基于NSCT-DWT-Schur分解的盲检测数字水印算法

<正>数字水印技术是版权认证和保护的重要手段。为了提高盲检测数字水印算法的透明性和鲁棒性,实现二者较好的平衡,本文提出一种基于非下采样Contourlet变换（NSCT）,离散小波变换（DWT）和Schur分解算法的盲检测数字水印算法。该算法首先对载体图像进行二级NSCT变换,提取其低频子带,接着对得到的低频子带进行一级DWT变换,然后将DWT变换后得到的低频部分分块进行Schur分解并构建嵌入域,最后将扰乱加密的水印信息嵌入所得到的嵌入域中,实现水印的嵌入。实验结果显示,该方案可以实现水印的盲提取,能够较好地实现水印的透明性,并且对于常见的滤波、剪切等攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

一种新的小波域盲水印算法

文章提出了一种新的小波域鲁棒性水印算法,将载体图像小波变换后的近似子带进行分块,结合HVS,用密钥对子块进行选择,直接进行灰度水印的嵌入。该算法具有嵌入和提取过程十分简单、水印嵌入信息量大、鲁棒性强等突出特点,并能够实现水印盲检测。     

一种基于时域混合的DWT-SVD盲数字水印算法

提出了一种基于时域混合的盲数字水印新算法。该算法一改传统水印的嵌入过程,首先对载体图像进行分块,利用最佳信号与载体图像进行时域混合以改变图像信息的分布,之后通过离散小波变换结合奇异值分解完成水印嵌入,再进行时域混合恢复得到嵌入水印的图像。进行各种攻击测试,并与传统DWT-SVD数字水印算法进行比较。实验结果表明,时域混合算法具有很好的隐蔽性和鲁棒性。     

基于Logistic映射和Arnold置乱的数字水印算法

提出了一种基于Logistic映射和Arnold变换的DCT域数字水印算法。利用Arnold变换将原始水印图像进行置乱,然后对图像进行分块DCT变换,结合Logistic映射控制水印信息的嵌入位置,把置乱后的水印图像嵌入到图像的DCT域中频系数中,进行分块DCT反变换得到水印图像。利用图像DCT系数的关系,实现了水印的盲检测。实验结果表明该算法不仅具有较好的隐蔽性,同时对常见的水印攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

用菲涅耳变换和相位密码板实现盲数字水印

基于菲涅耳衍射变换和相位密码板,结合离散小波变换,设计了一种新的盲数字水印算法.通过提取相位母板的离散菲涅耳衍射变换的相角而获得相位密码板,原始水印图像经离散菲涅耳变换和相位密码板的共同作用形成水印密文,将水印密文嵌入到原始宿主图像的离散小波变换系数矩阵中,再对叠加水印信息的像素用其最邻近的像素均值来替换,从而获得一种新的盲数字水印提取法.数值计算结果表明:该水印算法对JPEG有损压缩、剪切、噪声污染和重采样等攻击具有较强的鲁棒性.由于该算法的密钥空间很大而密钥数据量却不高,所以采用本算法既能灵活选择加密密钥(相位密码母板、衍射距离等),又能确保高安全性,具有很高的实用价值.     

基于时域同步及分块嵌入的音频水印算法

提出一种基于时域同步的音频水印算法,在音频信号的时间域上检索满足一定信号强度的区域作为同步区域,把水印图像分块,每个水印分块及其编号嵌入到一个同步区域,水印按照分块顺序循环嵌入到检索到的同步区域;水印比特嵌入在同步区域的小波变换域上,通过拼凑法修改低频系数的幅度值实现水印比特的嵌入。水印检测不需要原始音频信号,是一种盲检测水印算法。仿真实验证明了算法对一般的音频信号处理具有较好的鲁棒性和透明性,对同步攻击、抖动攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于混沌与自适应小波变换的图像水印算法

目前基于小波变换的数字水印算法,主要根据低频小波系数的幅值大小确定是否嵌入水印,该算法的缺点是嵌入水印后的图像透明性有待提高。基于以上问题,提出一种基于混沌加密和自适应小波变换的图像数字盲水印算法。采用混沌映射和m序列先后对水印置乱,结合人眼视觉特性确定载体图像的纹理区,选用自适应小波变换分解纹理区,将水印信息嵌入其高频子带中。实验结果表明,该算法可有效提高水印的安全性,具有较好的鲁棒性和不可见性。     

基于小波零树结构的自适应盲水印算法

提出了一种基于小波零树结构的小波域盲水印算法,该算法能自适应地选取和修改小波的重要系数进行数字水印信息的嵌入,且具有较好的鲁棒性。该算法利用小波变换后的重要系数序列与给定序列之间的相关性来判断提取水印,提取时不需要原图像。结果表明,该算法是一种有效和可行的盲水印算法。     

一种基于置换的小波非对称数字水印算法

针对对称数字水卸方案不能公开验证版权的问题,提出一种基于小波变换的置换非对称数字水印算法.该算法对载体图像进行三层小波分解实现水印的嵌入.嵌入的水印信号包括公开水印和秘密水印两部分.将宿主图像的Hash值作为公钥生成伪随机序列,对原始水印信号进行扩频调制得到公开水印,用于水印的公开检测;将公开水印进行Arnold变换,产生秘密水印,用于对称检测.该算法能够实现水印的盲检测和盲提取,具有较好的鲁棒性和较高的安全性,还能够进行盗版追踪和防止水印伪造.     

基于Contourlet变换的抗几何攻击数字水印算法

针对小波变换在表示二维图像时的局限性,提出了一种抗几何攻击的数字水印算法。该算法先用混沌系列对水印信息进行加密,再对原始图像进行Contourlet变换,然后对分解后的子带进行分块计算,选择能量较大的分块并嵌入加密后的水印信息,最后经过Contourlet逆变换得到嵌入水印后的图像。实验结果证明：该算法不仅对常规图像处理具有很好的鲁棒性,同时对抵抗几何攻击也具有很好的鲁棒性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks