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气流激振力作用下碰磨转子的分叉现象 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用超超临界压力是提高汽轮机热效率的重要途径。随着蒸汽参数的提高,作用在转子上的激振力将显著增大,使得机组发生气流激振的可能性远远大于亚临界机组,因此有必要对气流激振作用下转子的非线性动力学特性加以研究。本文采用双控体模型来计算气封腔内的蒸汽对转子的激振力,分析了气流激振力作用下的碰磨转子的分叉特性。着重讨论了输入气压、密封间隙及转子转速等决定气流激振力大小的因素对碰磨转子分叉特性的影响。研究结果表明,气流激振力将明显抑制碰磨转子的拟周期运动。这种抑制作用随着输入气压的升高、密封间隙的减小而增强。 相似文献
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汽轮机叶片激振力分析及优化 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分析了汽轮机叶片的激振源并建立了激振力数值计算模型,在此基础上,应用谐波分析技术对转速倍率的各阶谐波激振力分量给出定量结果,建立激振力对相关参数敏感度的计算方法。 相似文献
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为了配合汽流激振实验数据的验证,根据所建立的汽流激振实验台的结构参数,建立迷宫密封的二维几何模型。采用k-ε湍流模型进行数值模拟,通过数值仿真研究了实验密封件的密封特性。获得了齿顶间隙分别为0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mm和0.8mm的迷宫密封的动特性系数及泄漏量,对密封腔室内的流场进行了深入观察和分析。针对齿顶间隙为0.2mm的迷宫密封,分别计算了-60°、-45°、0°、45°、60°预旋下系统的动特性系数和泄漏量。研究结果可与后续实验数据进行比对,并为后续的汽流激振机理研究做准备。 相似文献
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汽轮机叶片激振力模型和计算方法 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
详细研究了在稳定运行工况时影响汽轮机叶片激振力的主要因素。在建立抽排汽口、有偏差的静叶流道、静叶尾迹、冲角等各主要影响因素模型的基础上建立了通过傅立叶谐波分析定量确定各阶谐波激振力的一整套力学模型和数值计算方法。计算结果从一般规律上给出了各阶谐波激振力量值与其主要影响因素之间的关系,在确定叶片激振力和动应力计算中直接应用,不仅具有理论意义,且有工程实用价值。 相似文献
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通过对刷式密封刷丝束中泄漏流动特点的分析,把刷丝束当作多孔介质来处理,有效简化刷丝束中复杂的泄漏流动,建立了刷丝束中多孔介质的泄漏流动模型。刷式密封内泄漏流动的特性采用的是基于多孔介质模型Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes方程的数值计算方法进行研究的。计算和分析了不同转速、不同压差和不同孔隙率下的泄漏流量。计算结果表明:在相同的孔隙率下,压差越大泄漏量越大;在相同的压差下,孔隙率越小,泄漏量越小;刷式密封的泄漏量与轴的转速无关。通过数值计算和实验结果的对比,两者数据吻合较好,验证了采用多孔介质模型模拟刷式密封刷丝束的可行性。 相似文献
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Excessive erosion of the low-pressure rotor end gland seal of a 25 MWe geothermal turbine produced a partial loss of turbine vacuum that degraded cycle efficiency. This study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to identify the causes of erosion and the optimal steam seal system flow conditions for reducing the erosion problem. The predictions were based upon a numerical calculation using a commercial CFD code (Adapco Star-CD) to model the rotor end gland seal with a steam flow containing hard solid particles. The results confirmed that flow conditions play a major role in rotor gland seal erosion. By changing steam seal flow pressures to vary flow, it was confirmed that there is a threshold seal flow condition below which erosion does not occur, or is minimized. Optimizing the rotor end gland seal supply pressure and intercondenser pressure reduced the turbulent flow kinetic energy by 49%, with a corresponding decrease in the erosion rate of the rotor gland seal surface. The erosion rate is related directly to the particle velocity and turbulent flow kinetic energy. Recommendations are provided for adjusting the rotor end gland seal system to avoid erosion. 相似文献
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Excessive erosion of the labyrinth seal of a 110 MW geothermal turbine has been investigated. This study used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and aims to identify one cause of erosion and a possible solution for substantially reducing it. The predictions were based upon a numerical calculation using a CFD model of the labyrinth seal with a water/steam flow containing hard solid particles and solved with a commercial CFD code: Fluent V5.0. The results confirmed the existence of flow conditions that play a major role in the rotor labyrinth seal erosion. Afterwards, the flow path was simulated with changes of rotor labyrinth seal geometry, which are indeed feasible of being implemented. The results confirmed that it is possible to reduce the erosion process by approximately 80% by incorporating a steam flow deflector in the fourth stage diaphragm, which changes the steam flow direction in the inlet zone to the rotor labyrinth seal channel, resulting in a reduction in steam volumetric mass flow and hard particle velocity by about 44%. 相似文献
