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1.
    
The optimal design of a separable two‐dimensional (2D) finite impulse response (FIR) filter is a nonlinear programming problem. In this paper, an iterative alternating optimization technique for optimally designing the separable 2D FIR filter in the mini‐max sense and the least‐square sense is proposed. Implementation of the proposed technique only requires a suitable initial solution. The simulation experiment validates the effectiveness of the proposed technique. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract—Fast and accurate state estimation has a crucial role in practical implementation of state feedback-based controllers. But most of the states are not accessible or economically feasible to measure and must be estimated. Although such controllers are normally designed offline, their dynamic performance is evaluated online. Hence, having high speed with acceptable accuracy is an essential feature for estimators. In this article, a state estimator based on an artificial neural network incorporated into a linear optimal regulator is introduced. First, an extended Kalman filter is designed, then an estimator based on a proposed feed-forward neural network structure is elaborated after much effort on promising neural network structures. Different neural networks are trained using the data collected from the extended Kalman filter, and a qualified and shapeable alternative for the extended Kalman filter in reducing its drawbacks is obtained. The optimum structure is identified when minimum state estimation error is achieved. Significant speed and sufficient accuracy are the main advantages of the proposed structure to be used online for state estimation. Dynamic performance of the system equipped with the linear optimal regulator plus different estimators is examined and compared to a single-machine/infinite-bus power system in MATLAB (The MathWorks, Natick, Massachusetts, USA).  相似文献   

3.
基于FPGA实现高插入CIC滤波器   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了产生调制信号的码元速率能在大范围内实时可变,采用插值滤波技术——多级积分梳状滤波器。在分析多级CIC滤波器的结构和特性的基础上,阐述了一种利用Hogenauer"剪除"理论实现多级CIC滤波器的高效FPGA实现方法,并通过XILINX的时序仿真分析验证了该方法的正确性和可行性,实际中可以推广应用。  相似文献   

4.
离散卡尔曼滤波器滤波精度与噪声统计模型准确度的关系   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
针对多维渐近稳定线性离散系统,推导了使用铁初始条件和噪声统计的卡尔曼滤波器实际估计误差协方关矩阵,并基于该矩阵分析了滤波精度与模型精度的关系,指出使用非准确的初始条件和噪声统计模型 仍能构造出与最优卡尔曼滤器等效的滤波器,组合导航仿真系统的仿真验证了文中的结论。  相似文献   

5.
传统状态追踪方法一般基于扩展卡尔曼滤波方法求解,其缺点是:由于电力系统量测方程的非线性,使得这些方法在求解的过程中必须对量测方程进行近似线性化,从而影响了估计精度,尤其是相邻断面的状态变量发生突变时,估计精度明显降低;传统方法在迭代的每一步中均需重新形成雅可比矩阵,因而计算效率较低。以上缺点影响了传统状态追踪方法的应用。提出一种基于精确线性化量测方程的线性状态追踪方法,所提方法的优点为:在估计中无量测方程的近似线性化误差,因而估计精度较高;在迭代中雅可比矩阵均为常数矩阵,从而提高了计算效率。通过在IEEE系统上的仿真算例验证了所提方法的有效性和高效性。  相似文献   

6.
    
This paper considers the state estimation problem of bilinear systems in the presence of disturbances. The standard Kalman filter is recognized as the best state estimator for linear systems, but it is not applicable for bilinear systems. It is well known that the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed based on the Taylor expansion to linearize the nonlinear model. In this paper, we show that the EKF method is not suitable for bilinear systems because the linearization method for bilinear systems cannot describe the behavior of the considered system. Therefore, this paper proposes a state filtering method for the single‐input–single‐output bilinear systems by minimizing the covariance matrix of the state estimation errors. Moreover, the state estimation algorithm is extended to multiple‐input–multiple‐output bilinear systems. The performance analysis indicates that the state estimates can track the true states. Finally, the numerical examples illustrate the specific performance of the proposed method.  相似文献   

7.
为了更好地检测船舶上的振动,本文组建了以CPLD和DSP为核心的检测系统。介绍了系统的网络结构和测量处理单元,着重讲述了基于TMS320F2812DSP的信号处理。本系统通用性好,可靠性高,实时性强。  相似文献   

8.
    
