态势可视化的二三维联动技术

研究了主流的二维和三维显示技术,WGS84坐标和墨卡托投影坐标变换方法,消息中间件和AAR存档系统等态势可视化技术,提出了数据库API网关.设计并实现了一种二三维联动的态势可视化系统,采用消息中间件同步仿真过程信息,用数据库API网关统一管理实体的二三维模型,用AAR存档系统记录和回放仿真过程,经测试,态势可视化系统能够正确的,有效的完成仿真功能,且二维和三维显示部分显示的态势是联动的.     

空天信息战场二维态势仿真

为解决二维态势仿真的实时性和态势显示高效性的问题,针对空天信息战场中作战实体种类、数量繁多的现况,采用网络数据实时驱动和数据的文件驱动相结合的方法,在优化处理的态势图上,对空天信息战场进行二维态势仿真。实验结果表明,该方法不仅可以满足作战区域地理信息精细度的需求,还提高了二维态势仿真的实时性和态势回放效率,使态势显示的高效性与仿真实时性得到了进一步的提高。     

作战仿真系统中二维态势的设计与实现

二维态势是演练指挥人员总揽战场全局的重要工具.采用面向对象技术和模块化设计思想,该文给出了攻防对抗作战仿真系统中二维态势显示分系统的设计方案,构建了二维态势的通用框架,分析并解决了实现中的技术难点,并首次在二维态势中应用了聚合-解聚方法,目的是综合采用多种表现形式和丰富的手段来完整、全面、准确、及时地表现虚拟战场瞬息万变的态势.     

CGF系统中的多维信息显示研究

本文分析了计算机生成兵力系统中基于GIS技术的多维信息显示.首先论述了GIS技术、电子地图与二维态势相结合,用MapX提供的GeoSet Manager制作数字地图,采用图形分层技术对多维信息显示中出现的实体进行分层显示,并实现了鹰眼图功能.然后介绍了如何实现二维态势显示与三维场景的互动.随后提出了应用OpenGL技术实现不可见环境信息的可视化,并阐述了多维信息如何作为联邦成员加入系统.最后在此基础上,讨论了该系统还需进一步进行研究的三个方面.     

综合战场态势仿真系统设计与实现

为了满足海军诸兵种一体化作战模拟系统从整体上展现综合战场态势的需求,基于高层体系结构( HLA)技术,提出了综合战场态势仿真系统的设计方案,分析了系统所需的功能,阐述了系统实现时所涉及的5个关键技术,重点解决了在态势中如何显示矢量军标的难题,并优化了数据更新流程及态势显示处理方法,极大地提高了态势显示刷新的速度与效率,最后用仿真实验验证了该设计方案的可行性与合理性.     

基于Skyline的空战态势回放技术研究

空战二维或三维态势显示系统已经有了一些成熟的产品,但三维态势回放应用并不多,原因在于大量态势数据的存取问题和目标的快速刷新问题,文本采用基于Skyline提供的3D空间技术,设计了相应存取方案,有效解决了这两个问题,实现了战场态势的回放、拖放、慢放、快放功能,能够直观逼真的还原战场态势,为军事人员研究战争提供重要的辅助工具。     

基于MAPX的战场仿真想定编辑系统研究与实现

由于目前在想定处理中存在的主要问题是对想定的格式和修改手段不统一,生成的对象想定可读性和可移植性不能满足需求,影响了仿真系统的可操作性。本文使用Visual C＋＋开发环境,以XML文件的形式实现想定文件的存取,基于MAPX实现海图的制作,设计实现了基于数字海图的演练想定编辑器以及二维战场态势显示。     

通用战场态势可视化系统的设计及实现

为了降低当前战场态势信息系统开发和使用的复杂性,提出了一种通用战场态势可视化系统的显示元素、框架及接口的设计并完成实现。系统能显示战场绝大部分信息,采用数字地球和视景仿真的双平台架构,可表现全局和局部高精态势,另外无需进行系统内部开发,快速实现二次应用。针对通用化特点,实现了双引擎一体化平台、同类型绘制元素的多种接口控制、自动化相机控制等关键技术。目前在应用工程当中,系统已完成了多个配合仿真平台的实验参数验证及战术战略推演工作。     

Vega环境下汉字显示技术的实现方法

Vega作为一种优秀的视景仿真软件,在军事仿真、城市规划等很多领域应用广泛,但Vega只提供了西文字符的显示,并不支持汉字的显示,这就给某些视景仿真系统的开发带来了一定的困难.在对Vega研究的基础上,采用OpenGL回调技术,实现了Vega中汉字的二维及三维显示.该方法可用于大型分布式仿真环境中,与Vega提供的vgFont功能相比,显示速度有明显提高,具有较高的实时性和一定的可移植性,对Vega环境下其他仿真特效的实现有一定的指导意义.     

