小麦谷蛋白亚基的凝胶电泳分离及其品种鉴定

小麦胚乳贮藏蛋白在去除醇溶蛋白后，再提取高分子量（ＨＭＷ）和低分子量（ＬＭＷ）谷蛋白亚基，然后采用酸性（ｐＨ３．１）聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（Ａ－ＰＡＧＥ）方法进行分离。结果表明，在６００Ｖ电压下（缓冲液温度不超过２８℃），一般可在２～３ｈ内完成电泳，并可获得分辨度较高的分离图谱，在电泳谱上可发现两个明显的ＨＭＷ和ＬＭＷ谷蛋白亚基区域。通过与标准品种和常规ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ方法比较，可对不同品种ＨＭＷ谷蛋白亚基组成进行快速鉴定。一些重要小麦品种的分析结果显示，各品种ＬＭＷ谷蛋白亚基组成具有特异性，而且在品种间存在较大的变异度，根据ＨＭＷ和ＬＭＷ谷蛋白亚基Ａ－ＰＡＧＥ图谱很容易区分不同品种或基因型。因此，Ａ－ＰＡＧＥ方法麦谷蛋白蛋快速分离与品种鉴定中具有较大的应用潜力     

乌骨鸡,罗曼鸡卵黄蛋白质电泳分析

本文通过ＩＥＦ－ＰＡＧＥ、ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ、ＰＡＧＥ对乌骨鸡、罗曼鸡卵黄蛋白质组成，、比例、等电点以及水溶性各种蛋一进行了初步研究。在ＩＥＦ－ＰＡＧＥ中，乌骨鸡卵黄蛋白分出２５条蛋白区带，罗曼鸡卵黄蛋白分出２３条蛋区带，ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ、ＰＡＧＥ中罗鸡水溶性蛋白均分出１４条蛋白区带，乌骨鸡水溶性蛋白均分出１１条蛋白区带。     

运用I—DEAS软件分析GD753织机打纬机构

本文介绍Ｉ－ＤＥＡＳ软件的基本功能，运用Ｉ－ＤＥＡＳ软件对ＧＤ７５３打纬机构进行了分析，根据织物的要求，对该机构进行了改进，收到了良好的效果。     

减少二氧化氯漂白过程中有机结合氯的形成

减少二氧化氯漂白过程中有机结合氯的形成Ｙ．Ｍ．Ｇ．Ｊ，ＤＵＢＥＳａｎｄＡ．Ｒ．Ｐ．ＶＡＮＨＥＬＭＮＧＥＮ加拿大ＪＯＵＲＮＡＬＯＦＰＵＬＰＡＮＤＰＡＰＥＲＳＣＩＥＮＣＥ，Ｖｏｌ．２０，ＮＯ．４，Ａｐｒｉｌ，１９９４李文俊，刘茜毓译通过对ＣｌＯ２漂白化学...     

烟草内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白分离纯化研究

首次报道烤烟中存在ＰＧＩＰ，并以烤烟苗为材料通过硫酸铵沉淀、离子交换层析和分子筛凝胶过滤等步骤分离得到了ＰＧＩＰ，经高ｐＨＤｉｓｃ－ＰＡＧＥ和ＳＤＳ－Ｄｉｓｃ－ＰＡＧＥ分析为电泳纯，紫外吸收为典型的蛋白质吸收光谱。烤烟ＰＧＩＰ是一种糖蛋白，含糖量为６．０３％，等电点为６．４和６．１。     

牦牛奶渣中蛋白质组分的研究

采用碱性尿素－ＰＡＧＥ和ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ对牦牛奶渣中蛋白质组分进行分析。结果显示：奶渣中蛋白质组分与牦牛奶蛋白相比，除α－乳清蛋白相对含量显著降低外，其余蛋白质差异不大。说明奶渣制作过程基本保留了奶中的主要蛋白组分，是一种在高原简陋生产条件下保存奶蛋白较好的方法。     

文摘

文摘以牛奶为基础的酸性食用凝胶的生产方法（ＢＵ－ＤＯＬＦＳＥＮ，Ｇ；ＮＩＥＣＳＥＮ，Ｐ．Ｍ）ＰＣＴＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＰａｔｅｎｔＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ（１９９４）ＷＯ９４／２１１２９ＡＩ，７ｐｐ［英文］ＤＳＡ．Ｐ１０７（１９９５）８０８文章报...     

顶青霉木聚糖酶的分离纯化与鉴定

使用硫酸铵分级沉淀、ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２５凝胶色谱脱盐、ＤＥＡＥ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＡ－２５和ＣＭ－ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＣ－５０离子交换色谱等分离纯化技术,从顶青霉（Ｐｅｎｃｉｌｉｕｍｃｏｒｙｌｏｐｈｉｌｕｍ）培养液中分离到３种木聚糖酶组分,分别称为ＰａｒｔＡ、ＰａｒｔＢ和ＰａｒｔＣ．ＰａｒｔＢ和ＰａｒｔＣ经ＳｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌＳ－２００凝胶过滤色谱和ＣｏｎＡ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ亲和色谱进一步分离纯化,分别得到２个纯木聚糖酶组分．ＰａｒｔＢ经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ鉴定为单带,相对分子质量为２４２００;ＰａｒｔＣ经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ鉴定基本为单带,相对分子质量为４８３００     

用尿素—SDS—PAGE凝胶电泳测定乳球菌肽的分子量

采用尿素－ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ不连续缓冲系统凝胶进行电泳，对分子量为０．２５￣２．０ＫＤ范围内的多肽或蛋白质进行分子量测定，结果令人满意，测得Ｎｉｓｉｎ的分子量为３５００ＫＤ和１４０００ＫＤ。     

广东芝麻香蕉加工中的酶褐变研究（Ⅰ）──多酚氧化酶的提取、分离及其特性研究

由于香蕉加工中的酶褐变主要是多酚氧化酶引起的，因此本文研究了多酚氧化酶的提取及其特性和交联葡聚糖Ｇ－７５（ＳＥＰＨＡＤＥＸＧ－７５）分离纯化；比较了加入ＰＶＰ（聚乙烯吡咯酮）和ＰＥＧ（聚乙二醇）的效果，发现对酶特性有一定的影响。通过差热扫描分析，由ＳＥＰＨＡＤＥＳＧ－７５分离的两种不同形式的多酚氧化酶蛋白的变性温度分别为９３．０３℃和８９．４２℃；最适ｐＨ分别为６．８和５．９．多酚氧化酶与邻－二酚反应产物在λ＝４１４ｎｍ下有最高吸收。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the