扭力杆装置的柔性与事故支座最佳间隙探讨

某钢厂扭力杆装置与事故支座之间增加了橡胶垫，针对增加橡胶垫后扭力杆装置与事故支座之间初始间隙能否满足扭力杆柔性缓冲性能要求的问题以及增加橡胶垫对扭力杆装置的影响，文中采用理论分析与有限元计算的方法，首先对扭力杆装置的柔性性能进行校核，再通过有限元计算进行验证，最后分析了橡胶垫对扭力杆装置的影响，并提出了合理的改进方案。     

300吨转炉倾动机构扭力杆上部联接座断裂分析

当今钢铁厂大多采用转炉顶底复合吹炼转炉炼钢。转炉倾动基本都采取扭力杆装置进行减震来确保安全,由于转炉倾动为大扭矩,低转速,采取扭力杆结构,对减速装置的安全起到了至关重要的作用。本文简单的介绍了一种300吨转炉倾动装置及扭力杆的工作原理,结合一次扭力杆连接座故障,对某300吨转炉扭力杆联接座进行分析计算,从而根据现场实际情况制定对应措施。     

汽车扭力杆预扭强化及预扭机床的研制

介绍了汽车扭力杆预扭强化及其工艺要求、汽车扭力杆预扭强化机床的组成及测控系统。该机床用以对轻型卡车不同长度的左、右扭力杆进行预扭强化,并输出扭力杆预扭转矩转角曲线,给出扭力杆预扭后的刚度和变形残余角度。     

转炉倾动装置扭力杆结构的优化设计

扭力杆是全悬挂转炉倾动装置中的关键设备,其原理是利用扭力杆本体的扭转弹性变形来平衡转炉转动工作时的倾动力矩,确保了整个倾动装置的安全、平稳、长寿地运行。转炉倾动装置扭力杆在实际选用时,如果选用不当或设计不合理,会对倾动自身设备带来损伤,若扭力杆若刚度太大,反向的冲击力对倾动齿轮损害较大,如齿形断裂,大大减少齿轮箱的使用寿命,相反,扭力杆设计选用直径偏小,造成其工作扭转角度过大,超过单位扭转角,又或疲劳损伤造成扭力杆的断裂,引起重大生产安全事故,所以扭力杆的设计尤为关键,合理的扭力杆设计能使转炉倾动时晃动小,运行平稳,无异响,倾动齿轮箱设备寿命长,生产维护也少。通过运用实例,分别运用传统力学计算和三维建模有限元分析方法,对转炉扩容后的扭力杆的强度和刚度进行了核算;并根据核算结果,对扭力杆的结构进行了优化设计,解决了转炉倾动过程中的异响和磨损问题,使得扭力杆的设计更加合理,整个倾动装置运行平稳,扭力杆寿命显著提高。     

汽车扭力杆预扭强化及预扭机床的研制

介绍了汽车扭力杆预扭强化及其工艺要求。汽车扭力杆预扭强化机床的组成及测控系统。该机床已完成研制。用以对轻型卡车不同长度的左、右扭力杆进行预扭强化。并输出扭力杆预扭转矩转角曲线。给出扭力杆预扭后的刚度和变形残余角度。     

转炉倾动机构中扭力杆的校核

简要介绍了转炉倾动机构的结构形式、扭力杆装置的作用及工作原理,并以实际的生产项目为例对扭力杆进行了校核计算和有限元分析。     

转炉扭力杆的失效分析与修复研究

转炉扭力杆是转炉倾动系统中的关键部件,易发生失效断裂。应用金相检验和宏观断口分析方法对转炉扭力杆断裂的失效进行了分析,结果表明,转炉扭力杆失效断裂属高应力低周次多源的疲劳破坏。提出了断裂杆修复方案,用有限元方法进行强度校核,验证修复技术方案的安全性和可靠性。理论计算表明其修复方案安全可靠,实践也证明修复工艺技术和机械性能满足了生产使用要求。     

