大麦麦苗粉辐射杀菌工艺研究

研究了大麦麦苗粉经60Co γ射线辐照杀菌效果以及对其主要成分的影响.结果表明,辐照处理可有效地杀灭麦苗粉中的菌落总数、霉菌、大肠菌群.辐照对其主要成分蛋白质、总糖、游离氨基酸、粗纤维无显著变化.但维生素E的含量随辐照剂量的增加而下降,辐照10kG比对照下降约35%.建议大麦麦苗粉的商业化辐照加工剂量为7.5-10kGy.     

辐照对板鸭保藏及其品质影响的研究

研究了板鸭的辐照保藏以及辐照对板鸭的感官性质,蛋白质和脂肪的性质、组成,亚硝酸盐残留量等的影响。结果表明:板鸭的辐照保藏可选用1—5kGy的剂量;辐照的剂量为5kGy时,板鸭的颜色和气昧开始发生质变;随剂量增加,颜色由鲜红→暗→灰褐,10 kGy时变为灰色,同时辐照影响了板鸭的特征风味;低于10 kGy剂量的辐照对板鸭的蛋白质降解、氨基酸(除含硫的胱氨酸和半胱氨酸随剂量增大明显下降外)组成及脂肪性质、脂肪酸组成无明显影响,但蛋白质的结构却随剂量的增加而变得越来越松散,易于被胰蛋白酶水解;低于5 kGy的剂量辐照对亚硝酸盐含量无明显影响,大于5 kGy时亚硝酸盐含量明显上升。     

辐照对板鸭保藏及其品质影响的研究

研究了板鸭的辐照保藏以及辐照对板鸭的感官性质,蛋白质和脂肪的性质、组成,亚硝酸盐残留量等的影响。结果表明:板鸭的辐照保藏可选用1—5kGy的剂量;辐照的剂量为5kGy时,板鸭的颜色和气昧开始发生质变;随剂量增加,颜色由鲜红→暗→灰褐,10 kGy时变为灰色,同时辐照影响了板鸭的特征风味;低于10 kGy剂量的辐照对板鸭的蛋白质降解、氨基酸(除含硫的胱氨酸和半胱氨酸随剂量增大明显下降外)组成及脂肪性质、脂肪酸组成无明显影响,但蛋白质的结构却随剂量的增加而变得越来越松散,易于被胰蛋白酶水解;低于5 kGy的剂量辐照对亚硝酸盐含量无明显影响,大于5 kGy时亚硝酸盐含量明显上升。     

辐照猪肉产生的2-十二烷基环丁酮剂量检测及其微波加热影响

以2-十二烷基环丁酮(2-DCB)为检测目标物,使用60Coγ射线在1-10 kGy辐照剂量下对猪肉进行辐照,用气质联用仪(GC-MS)进行定量分析,显示2-DCB浓度与辐照剂量呈线性关系,从而计算出辐照加工猪肉盲样的辐照剂量-1.19 kGy.对辐照后的猪肉进行微波加热,发现微波加热方式对2-DCB基本没有影响.     

高剂量辐照猪肉的挥发物、脂氧化和感官特征分析

经蛋白酶钝化与真空包装的猪里脊肉样品在-20℃作最高剂量达45kGy的^60Coγ射线辐照。观察或测定了辐照猪肉的感官特征变化、挥发物产生和脂氧化。实验结果表明,辐照味与脂氧化无关,而蛋白质辐解产物可能是辐照味的来源。志愿者品尝结果表明,辐照猪肉并无不易接受的感官特征变化。     

纤维素的辐射裂解及其化学性质

纤维素经高能射线辐照,能产生一系列的化学和物理性质的变化。本文报道在不同剂量的~(60)Coγ射线辐照下,稻草中的水溶性糖、易水解糖、难水解糖,以及氨基酸、蛋白质等物质的化学变化;用辐射与加泡涨剂相结合的方法处理稻草,可以降低剂量、提高效应。     

电子束辐照对美国红鱼肉营养成分的影响

采用不同剂量（0、1、3、5、7和9kGy）的电子束处理普通和真空包装的美国红鱼肉,研究电子束辐照对红鱼肉营养成分的影响。（1）辐照剂量对红鱼肉的水分含量影响显著,对灰分、蛋白质、脂肪、总糖含量无显著影响,包装形式对辐照红鱼肉一般营养成分的影响均不显著。（2）包装形式和辐照剂量对红鱼肉的氨基酸总量、呈味氨基酸及必需氨基酸与总氨基酸比（Essential amino acid／total amino acid,EAA／TAA）和必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸比（Essential amino acid／nonessential amino acid,EAA／NEAA）均无显著影响,辐照后红鱼肉的第一限制性氨基酸由蛋氨酸＋半胱氨酸变成缬氨酸。（3）辐照剂量、包装形式对红鱼肉中脂肪酸总量影响不显著。辐照剂量对红鱼肉的不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、二十二碳六烯酸（Docosahexaenoic acid,DHA）的相对含量均有显著影响,真空包装鱼肉的DHA损失率低于普通包装,低剂量组鱼肉的DHA损失率低于高剂量组。结合电子束辐照对美国红鱼肉的杀菌效果,辐照剂量控制在3—5kGy为宜。     

茶叶堆码辐照工艺研究

研究了茶叶堆码辐照工艺,测定了产品箱中的辐照吸收剂量、剂量不均匀度,结果表明,对于花蓝结构的辐照装置,必须控制好辐照产品箱的前后翻身,上下对调,不均匀度可控制在 μ<2 以内。测定分析了茶多酚、氨基酸总量与吸收剂量的关系,提出了茶叶辐照剂量为 3—6kGy。     

符离集烧鸡辐射保鲜研究

符离集烧鸡是安徽省名特产品,但它的保藏时间很短,即使在冬季也只能存放1～2天。为解决此问题,我们建立了γ辐照保藏的方法。我们测定和分析了辐照和未辐照烧鸡的氨基酸含量,挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)和细菌数目。为进一步了解辐射对蛋白质、肽键及氨基酸的作用,我们以纯蛋白质水溶液和混合氨基酸水溶液为模式体系进行辐照研究,并测定了模式体系中氨基酸含量的变化,研究了气氛对辐照的影响。所有试验结果表明,γ辐照保藏符离集烧鸡的方法是有效而安全卫生的。     

松花粉辐射灭菌及贮藏效果的研究

利用＾６０Ｃｏγ射线松花粉进行辐照消毒灭菌。６ＫＧｙ辐照剂量对松花粉的杂菌杀死９０％，室温下贮藏二年后，对蛋白质、氨基酸、微量元素等营养成分进行分析表明，６－１２ＫＧｙ辐照灭菌剂量对松花营养成分基本上没有影响。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.     

Gamma radiation levels in the ambient environment of the QNPP Base

Monitoring results of gamma dose rate level in 1992～2004 in the ambient environment of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plants(QNPP)Base,the northeast of Zhejiang Province,are reported in this paper.It is shown that the gamma dose rate of five monitoring sites of 2.5 km to QNPP Base is 84～113 nGy/h,with an average of 96 nGy/h in the 13 years.The average value is close to the background level of 93 nGy/h prior to operation of the QNPP Base,and is lower than the monitoring result of 101 nGy/h at the reference site in Hangzhou City.Within 50 km from the QNPP Base,the cumulative dose rate of the thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)is 90 nGy/h,which is lower than the back- ground level of 111 nGy/h.