A fractional delay filter is used to increase the accuracy, preciseness, time synchronization, and stability of signal processing system. However, designing a fractional delay filter for a specified delay, without affecting spectral characteristics of the signal is challenging because of nondifferentiability and multimodal nature of its objective function. In this paper, a more accurate design technique has been proposed for designing fractional delay filters, based on a recently developed firefly algorithm and its improved version. The designed filters offer variable fractional delay. A novel symmetric structure of implementation has been used to design filters. The efficacy of the proposed technique is evaluated by considering a filter design example. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with the other exiting algorithm. The comparative analysis of finite impulse response (FIR) fractional delay filter design proves that the proposed algorithm has a smaller design error and an implementation complexity than the other reported existing algorithms. In addition to this, the designed FIR fractional delay filter is implemented on Xilinx Virtex-7 for experimental validation.  相似文献   

9.
混合量测下基于UKF的电力系统动态状态估计   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
针对当前电力系统动态状态估计主要采用的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)法存在收敛速度慢、鲁棒性差的缺点,采用一种新的非线性方法——无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)法进行电力系统动态状态估计。UKF法由于使用了无迹变换,避免了线性化误差的引入和雅可比矩阵的计算,相比EKF法有更高的估计精度和稳定性。广域测量系统(WAMS)能够提供相量信息,具有精度高、全网严格同步等优点。因此,将WAMS量测数据和数据采集与监控(SCADA)系统量测数据相结合,形成应用混合量测的电力系统动态状态估计。仿真表明,UKF法相比EKF法能够更准确地估计动态系统中的状态量,WAMS信息的引入进一步提高了动态状态估计的性能。  相似文献   

10.
    
This paper proposes a distributed joint parameter and state variables estimation algorithm for large-scale state-space interconnected systems. In this distributed estimation scheme, each interconnected sub-system is described by a linear discrete-time state space mathematical model. Each sub-system is supposed to be controlled by an intelligent controller that can communicate with its interconnected neighbors and exchange information, such as state variables. The proposed approach comprises two recursive estimation algorithms, a parameter estimation algorithm considering the state space model and a distributed Kalman filter for state variables estimation. It is a fully distributed cooperative approach that allows to reduce complexity and saves computational and communication resources. Theoretical analysis and numerical examples are provided to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of this joint estimation algorithm.  相似文献   

11.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This paper presents a modified strong tracking unscented Kalman filter (MSTUKF) to address the performance degradation and divergence of the unscented Kalman filter because of process model uncertainty. The MSTUKF adopts the hypothesis testing method to identify process model uncertainty and further introduces a defined suboptimal fading factor into the prediction covariance to decrease the weight of the prior knowledge on filtering solution. The MSTUKF not only corrects the state estimation in the occurrence of process model uncertainty but also avoids the loss of precision for the state estimation in the absence of process model uncertainty. Further, it does not require the cumbersome evaluation of Jacobian matrix involved in the calculation of the suboptimal fading factor. Experimental results and comparison analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed MSTUKF. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

12.
电力系统动态状态估计的研究现状和展望   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
综述了电力系统动态状态估计DSE(Dynamic State Estimation)的研究现状,对目前常用的DSE方法作了简明对比。。描述了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波EKF(Extended Kalman Filter)算法的DSE数学模型,并介绍了3类改进算法,用以提高EKF算法的自适性性、鲁棒性和准确性。针对不良数据的检测和辨识,在简要分析传统量测量残差检测和突变检测方法优缺点的基础上,又介绍了一些新的理论。总结了外部网络模型等值的一些观点。最后,提出了DSE研究中几个方面的构想以供参考。  相似文献   

13.
    
In this paper, a robust adaptive unscented Kalman filter(RAUKF) is developed to mitigate the unfavorable effects derived from uncertainties in noise and in the model. To address these issues, a robust M-estimator is first utilized to update the measurement noise covariance. Next, to deal with the effects of model parameter errors while considering the computational complexity and real-time requirements of dynamic state estimation, an adaptive update method is produced. The proposed method is integrated with spherical simplex unscented transformation technology, and then a novel derivative-free filter is proposed to dynamically track the states of the power system against uncertainties. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are demonstrated through extensive simulation experiments on an IEEE 39-bus test system. Compared with other methods, the proposed method can capture the dynamic characteristics of a synchronous generator more reliably.  相似文献   