新型转炉旋转接头扭力杆防转装置及强度分析

转炉系统中防转装置用以确保旋转接头的安全运转,对比分析转炉H架型旋转接头防转装置和扭力杆型防转装置,应用有限元法对扭力杆型防转装置的重要部件——外套和扭力杆系统进行了正常工作下两种工况的应力应变仿真分析,计算结果表明,20000N-m和40000Nm载荷下,外套的安全系数分别为,n1=9．42和n2：4．7,扭力杆装置安全系数分别为n3=3．2和n4=1．6,旋转接头扭力杆型防转装置主要部件应力均低于材料的许用应力,满足实际使用要求,能有效的缓冲旋转冲击负荷,安全性、可靠性高,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

转炉倾动柔性支承系统的疲劳分析

本文应用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS,对某30 t转炉倾动装置的扭力杆柔性支承系统进行疲劳寿命分析,得出了当柔性支承系统的关键零件扭力杆采用不同材料时的系统的疲劳寿命,为同类柔性支承系统的设计与优化提供理论依据。     

第一件塑料制成的发动机扭力杆

德国Cont inental公司的分公司ContiTech Vibration Control与巴斯夫（BASF）合作开发出据称是第一件用塑料制成的发动机扭力杆。该扭力杆可以承受很高的机械载荷。迄今为止，发动机支架、轴承支架和扭力杆等高承载部件全部是由铝或钢制造的。     

Histochemical and ultrahistochemical localization of heavy metals in calf organs

Cadmium, zinc, selenium, and copper were administered, singly or in combination, orally or subcutaneously. Experiment I included 32 calves of both sexes; six received Cd (two groups), Zn, Cd, and Zn, and Cd and Se (two groups) and one group was a control. In Experiment II (21 bulls), three were given Cd, Cd, and Cu, and Cd and Zn, respectively, and one group was a control. For light microscopy, in Experiment I the highest amounts of silver granules were present in the samples of liver, small intestine, and vesicular gland of all the exposed groups; in Experiment II the most affected organs were liver, kidney, and small intestine. For electron microscopy, in Experiment I, after administration of Cd and Zn, the highest amounts of granules were seen in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and the lowest amounts were found in glandular cells of the pancreas. Administration of Cd and Se resulted in the presence of large numbers of granules in the nuclei and nucleoli of spermatogonies. In Experiment II, ingestion of Cd and Zn in feed led to the appearance of highest amounts of granules in the nucleoli, nuclei, and cytoplasm of cells in testes, kidneys, and pancreas. Following Cd intake, the highest accumulation of granules was observed in the nucleoli of hepatocytes and cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules. Combined Cd and Cu produced the highest number of granules in cells of the proximal and distal renal tubules and in the nucleoli and nuclei of germinal epithelium.     

Discussion on advanced manufacturing

Advanced manufacturing consists of continuity of manufacturing, its broad sense, and the core of the manufacturing process. The technology of continuous manufacturing is discussed according to both historical and modern perspectives. The relationship between human development and manufacturing technology is also discussed. Manufacturing is a continuously evolving topic. It is not only the foundation and means of imagination, conception, the science, and the technology of material change, but also the expression of national economy, national defense, and the support industries. The broad sense of manufacturing theory, which extends the concept of manufacturing, is an important development in the 20th century. The sense is analyzed in connection with design, material forming theory, synthesis of manufacturing technology, manufacturing modes, life cycle of product, hardware and software, and support environment, etc. At the same time, the core action and the development of the theory and technology of process is also discussed. At the end of this paper, the development directions of mechanical manufacturing science and technology are mentioned.     

