Photoluminescence, Raman, and infrared diagnosis of GaAs-AlGaAssuperlattices for intersubband infrared detection

We present optical diagnosis of GaAs-AlGaAs superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy for use as 8-20 μm infrared detectors, that combines photoluminescence, Raman, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Various structural and physical parameters were obtained by theoretical analysis of the optical results. The use of multiple optical techniques offers comprehensive characterization and further understanding of the physics of long wavelength infrared detectors     

具有立体效应的氯化四（邻烷基苯基）卟啉合铁的合成及光谱

利用改进的方法合成了六种具有立体效应的氯化四（邻烷基苯基）卟啉合铁（Ｔ（ｏ－Ｒ）ＰＰＦｅＣｌ，Ｒ＝甲基，乙基，正丙基，正丁基，异丙基，叔丁基），其中五种是新合成的化合物．这些铁卟啉的红外光谱显示出外卟啉环上取代基的立体效应对铁－氯键没有影响．与其它取代四苯基铁卟啉比较，氯化四（邻叔丁基苯基）卟啉合铁的可见吸收光谱发生了红移．这说明叔丁基大的立体作用，使四苯基卟啉环相对扁平．邻烷基苯甲醛的取代基的立体效应严重地降低了邻烷基苯甲醛与吡咯的缩合以及相应卟啉的金属化反应．     

Tabletop Resonant Infrared Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation of Light-Emitting Organic Thin Films

Structural optimization of light-emitting polymer, or organic semiconductor, thin films deposited by tabletop 2.9 mum resonant infrared matrix-assisted pulsed evaporation (RIR-MAPLE) is investigated. Surface morphology of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-(1-cyanovinylene) phenylene] (MEH-CN-PPV) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) films are analyzed using optical and atomic force microscopy. These films are deposited using different target-to-substrate distances, ambient base pressures, laser fluences, and substrate temperatures, and with different target compositions comprising tetrahydrofuran (THF), chlorobenzene, toluene, o -xylene, chloroform, phenol:THF, and phenol:water. The corresponding optical behavior and chemical structure of the deposited films is investigated with photoluminescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The use of a novel RIR-MAPLE emulsion target recipe enables the successful incorporation of MEH-CN-PPV and MEH-PPV polymers into ice matrices, and an MEH-PPV thin film with near-featureless surface morphology and an unprecedented rms surface roughness of 0.292 nm is demonstrated.     

医用红外测温仪测量误差分析及补偿试验研究

为提高医用红外测温仪的测量精度,达到快速准确测量人体体温的要求,综合分析发射率、测量距离、环境温度等对红外测温误差的影响,设计了发射率、测量距离、环境温度3个因素的单因素试验和正交试验,利用MATLAB软件建立人体温度测量值与测量距离、环境温度等多元线性回归模型,设计红外测温仪温度测量补偿方法及软件。试验数据分析表明：红外测温最大误差范围达-5.0~-0.22℃,环境温度和测量距离对红外测温影响显著;补偿后的红外测温误差范围在-0.13~0.11℃,能够满足人体体温测量的精度要求。     

基于注意力密集网络的伪彩色红外与 可见光图像融合

针对现有红外与可见光图像融合算法中存在融合图像的纹理细节不清晰,红外信息和纹理细节的显示不平衡等问 题,提出了一种基于注意力密集网络的伪彩色红外与可见光图像融合方法。首先对灰度的红外图像进行伪彩色处理再与彩 色的可见光图像组成多通道数据输入融合网络。其次,设计了一种由卷积层和带有注意力模块的密集连接块组成的生成器 网络结构,关注源图像的关键信息,增强网络提取源图像信息的能力。最后,利用红外像素、可见光像素、可见光梯度和红外 梯度构建内容损失函数,以保持融合图像中红外目标和纹理细节的平衡。与5种具有代表性的融合方法进行定性和定量比 较。结果表明,该方法所获得融合图像的峰值信噪比、信息熵、平均梯度和互信息取得最优值,分别为31.6841、6.5581、 6.0096、3.0960。定量以及定性结果证明所提融合方法使融合图像具有更为丰富的纹理细节以及良好的视觉效果。     

基于单片机控制的跳远自动测量设备的研制

本设备以单片机为核心,通过控制多对红外发射和接收元件,利用探测发射的红外线的方法来完成立定跳远中起跳是否违规和跳远距离的测定,单片机通过RS232-485接口和上位PC机通信,把采集到数据发送给PC机。PC机进行判断和计算后自动记录成绩和完成排序整理,即时播报是否违规和跳远成绩,该设备有效测量范围3.84m,测量误差小于1cm,整体检测周期小于0.1s,满足了实际测量要求,实现了跳远的自动化测量,大大提高的了工作效率。     

The new design of an infrared-controlled human-computer interface for the disabled.

