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针对因不同故障的样本数目不平衡造成卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,简称CNN)对少数类样本识别准确率偏低的缺陷,采用将一种最小最大化目标函数融入卷积神经网络结构的对策,提出一种适用于故障数据不平衡的最小最大化目标函数卷积神经网络(min-max objective CNN,简称M... 相似文献
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为了在支持向量机(support vector machine,简称SVM)中合理引入代价敏感机制来降低故障误诊断的代价,提出一种多分类SVM的代价敏感加权故障诊断方法。该方法通过对多分类SVM的硬判决得票矩阵进行代价敏感加权,将故障误诊断的代价作为权重融入SVM的硬判决,并分析硬判决的得票数和得票权重,从而构造出各故障的概率分配,最终实现多分类故障的SVM代价敏感加权诊断及概率输出。实验结果表明,多分类SVM代价敏感加权处理的诊断结果更趋向于高代价故障,所提方法能够有效降低故障误诊断的代价。 相似文献
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在设备故障诊断过程中,数据集中正负分类样本数量相差较为悬殊等数据不平衡问题会导致诊断准确率降低。为减少由于正负类样本不均衡而导致的误判,提高设备故障诊断准确率,提出一种代价敏感方法。该方法借助Boosting方法,通过多次概率采样生成多个模型,并确定每个模型的权重。其中采样的概率取决于代价调整值,所提方法在每一个迭代过程中根据上一次迭代的结果对代价调整值进行调整。通过实验,并与其他方法进行对比,结果表明与采用固定的代价敏感值及非代价敏感方法相比,提出的方法具有更好的表现。 相似文献
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深度学习善于从海量的数据中挖掘越来越抽象的特征并具有良好的泛化能力,受到了越来越多的研究人员的关注,而卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)则是其深度学习中一种经典而广泛应用的结构,在计算机视觉、目标检测、自然语言处理、语音识别等领域成效卓越。在详细分析机械系统故障诊断的现状和需求的基础上,首先介绍了CNN的典型结构,然后从数据输入类型、网络结构设计、迁移学习等方面对CNN在机械故障领域的应用进行了归纳总结,研究CNN应用的深层次特征提取与可视化等问题,最后,分析机械故障诊断中存在的困难,并展望了CNN在机械故障诊断领域应用中待研究解决的若干问题。 相似文献
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针对故障诊断领域存在的不考虑误诊断代价以及提出泛化能力强的诊断规则难等问题,提出了一种代价敏感直推式学习故障诊断方法。基于Kolmogorov算法随机性理论和代价敏感学习最小期望误分类代价准则提出了代价敏感直推式分类机制,并在此基础上设计了用于故障诊断的CsTCM-kNN算法。通过旋转机械轴系故障代价敏感诊断实验,验证了该方法能够有效地降低误诊断代价,且保证较高的诊断准确率。 相似文献
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Xu WANG Hongyang GU Tianyang WANG Wei ZHANG Aihua LI Fulei CHU 《Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering》2021,16(4):814-828
The fault diagnosis of bearings is crucial in ensuring the reliability of rotating machinery. Deep neural networks have provided unprecedented opportunities to condition monitoring from a new perspective due to the powerful ability in learning fault-related knowledge. However, the inexplicability and low generalization ability of fault diagnosis models still bar them from the application. To address this issue, this paper explores a decision-tree-structured neural network, that is, the deep convolutional tree-inspired network (DCTN), for the hierarchical fault diagnosis of bearings. The proposed model effectively integrates the advantages of convolutional neural network (CNN) and decision tree methods by rebuilding the output decision layer of CNN according to the hierarchical structural characteristics of the decision tree, which is by no means a simple combination of the two models. The proposed DCTN model has unique advantages in 1) the hierarchical structure that can support more accuracy and comprehensive fault diagnosis, 2) the better interpretability of the model output with hierarchical decision making, and 3) more powerful generalization capabilities for the samples across fault severities. The multiclass fault diagnosis case and cross-severity fault diagnosis case are executed on a multicondition aeronautical bearing test rig. Experimental results can fully demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method. 相似文献