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《Applied Thermal Engineering》2001,21(5):599-611
To elucidate an excessive erosion damage produced by solid particles in the fourth stage rotor disc of a 110 MW double flow geothermal turbine, a bi-dimensional modelling investigation has been conducted. The study was based on a set of results from a computational model using a Reynolds stress, RSM, turbulence model. The predicted results confirmed characteristic flow conditions that may play a main role in the serious erosion of the fourth stage rotor disc governor side, which has been detected in periodic overhauls. The results show a jet of vapour that hits the disc transition radius surface at velocities around 112 m/s. These conditions are produced by the flow outgoing from the labyrinth seal, which passes through a drastic cross-section reduction in the last seal strip. The flow was then simulated introducing specific changes to the geometry and the grid in order to modify the flow patterns favourably. Actually, the suggested changes have been envisaged indeed to be practically feasible of being implemented. The new results showed that it is possible to reduce the erosion process up to 86% by increasing the distance from the labyrinth seal to the rotor disc, which produces a 38% velocity reduction of the vapour flow in that zone. The design proposed in this work produces a flow pattern of a lower velocity on disc surface together with a modified angle of flow incidence. Furthermore, the proposed design also reduces a recirculating flow at the exit of the last seal strip. Based on these results, an analysis of erosion against velocity demonstrates that the redesigned rotor disc proposed here leads to the duplication of the time period used at present between maintenance repairs. 相似文献
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高低齿汽封与蜂窝汽封及孑L式阻尼汽封密封性能的比较 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
使用商用CFD软件Fluent对高低齿汽封、蜂窝汽封及孔式阻尼汽封进行了三维数值模拟,得到三种汽封在不同压比、轴转速和汽封相对间隙时的密封性能,并将高低齿汽封和蜂窝汽封计算值与试验数据进行了对比.结果表明:高低齿汽封流量系数随压比增大而增大,随转速加快而略有减小,随相对间隙的增大而减小;蜂窝汽封与孔式阻尼汽封的流量系数均随压比增大而减小,随转速加快而略有减小,基本呈直线变化规律,随相对间隙的增大而增大;在相同的条件下,蜂窝汽封的漏汽量比高低齿汽封的漏气量减少10%,而孔式阻尼汽封的漏汽量比蜂窝汽封漏汽量减少6%. 相似文献
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汽轮机叶顶汽封间隙内的流动损失分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了揭示叶顶汽封结构变化对泄漏损失的影响,提高汽轮机运行效率,数值研究了平齿汽封、高低齿汽封和侧齿汽封3种不同叶顶汽封结构下汽轮机高压转子间隙泄漏的流动形态、间隙涡系的形成机理和发展规律,研究表明:在叶顶汽封腔室复杂的周向螺旋状的涡动中,泄漏流体的周向速度是影响漩涡耗散的一个重要因素;高低齿及侧齿的汽封结构可以增强漩涡之间的相互作用,降低泄漏流体的周向速度,使漩涡在腔室内的耗散更加充分;由于掺混损失降低,高低齿及侧齿汽封的泄漏总损失较平齿汽封相比分别下降7.1%和9.8%。 相似文献
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高低齿迷宫密封是透平机械中抑制流体泄漏的关键部件。以某机组隔板密封为对象建立高低齿迷宫的计算流体力学(CFD)模型,研究由变工况引起的转子轴向偏移对密封泄漏特性的影响,并通过调整转子凸台宽度和密封腔高度对密封结构进行优化。结果表明:原始结构设计下,转子轴向偏移±3 mm内,泄漏量并未发生大幅度的上升;在-2~1.5 mm范围内泄漏量有所下降,说明在工况变动不大时,密封性能有所提高,但超出±3 mm的范围,泄漏量呈突增趋势;泄漏量分别随转子凸台宽度和密封腔高度呈二次非线性变化,存在一个最佳值使泄漏量达到最小,最佳凸台宽度和密封腔高度分别为5.13和7.5 mm;结构优化后密封泄漏量在正常工况及变工况下均小于原始结构,密封性能得到提高。 相似文献