基于HLA／CGF的防空攻防作战模拟

基于高层体系结构(HLA)框架构建作战仿真系统是近年来作战仿真系统发展的趋势和研究的重点.鉴于此,本文中提出基于HLA 的计算机兵力生成技术进行防空攻防作战模拟,给出该仿真系统的体系结构,对基于CGF技术的系统的设计实现方法进行探讨,用计算机兵力生成软件为平台,编程实现作战过程二维态势演示,为防空攻防作战仿真系统的研发提供了可靠的技术借鉴.     

Parallel display of objects represented by linear octrees

The storage, display, and manipulation of three dimensional volumetric information requires large amounts of computing resources, both in terms of memory, and processing power. Most existing serial algorithms that display 3-D objects on a 2-D screen are found to be too slow to process the large amounts of volume data in a reasonable time. Hence, one way to increase the performance of the display algorithm is to process individual volume elements (voxels) in parallel. The first part of this paper presents a brief over view of the linear octree data structure which represents 3-D objects by an eight-way branching tree, while the second part focusses on the parallel display of such objects. We have shown that, for an object represented by a linear octree and enclosed in a 2ⁿ×2ⁿ×2ⁿ universe, the maximum number of voxels that can be processed in parallel is 3ⁿ, and the maximum number of time steps required to display such an object is 4ⁿ. This paper presents a set of formulae which identify the processing element (PE) as well as the time step in which a given linear octree node is processed. Similarly, a procedure which determines the locational code of a linear octree node which must be processed by a given PE, at some specific time step, is presented, along with a strategy for determining whether a PE is active or idle     

New 3-D display that can display 3-D images at long distances and that can control their 3-D positions using changing size as a cue to depth perception

This paper presents a new three-dimensional (3-D) display that can display 3-D images at long distances of tens or hundreds of meters in the depth direction and that can control their 3-D positions to meet new requirements for outdoor use. The proposed display uses changing size as a cue to depth perception, i.e., the smoothly expanding motion of virtual images formed with optical systems according to the forward movements of the users to display 3-D images at more distant positions in the depth direction than positions where virtual images are formed with optical systems because conventional 3-D displays that use binocular disparity are only able to display 3-D images at short distances in the depth direction. The feasibility of the proposed display was evaluated by subjective tests using a moving minivan in which observers viewed a test pattern that overlapped the real view ahead of the automobile observed through the windshield. The results obtained from the subjective tests revealed that the test pattern was observed at long distances over tens and hundreds of meters in the depth direction and that the position in the depth direction of the test pattern could be controlled by changing the rate at which the motion of the test pattern smoothly expanded. These results demonstrated that the proposed display was feasible.     

计算机辅助分子模型系统－MMBS

计算机辅助分子模型系统ＭＭＢＳ采用两种输入方法，线型编码法和二维图形法，模型生成采用三维碎片子结构构造法，并采用快速子结构匹配实现结构感知。系统具有较强的图形显示和操作功能。     

二维随机FM-II系统的状态估计

This paper is concerned with state estimation of two-dimensional (2-D) discrete stochastic systems. First, 2-D discrete stochastic system model is established by extending system matrices of the well-known Fornasini-Marchesini's second model into stochastic matrices. Each element of these stochastic matrices is second-order weakly stationary white noise sequences. Secondly, a linear and unbiased full-order state estimation problem for 2-D discrete linear stochastic model is formulated. Two estimation problems considered are the designs for the mean-square bounded estimation error and for the mean-square stochastic version of the suboptimal H∞ estimator, respectively. Our results can be seen as extensions of the 2-D linear deterministic case. Finally, illustrative examples are provided.     