This paper reports on the development of an eyeglass- type infrared (IR)-controlled computer interface for the disabled. This system may serve to assist those who suffer from spinal cord injuries or other handicaps to operate a computer. This system is comprised of three major components: 1) an infrared transmitting module, 2) an infrared receiving/signal-processing module, and 3) a main controller, the Intel-8951 microprocessor. The infrared transmitting module utilizes tongue-touch circuitry which is converted to an infrared beam and a low power laser (<0.1 mW) beam. The infrared receiving/signal-processing module, receives the infrared beam and fine tunes the unstable infrared beam into standard pulses which are used as control signals. The main controller is responsible for detecting the input signals from the infrared receiving/signal-processing module and verifying these signals with the mapping table in its memory. After the signal is verified, it is released to control the keys of the computer keyboard and mouse interface. This design concept was mainly based on the idea that the use of an infrared remote module fastened to the eyeglasses could allow the convenient control of the input motion on the keys of a computer keyboard and mouse which are all modified with infrared receiving/signal-processing modules. The system is designed for individuals with spinal cord injuries and disabled in which the subjects' movement are severely restricted. The infrared transmitting module can be easily mounted on eyeglasses or artificial limbs.     

基于臀部红外测量的神经网络体温算法研究

红外测体温的精度受到多种因素的影响,具有非线性和高度复杂性的特点。为了提高红外测体温的精度,分析了环境温度、测量距离、发射率等对红外测体温精度的影响。研究了基于臀部的红外体温测量方法,建立了由臀部体表温度转化为人体实际体温的温度场扩散模型,利用偏最小二乘法和人工神经网络对温度场模型进行优化补偿,有效的解决了各影响因素之间多重相关性的问题和补偿模型的非线性问题,提高了系统的可靠性。实验结果表明,所提出的红外测体温补偿模型测温误差范围在-0.12~0.11℃,具有更高的测量精度且适应性更强。     

红外静脉辅助定位系统设计

红外静脉辅助定位系统是一种非接触式、安全、无痛苦的医疗辅助系统.根据近红外光可以被血液强烈吸收而被其他人体组织散射的特性,本文设计并实现了红外手背静脉辅助定位系统.系统采用均匀红外光源进行照明,利用光学传感器摄取包含人体静脉信息的红外图像.在嵌入式平台上对采集到的图像进行增强处理,把处理后的静脉血管灰度图像送至LCD显示屏,得到与现实大小成1∶1的静脉血管图像.实验结果表明,采用嵌入式技术进行静脉辅助定位的设计是可行的.     

红外诊断技术在高压换流站应用探讨

红外诊断技术通过分析电力设备温度数据和红外图像,能够方便、及时地发现设备缺陷。对换流站历年发热情况进行了统计分析,对红外诊断工作中的若干问题进行了探讨,并分析了DL／T664—2008标准在现场的实施情况,发现当正常相对应点温升较小时,难以判断设备的缺陷性质。因此,一种更加完善的缺陷判据模型有待进一步研究。     

某型红外探测系统中1553B总线通信设计与实现

为满足某型红外探测系统中1553B总线通信高实时性的要求,通过对1553B协议特点的研究,提出了一种基于FPGA的1553B总线接口方案,并详细介绍了该方案在某型红外探测系统中的硬件和软件实现方法。某型导弹的红外探测系统用于对空间弱小目标进行实时跟踪,要求通信具有良好的实时性,以达到对探测系统工作参数实时调整的目的,采用BU 65170作为1553B协议执行单元,FPGA作为核心控制单元,控制BU 65170对总线消息进行实时读写并对接收的信息进行解析处理。通过仿真和实验测试,验证了该方案实现1553B总线通信的实时性与稳定性,为某型红外探测系统中高实时性的1553B通信提供了一种可行性方案。     

基于多特征融合的红外弱小目标检测

为解决红外弱小目标检测领域中基于单类先验知识的人类视觉系统检测方法检测准确率低、虚警率高以及显著图计算复杂等问题,提出一种在复杂背景条件下对红外弱小目标多种特性进行融合处理的检测方法。通过融合红外弱小目标的局部灰度值大、自身灰度信息符合二维高斯分布以及与邻域相似度低的三大特性,利用协方差检测和相似度对比计算得到显著图,对显著图进行简单阈值分割得到真实目标。对不同复杂背景和不同数据类型的红外源图像进行弱小目标检测实验,结果表明:与基线算法相比本文所提算法检测结果背景抑制因子和信杂比增益均提高2~3倍,交并比为HVS类方法最优,ROC曲线在较低虚警率时获得最高检测准确率。本文方法将红外源图像中弱小目标多个特性进行有效融合,提高检测精度的同时降低了显著图计算复杂度,在不同复杂背景和杂波干扰的情况下仍能取得较好的目标定位和背景抑制效果。     

基于单片机的红外遥控LED调光系统的设计

介绍了一种红外遥控LED调光系统,给出了系统的硬件组成和软件设计方法。红外遥控器发射红外信号,STC单片机处理接收的红外信号并产生PWM信号,通过PWM信号调节LED光源的亮度。本系统方便、可靠并且具有实用价值,适用于家居照明等。     