可展开固体反射面机构设计及运动学分析

针对传统固体反射面机构主反射面型面精度和收拢率较低的问题,设计了一种可展开固体反射面机构。首先,提出4种固体反射面机构可展单元构型并对其机构自由度进行分析,对比分析构型方案优缺点确定构型方案4作为可展单元基础构型,并对其结构和展开原理进行详细设计。通过D-H坐标变换建立该机构可展单元的运动学模型,根据几何约束条件建立机构位置矢量方程,利用向量封闭投影法解出各回转角间的关系,结合MATLAB软件编程对机构的位置、速度和加速度进行分析。应用ADAMS软件建立机构仿真模型,验证了机构运动学分析的正确性。最后根据机构中回转角的限制条件和结构尺寸关系,分析回转角和结构尺寸对可展开固体反射面机构收拢率的影响,确定2.2m可展开固体反射面机构的回转角和旋转角分别为78°和30°,中心圆盘半径、铰支座一孔纵向尺寸、切换连杆横向尺寸、纵向尺寸分别为245,8,40,18mm,收拢率为0.326,从而为可展开固体反射面机构的设计提供参考。     

智能垃圾分拣系统的模拟与实现

针对当今世界城市生活垃圾不断增长造成的自然环境污染和资源浪费等问题,对我国和欧美等发达国家的城市生活垃圾分类收集和分类处理方面进行了对比研究,对发达国家在城市生活垃圾处理过程中的安全分类处理方式和垃圾再利用策略进行了归纳,结合国内外垃圾分类处理所遇到的问题和不足,设计制造出了一套实现垃圾桶颜色识别、路线识别、机械手动作和到达指定位置的自动化垃圾分拣系统模型,利用Code Warrior 5.0软件开发平台对系统程序在线调试,通过系统的反复运行对智能分拣小车的自动寻迹进行了累积误差统计试验.研究结果表明,智能垃圾分拣系统的累积误差波动稳定,寻迹的能力比较准确、可靠,实现了垃圾自动分拣的过程,为工业的应用实现提供了有利的参考和理论依据.     

电过滤纸喷雾离子源的性能优化及应用研究

常压离子源是质谱技术在生命科学、环境保护、医药卫生、食品安全等领域的研究热点之一.随着质谱分析技术的应用范围越来越广,直接快速分析复杂体系的化合物组成和含量越发重要.本工作基于已研制的小型化离子阱质谱和电过滤纸喷雾离子源,对其分析性能和应用进行深入研究.以提高质谱信号强度和检测灵敏度为目标,对所用滤纸的孔径、离子源尖端...     

Fixed-point and stratified analysis of the fine structure and composition of five gallstones with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) specular reflection spectroscopy

By investigating the identities, amounts, and distributions of the major components of human gallstones, the formation mechanism of calculi may be elucidated. Using FT-IR specular reflection spectroscopy, the compositions of five common types of gallstones, including cholesterol calculus, bile pigment calculus, cholesterol-bilirubin calculus, mixed calculus, and black stones, were positionally, qualitatively, and quantitatively analyzed. Several organic and inorganic substances were found in human gallstones, including cholesterol, calcium bilirubinate, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and calcium stearate. Among them, cholesterol and calcium bilirubinate were the main components. The amounts of these substances varied in different types of gallstone. The distributions of cholesterol and calcium salts (with the exception of calcium bilirubinate) were also closely associated with location. In the various calculi, the amounts of cholesterol and calcium bilirubinate in the cores, the layered structures outside the cores, and the outer shells were higher than those of other substances. The identities of the major components of calculi were similar in different types of gallstones, but their amounts and distributions were significantly different. The analytical method used in this study, which was able to accurately determine the location, quality, and quantity of the major components of gallstones, would be an effective tool to study the formation mechanism of calculi.     

人-椅8自由度车辆系统的平顺性和稳定性研究

文中在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了人-椅8自由度车辆系统仿真模型,在仿真分析时考虑汽车前、后轮之间的延迟性,以路面随机信号作为输入激励,研究了汽车平顺性的时频特性,且分别通过4个轮胎的输入激励研究了汽车的稳定性.研究结果表明:路面输入为随机信号时,车身垂直加速度,车身俯仰角加速度,人-椅垂直加速度,前、后悬架...     