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Convolutional neural network (CNN) has achieved remarkable applications in fault diagnosis. However, the tuning aiming at obtaining the well-trained CNN model is mainly manual search. Tuning requires considerable experiences on the knowledge on CNN training and fault diagnosis, and is always time consuming and labor intensive, making the automatic hyper parameter optimization (HPO) of CNN models essential. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel automatic CNN (ACNN) for fault diagnosis, which can automatically tune its three key hyper parameters, namely, learning rate, batch size, and L2-regulation. First, a new deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is developed, and it constructs an agent aiming at controlling these three hyper parameters along with the training of CNN models online. Second, a new structure of DRL is designed by combining deep deterministic policy gradient and long short-term memory, which takes the training loss of CNN models as its input and can output the adjustment on these three hyper parameters. Third, a new training method for ACNN is designed to enhance its stability. Two famous bearing datasets are selected to evaluate the performance of ACNN. It is compared with four commonly used HPO methods, namely, random search, Bayesian optimization, tree Parzen estimator, and sequential model-based algorithm configuration. ACNN is also compared with other published machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods. The results show that ACNN outperforms these HPO and ML/DL methods, validating its potential in fault diagnosis. 相似文献
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Qun CHAO Haohan GAO Jianfeng TAO Chengliang LIU Yuanhang WANG Jian ZHOU 《Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering》2022,17(3):36
Axial piston pumps have wide applications in hydraulic systems for power transmission. Their condition monitoring and fault diagnosis are essential in ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire hydraulic system. Vibration and discharge pressure signals are two common signals used for the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps because of their sensitivity to pump health conditions. However, most of the previous fault diagnosis methods only used vibration or pressure signal, and literatures related to multi-sensor data fusion for the pump fault diagnosis are limited. This paper presents an end-to-end multi-sensor data fusion method for the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps. The vibration and pressure signals under different pump health conditions are fused into RGB images and then recognized by a convolutional neural network. Experiments were performed on an axial piston pump to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed multi-sensor data fusion method greatly improves the fault diagnosis of axial piston pumps in terms of accuracy and robustness and has better diagnostic performance than other existing diagnosis methods. 相似文献
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针对传统的机械故障诊断方法的局限性,提出将人工神经网络应用于机械故障诊断中。由于BP算法存在收敛速度慢及易陷入局部极小等缺陷,利用实数编码改进遗传算法对神经网络的权值和阈值进行优化训练,并把训练好的神经网络用于机械振动信号预测及机械故障诊断中。通过对机械设备振动信号的预测,可以及早发现故障,及时消除故障隐患,为企业节省大量的维修时间和维修费用,提高企业的生产率。 相似文献
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基于深度学习框架Caffe和具有强大计算能力的GPU,运用深度神经网络AlexNet和GoogleNet,对具有不同背景的汽车图像进行网络训练,以达到车辆自动识别的目的。分别对4类车标进行网络训练与测试,实验结果表明,在图像识别分类方面,与传统识别方法相比,深度卷积神经网络更具优势。 相似文献
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智能故障诊断与预测技术在工业实际中得到了广泛地应用,但仍存在以下局限性:1)将不同退化程度的同类型故障作为多种不同的故障模式进行分类识别,脱离了工程应用的实际; 2)基于特定数据训练的诊断模型工况泛化能力差。针对上述问题,提出一种多任务特征共享神经网络,并将其应用于轴承的智能故障诊断与预测。首先,利用卷积神经网络(CNN)构建自适应特征提取器,从原始振动信号中提取深层次特征;其次,同时建立分类与预测的多任务特征共享诊断模型,实现故障类型分类以及故障尺寸预测。最后,通过凯斯西储大学轴承数据集验证了所提方法。试验结果表明:所提方法不但能同时实现对故障类型的分类以及故障尺寸的预测,而且具有较强的工况泛化能力。 相似文献
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一种基于BP神经网络模拟电路故障诊断新方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
模拟电路故障诊断就是一个模式分类识别问题。本文提出了一种新的模拟电路故障特征向量提取方法——分布节点电压和电流的组合信息作为模拟电路的故障特征向量,应用BP神经网络改进算法进行模拟电路故障诊断,实验证明所提出的方法是可行的。也是很有价值和潜力的。 相似文献