Visible Light Emission From Dye Molecular Grains via Infrared Excitation Based on the Nonadiabatic Transition Induced by the Optical Near Field

We observed light emission in the visible wavelength range (lambda = 600-690 nm) from aggregated 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-p-dimethylaminostyryl-4H-pyran (DCM) dye molecule grains excited by infrared light (lambda_ex = 805 nm). The domains of visible light emission were localized at the surface and edges of the dye grains, where the optical near field was strengthened. The emitted visible light intensity decayed exponentially according to the time constants tau₁ = 0.45 ns and tau² = 1.37 ns, which were equivalent to those of conventional fluorescence excited by visible light at lambda_ex = 402 nm. The emitted light intensity increased with the infrared excitation intensity, in agreement with the theoretical results of the exciton-phonon polariton model. This confirmed that the visible light emission originated from the nonadiabatic transition process due to optical near-field features. The frequency upconversion efficiency for excitation from infrared (lambda_ex = 805 nm) to visible (lambda = 600-690 nm) in the film of the DCM molecular grains was experimentally estimated to be higher than that of the second harmonic generation (SHG) from a potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal. In particular, it was higher when the fundamental light power density was lower than 100 W/cm². Visible light emission from the grains of the rhodamine 6G (N-{2-[2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl} rhodamine 6G-amide bis[trifluoroacetate]) dye molecule was also observed in the infrared light (lambda_ex = 805 nm). Our results demonstrated the universality of the nonadiabatic transition process.     

基于Mask R-CNN的复合绝缘子过热缺陷检测

针对当前基于复合绝缘子红外图的过热缺陷检测技术中存在的工作量大、智能化程度低,以及传统的图像分割方法在复杂背景下分割不精确且泛化性能差的问题,提出了一种基于实例分割网络MaskR-CNN的复合绝缘子过热缺陷检测方法.首先,该方法为提高分割精度,借鉴CascadeR-CNN的思路对MaskR-CNN网络进行改进,并在模型...     

LVDS远程高速红外图像采集卡设计

红外成像制导是当今精确制导武器的一个重要发展方向。在红外导引头位标器的测试中,红外图像是重要的测试项目。本文介绍了一种基于FPGA和DSP的LVDS远程高速红外图像采集卡的设计,实现了LVDS数据的高速采集、红外图像预处理、PXI上位机通信及模拟视频输出等功能。实验证明,本方案在保证系统实时性的同时,具有信号处理能力强、设计灵活等优点。     

红外检测技术在变电站热故障检测中的应用

基于红外检测与热成像原理,利用红外热像仪对变电站设备进行图像或视频的采集,采用高德红外图像分析系统通进行处理与分析,实现对发热故障点的检测,并通过对变电站的实例分析,进一步验证其检测的准确性.     

Infrared transmission for intervehicle ranging and vehicle-to-roadside communication systems using spread-spectrum technique

In this paper, an infrared intervehicle ranging and vehicle-to-roadside communication systems are studied. A direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS-SS) technology is employed to obtain the robustness against multiuser interference and ambient light noise. We compare the correlation properties for various optical spreading codes such as an optical orthogonal code (OOC), a prime code, an extended prime code, and a modified m-sequence. The performance of the infrared DS-SS ranging and communication system is evaluated by computer simulation over a channel in consideration of multipath dispersion, multiuser interference, and a background light noise. The infrared DS-SS intervehicle ranging system using an OOC has lower ranging error rate (RER) than ranging systems using a prime code, an extended prime code, and modified m-sequences even if there is the interference from other users and lightwave dispersion. In the infrared DS-SS vehicle-to-roadside communication system, L-ary pulse position modulation (L-PPM) is used as a modulation scheme due to high average power efficiency. It is shown that the proposed system achieves smaller BER performance as the modulation order L increases and the proposed system with a (361,6,1,1) OOC has a smaller BER than that with a (181,6,1,1) OOC.     

基于软件无线电的红外控制功能实现

针对传统软件无线电设备无法收发红外信号的问题,设计一种射频红外转换器,该转换器使用Arduino作为主控制器,结合了433 MHz无线信号接收模块和红外信号发射管.首先将该转换器的红外发射管对准欲控制设备的红外信号接收处,然后从HackRF One远程发送射频信号,转换器在收到该射频信号后会通过红外发射管发射出一个对应...     

220kV电磁式电压互感器故障分析

某供电公司220kVSG变电站220kV北母W相JDCF-220W,型电磁式电压互感器正常运行中发生故障,通过分析该台电压互感器故障前一段时间内的油色谱、高电压停电试验、红外精确检测数据,并将该台电压互感器故障相解体及试验,提出故障原因是电压互感器进水受潮,致使绝缘支架、绕组受潮绝缘劣化,导致其下级绕组下部绝缘击穿,提出对于运行时限较长的电磁式电压互感器,应使用多种检（监）测手段监测,并不宜实行状态检修规程规定的长检试周期;红外精确检测应避开日光辐射干扰等措施。