14.
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The data for an energy management system (EMS) in an integrated energy system (IES) is obtained through state estimation. This is then the basis for optimal scheduling, protection and control. At present, the dynamic models of gas and heat networks are rarely considered in such state estimation, and the method lacks robustness. This paper develops dynamic state estimation models for gas and heat networks, and proposes a unified method for the electricity-gas-heat network, one which takes into account robustness while ensuring accuracy. First, the state transition equations in matrix form are formulated according to finite difference models considering the dynamic characteristics of the gas and heat networks. Then, combined with a quasi-steady state model of the electric power system, a unified state estimation method and multi-time-scale measurement strategy in the Kalman filter framework are proposed. In addition, the prediction accuracies of the electric power and gas systems are improved through adaptive adjustment. The kernel density estimation method is used to adjust the measurement weights and filter out bad data to ensure robust state estimation. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed method not only can improve the estimation accu-racy by improving prediction accuracy, but also is robust to various types of bad data.  相似文献   

15.
    
A novel technique is presented for exciting desired transient vibrations in a structure. A cantilevered plate instrumented with piezoelectric sensor and actuator is used as a test-structure. Finite element model of the test-plate is developed using Hamilton's principle. Finite element model is reduced to first two modes using orthonormal modal truncation and then this reduced model is converted into a state-space model. Tracking optimal control is then employed to obtain desired transient curves simultaneously, of first two modes of vibration. Theoretical findings are verified by conducting experiments, for experimentation, Kalman observer is used to estimate first two modes and Labview software is used for interfacing. Presented strategy can be used to do dynamic vibration testing of a product by forcing the product to experience same transient vibrations that it is expected to experience in field.  相似文献   

16.
动态状态估计是考虑状态随时间变化的准稳态状态估计,兼有状态估计和状态预报功能,它是传统状态估计在时域上的延伸,能够帮助我们更好地了解电网的实际运行状态,提高安全监视和风险防控的能力.由于受到SCADA量测的限制,动态状态估计一直停留在研究阶段,借助于广域测量系统(WAMS)下提供的丰富信息,有望使其走出实验室,实现工程应用.在分析了各种混成量测的状态估计方法后,结合华东电网WAMS现状,选取基于非线性Kalman滤波的混成动态状态估计方法,充分利用PMU数据,辅以SCADA数据增加冗余度,在工程实施方面具有现实意义.  相似文献   

17.
状态估计是现代EMS的重要组成部分,特别是动态状态估计,能实现实时运行状态的估计和预报功能。通过对动态估计算法Kalman滤波算法和国内外学者的一些改进算法的现状研究,分析了这些算法目前存在的主要问题。并基于此提出了Kalman滤波算法的新的改进措施,研究了方向和发展趋势。  相似文献   

18.
随着相量测量单元(PMU)的广泛应用,基于PMU的发电机动态状态估计的研究越来越受到重视。如果存在量测坏数据,动态状态估计的滤波效果会受到严重的影响。首先介绍了一种基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)的发电机动态状态估计方法。然而,由于PMU数据的质量不高,为解决坏数据的问题,推导残差方程得出时变的阈值,再通过一种迭代检测的方法确定坏数据的测点位置。对于坏数据对应的量测,算法将其剔除后重新进行一次估计,以修正估计结果。算例结果表明,该方法能有效抑制量测坏数据对发电机动态状态估计的影响。  相似文献   

19.
针对全维无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)算法状态维数倍增所带来的计算负担加剧的问题,提出一种过程和量测不相关的状态切换UKF算法。该算法通过在预测和量测阶段选取不同的状态变量,降低实时滤波的状态维数及Sigma点的选取个数,减小了计算量,提高了运算速度。针对姿态确定中四元数规范化限制,给出一种参数切换算法,在滤波过程中通过四元数与修正罗德里格斯参数实时切换,解决了四元数加权均值和协方差奇异性问题。针对SINS/CCD姿态的仿真实验结果表明,与全维UKF算法相比,状态切换UKF算法估计精确度相当,估计时间缩短了约1/3。  相似文献   

20.
    
This paper discusses the state and parameter estimation problem for a class of Hammerstein state space systems with time delay. Both the process and the measurement noises are considered in the system. On the basis of the observable canonical state space form and the key term separation, a pseudolinear regressive identification model is obtained. For the unknown states in the information vector, the Kalman filter is used to search for the optimal state estimates. A Kalman filter–based least squares iterative and a recursive least squares algorithms are proposed. Extending the information vector to include the latest information terms, which are missed for the time delay, the Kalman filter–based recursive extended least squares algorithm is derived to obtain the estimates of the unknown time delay, parameters, and states. The numerical simulation results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.  相似文献   

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