Wear mechanism of disc-brake block material for new type of drilling rig

To improve friction and wear performance and service life of the disc-brake pair material of a drilling rig, a new type of asbestos-free frictional material with better performance for disc-brake blocks is developed, and its wear mechanism is investigated by friction and wear experiments. Topography and elementary components of the brake block’s wear surface are analyzed by employing SEM and EDAX patterns, revealing its tribological behaviour and wear mechanism. When the frictional temperature is lower, the surface film of the brake block is thinner, dense, smooth with plasticity, and divided into the mixture area, Fe-abundant area, carbon-abundant area and spalling area. The mixture area consists of various constituents of frictional pairs without ploughing and rolling trace. The Fe-abundant area mainly consists of iron and other constituents. The carbon-abundant area is the zone where graphite and organic fibre are comparatively gathered, while the spalling area is the zone where the surface film is spalled and its surface is rough and uneven, with a loose and denuded state. During the period of high frictional temperature, the frictional surface is also divided into the mixture area, Fe-abundant area and spalling area. In this case, the mixture area consists of abrasive dust from friction pairs, and the surface film is distributed with crumby hard granules, exiguous oxide, carbide granules and sheared slender fibre. The Fe-abundant area is mostly an oxide layer of iron with a flaky distribution. Fracture and spalling traces as well as an overlapping structure of multilayer surface films can be easily found on the surface film. The components of the spalling area are basically the same as that of the matrix. At the beginning of wear, the hard peaks from the friction surface of the disc-brake plough on the surface of the brake block. With increasing frictional temperature, the friction surface begins to soften and expand, and oxidized wear occurs at the same time. During the high-temperature wear period, severely influenced by friction heat, obvious softening and plastic flow can be found on the friction surface of the brake block, its anti-shearing ability is weakened, and adhesive wear is intensified. Thermal decomposition of cohesive material in the brake block is simultaneously strengthened, so that constituents shed due to loss of adhesion. Organic fibre is in a flowing state and obviously generates drawing, shearing, carbonization and oxidization. In addition, thermal cracking, thermal oxidization, carbonization and cyclization of organic substances on the surface of brake block can make the friction surface produce pores or cracks, thus fatigue wear occurs.     

Considerations for the incorporation of measured surfaces in finite element models

This work discusses some of the benefits, techniques, challenges, and considerations associated with the incorporation of measured surfaces in finite element (FE) models including how much surface data to measure and import into the model, the shape of the surface geometry to create, the presence and effect of surface layers and impurities, the required mesh density for rough surfaces, the nature of the element formulations and material properties at small length scales, the differences between measurement and FE coordinate systems, the limitations and idealizations of the FE method, issues associated with boundary conditions and their ability to impose or prevent conformal contact, and issues associated with the size of the pinball region and the contact stiffness relative to the nature of the surface. It also describes some current and future research directions that can be used to validate and expand existing techniques and to improve our understanding of surface phenomena.     

Effects of polydatin on the proliferation,migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer

To investigate the effects of polydatin on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer, the change of proliferative ability, migration ability, and invasive ability of human ovarian cancer cell OVCAR-3, A2780, and HO-8910 was detected by using polydatin and up-regulating PI3K. The anticancer activity and mechanism of polydatin in ovarian cancer were analyzed. Polydatin could effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OVCAR-3, A2780, and HO-8910, and inhibit the expression of PI3K protein. After the expression level of PI3K protein was up-regulated, the inhibitory effect of polydatin on the proliferative ability, migration ability, and invasive ability of OVCAR-3, A2780, and HO-8910 significantly decreased, suggesting that PI3K was the target of polydatin. Therefore, we concluded that polydatin could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting the expression of PI3K protein, which provides an experimental basis for polydatin in the treatment of ovarian cancer.