‐2) and current efficiency (1.9 cd A^‐1) are comparable to polymer LECs and multilayer QD‐LEDs. White‐light QD‐LECs with Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates (0.33, 0.33) are prepared by tuning the mass ratio of R:G:B QDs in the active layer and voltage applied. Transparent QD‐LECs fabricated using transparent silver nanowire (AgNW) composites as the cathode yield an average transmittance greater than 88% over the visible range. Flexible devices are demonstrated by replacing the glass substrates with polyethylene terephthalate (PET).     

多孔硅衬底上ZnS薄膜的白光光致发光

通过脉冲激光沉积（PLD）技术在多孔硅（PS）衬底上制备了ZnS薄膜。用光致发光（PL）的方法观察到白光发射,这个白光是由ZnS薄膜的蓝、绿光和PS的红光叠加形成的。白光光致发光谱是一个从450nm 到700nm的较强的可见光宽谱带。同时研究了激发波长、ZnS薄膜的生长温度、PS的孔隙率和退火温度对ZnS/PS光致发光谱的影响。     

White light photoluminescence from ZnS films on porous Si substrates

ZnS films were deposited on porous Si (PS) substrates using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique.White light emission is observed in photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and the white light is the combination of blue and green emission from ZnS and red emission from PS. The white PL spectra are broad, intense in a visible band ranging from 450 to 700 nm. The effects of the excitation wavelength, growth temperature of ZnS films, PS porosity and annealing temperature on the PL spectra of ZnS/PS were also investigated.     

高效率双发光层结构白色荧光有机电致发光器件

通过将橙色荧光染料Rubrene和蓝色荧光染料BCzVBi分别掺入NPB和DPVBi中作为发光层,制备了结构为ITO/m-MTDATA(30nm)/NPB(20nm)/NPB∶0.5wt% Rubrene(10nm)/DPVBi∶5wt% BCzVBi(15nm)/Bphen(25nm)/LiF(0.6nm)/Al的双发光层结构白色有机荧光电致发光器件。器件发光主要是Rubrene直接俘获载流子和主体材料DPVBi到客体BCzVBi的能量传递两种发光机制竞争的结果。在低压下Rubrene俘获载流子发光占主导地位,导致器件的橙光相对较强,随电压升高主客体能量传递增强,使蓝光相对强度增强。器件最大电流效率为6.5cd/A,最大亮度为16 140cd/m2。亮度从1 000cd/m2增加到10 000cd/m2,器件的发光色坐标从(0.33,0.37)变化到(0.30,0.32),始终处于白光区。     

ZnO/PS异质结的光学和电学性质

用脉冲激光沉积的方法在多孔硅(PS)衬底上沉积ZnO薄膜,在室温下测量了ZnO/PS异质结的结构及光学和电学性质.X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜测量表明,制备的ZnO薄膜具有一定的c轴取向,但薄膜存在较多缺陷.光致发光谱显示,PS的发光与ZnO的发光相叠加,呈现白光发射.对异质结I-V特性曲线的测量表明,异质结呈现出与普通二极管不同的整流特性,其反向电流不饱和,据此提出了能带模型.     

ZnO/PS异质结的光学和电学性质

用脉冲激光沉积的方法在多孔硅(PS)衬底上沉积ZnO薄膜,在室温下测量了ZnO/PS异质结的结构及光学和电学性质.X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜测量表明,制备的ZnO薄膜具有一定的c轴取向,但薄膜存在较多缺陷.光致发光谱显示,PS的发光与ZnO的发光相叠加,呈现白光发射.对异质结I-V特性曲线的测量表明,异质结呈现出与普通二极管不同的整流特性,其反向电流不饱和,据此提出了能带模型.     

White Electroluminescence by Supramolecular Control of Energy Transfer in Blends of Organic‐Soluble Encapsulated Polyfluorenes

Here, it is demonstrated that energy transfer in a blend of semiconducting polymers can be strongly reduced by non‐covalent encapsulation of one constituent, ensured by threading of the conjugated strands into functionalized cyclodextrins. Such macrocycles control the minimum intermolecular distance of chromophores with similar alignment, at the nanoscale, and therefore the relevant energy transfer rates, thus enabling fabrication of white‐light‐emitting diodes (CIE coordinates: x = 0.282, y = 0.336). In particular, white electroluminescence in a binary blend of a blue‐emitting, organic‐soluble rotaxane based on a polyfluorene derivative and the green‐emitting poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole ( F8BT ) is achieved. Morphological and structural analyses by atomic force microscopy, fluorescence mapping, µ‐Raman, and fluorescence lifetime microscopy are used to complement optical and electroluminescence characterization, and to enable a deeper insight into the properties of the novel blend.     

白光有机电致发光器件的研究

白光有机电致发光器件在显示和照明领域有着极大的应用前景，受到人们广泛的关注。本文对白光有机电致发光器件的结构、工作原理、工艺流程、存在的问题等进行了简单的概述，力求总结出制备白光有机发光器件的新途径。