一种新型防爆柴油机车安全保护系统设计

针对传统的防爆柴油机车安全保护系统采用集中控制方式而存在很难增加监测点及输出控制点的问题,设计了一种基于CAN总线及采用分布式控制方式的新型防爆柴油机车安全保护系统。该系统中的智能监控单元、显示器、继电器控制箱、总线信号转换器、开关量采集单元通过CAN总线组成分布式网络拓扑结构,实时监测机车在行驶过程中的各种状态以及驾驶员输入的信号,实时显示特定参数,并根据所监测到的状态和预先制定的逻辑关系对继电器的输出做出相应控制,从而保证了机车安全、稳定运行。井下工业性试验结果表明,该系统电气性能可靠、故障率低,满足矿用车辆的设计要求。     

Quality metric for approximating subjective evaluation of 3-D objects

Many factors, such as the number of vertices and the resolution of texture, can affect the display quality of three-dimensional (3-D) objects. When the resources of a graphics system are not sufficient to render the ideal image, degradation is inevitable. It is, therefore, important to study how individual factors will affect the overall quality, and how the degradation can be controlled given limited resources. In this paper, the essential factors determining the display quality are reviewed. We then integrate two important ones, resolution of texture and resolution of wireframe, and use them in our model as a perceptual metric. We assess this metric using statistical data collected from a 3-D quality evaluation experiment. The statistical model and the methodology to assess the display quality metric are discussed. A preliminary study of the reliability of the estimates is also described. The contribution of this paper lies in: 1) determining the relative importance of wireframe versus texture resolution in perceptual quality evaluation and 2) proposing an experimental strategy for verifying and fitting a quantitative model that estimates 3-D perceptual quality. The proposed quantitative method is found to fit closely to subjective ratings by human observers based on preliminary experimental results.     

Multidimensional state-space models: A comparative overview

This paper provides a comparative survey of the existing multidimensional state-space models. The 2-Dimensional state-space models are first presented and compared to each other from both the mathematical and the applications point of view. Then a canonical 3-Dimensional state space realization is considered and its applications are briefly discussed. Finally the special cases of 2-D and 3-D first-order transfer functions are investigated and necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of respective minimal state-space realizations are introduced. The models considered in the paper have been used for treating various design problems of multidimensional systems such as model mathing, transfer function separation, etc., as can be seen in the corresponding references.     

A study on remote controlled systems real time 3-dimensional display on an IBM-PC host

In the control of a remote system, it is desirable if the operator can be provided with similar sensory inputs to that which he would experience in the remote task environment. Three dimensional colour display systems have been studied with the goal of providing the sensation of presence¹. These displays provide the operator with a view of the environment captured by the remote cameras. Although this information is important, an operator of a remotely controlled vehicle/station would still derive benefit from additional information especially if the data can be presented in a graphical form.A teleoperator system has been established which adopts real time 3-dimensional wire-frame modelling of a robot manipulator on a microcomputer host system. The system incorporates the Matrox Space-Machine/640 to enable real time animation. This provides the operator with processed information relating to the robot orientation, and gripper position, orientation and state (open/close). This paper attempts to study the application of real time 3-D computer graphics to provide the operator with processed data to enable a more dextrous and responsive control of the remote station.     

Automated analysis of images in documents for intelligent document search

Authors use images to present a wide variety of important information in documents. For example, two-dimensional (2-D) plots display important data in scientific publications. Often, end-users seek to extract this data and convert it into a machine-processible form so that the data can be analyzed automatically or compared with other existing data. Existing document data extraction tools are semi-automatic and require users to provide metadata and interactively extract the data. In this paper, we describe a system that extracts data from documents fully automatically, completely eliminating the need for human intervention. The system uses a supervised learning-based algorithm to classify figures in digital documents into five classes: photographs, 2-D plots, 3-D plots, diagrams, and others. Then, an integrated algorithm is used to extract numerical data from data points and lines in the 2-D plot images along with the axes and their labels, the data symbols in the figure’s legend and their associated labels. We demonstrate that the proposed system and its component algorithms are effective via an empirical evaluation. Our data extraction system has the potential to be a vital component in high volume digital libraries.     

无极绳连续牵引车运行状态监测及过速保护系统的研究

针对目前无极绳连续牵引车运行状态监测及过速保护装置存在的问题,提出了一种无极绳连续牵引车运行状态监测及过速保护系统的设计方案。该系统采用上-下位机结构,基于LabVIEW的上位机实现参数设置、数据存储、运行状态显示和远程控制等功能;下位机首先采集无极绳连续牵引车的运行速度信号、制动系统蓄能器压力信号和制动油缸压力信号,然后通过单片机运用一定算法对这些数据进行分析、处理和判断,一旦出现过速、欠压、断绳等故障,下位机会立即输出相应的故障信号;上、下位机以无线方式通信。实际应用表明,该系统可实现对无极绳连续牵引车运行状态的有效监测和过速故障的正确判断。