Microstructure,adhesion, and tribological properties of conventional plasma-sprayed coatings on steel substrate

A variety of metallic and oxide coatings were deposited under various conditions on 1020 mild steel substrate by conventional plasma spraying. The coating thickness, microhardness, cohesion and adhesion failure loads, friction coefficient, and abrasive wear resistance were evaluated. The coatings were classified as follows, in order of decreasing microhardness and wear resistance: alumina, chromia, 316 stainless steel, Ni-5% Al, elemental aluminum and aluminum-polyester. Wear resistance increased with increasing microhardness and decreasing friction coefficient. The microhardness and wear resistance of high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) diamond jet (DJ)-sprayed aluminum were found to be superior to those of plasma-sprayed aluminum. Plasma or flame-sprayed metallic coatings adhered well to the substrate. The cohesion, adhesion, microhardness, and wear resistance of alumina coatings exceeded those of equally thick chromia coatings.     

粘接剂对热化学反应陶瓷涂层结构与性能的影响

采用相同的陶瓷骨料(SiO2+Al)、添加剂(MgO+CrO3)和固化工艺,分别以磷酸铝和水玻璃为粘接剂,在Q235钢上制备陶瓷涂层,对其相成分、微观形貌、热震性能以及耐蚀性能进行了分析测试,讨论了粘接剂对涂层耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,尽管以磷酸铝为粘接剂的陶瓷涂层在固化过程中产生少量孔隙,但仍具有比以水玻璃为粘接剂的陶瓷涂层更优异的抗热震性能以及耐酸、碱、盐腐蚀性能。     

电流密度对5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲体系电镀银的影响

采用5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲体系在黄铜及不锈钢基体上沉积厚度为6μm左右的银镀层,镀液组成和工艺条件为:硝酸银25 g/L,5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲80 g/L,烟酰胺60 g/L,碳酸钾40 g/L,复合光亮剂(包含2-巯基苯骈噻唑、1,4-丁炔二醇和十二烷基硫酸钠)2 mL/L,pH 10.5,温度60°C,电流密度0...     

柔性印刷电路板硫酸镍体系化学镀镍及镀层性能研究

分别以柔性印刷电路板(FPCB)和紫铜为基体,采用丁二酸钠-乙酸钠复合配位体系化学镀镍。通过正交试验对化学镀镍液进行优化,得到较优的配方为:NiSO₄·6H₂O 20 g/L,NaH₂PO₂·H₂O 10 g/L,CH₃COONa 9 g/L,丁二酸钠5 g/L,乳酸6 g/L,苹果酸4 g/L。采用该镀液在温度70°C、pH=5的条件下对FPCB化学镀镍70 min,所得镍镀层呈非晶态结构,厚度约为3μm,磷质量分数为7.263%,耐蚀性较优。     

温度对硫酸盐镀锌层性能的影响

通过金相显微镜、极化曲线测量和明度测试,分析了温度对硫酸盐镀锌体系(锌离子90 g/L,硫酸6 g/L,电流密度5 A/dm2,温度30~70°C,时间475 s)在低碳钢上所得镀层形貌和性能的影响。结果表明,温度对镀锌层明度、微观形貌及耐蚀性影响较大。升高温度可降低浓差极化,有利于镀层结晶,表现出好的明度和耐蚀性;但温度过高,电化学极化减弱,所得镀层结晶粗大,明度和耐蚀性降低。温度为50°C时获得的镀层性能最好。     

电沉积纳米晶镍涂层的微结构与性能

采用电沉积法制备了纳米晶镍涂层，讨论了镀液中硼酸浓度对涂层晶粒尺寸的影响，并分别分析了显微硬度与平均晶粒尺寸、磨损体积及摩擦因数的关系。测试了微晶和纳米晶镍涂层的抗高温氧化性。结果表明：当硼酸在镀液中未达到饱和之前，镍的晶粒尺寸随硼酸浓度的增加而减小；当晶粒尺寸在8～20nm范围时，随着晶粒尺寸的减小，涂层的显微硬度增大，滑动摩擦因数和静摩擦因数均有所减小．耐磨性能提高，抗高温氧化性能增强。     

稀土对化学镀镍溶液稳定性的影响

研究了4种稀土元素(La、Y、Eu和Nd)对化学镀镍镀液稳定性、沉积速度以及镀层耐磨性的影响,并初步探讨了稀土元素在镀液中的作用机理。结果表明：4种稀土元素对镀液均有影响,其中Y的效果最明显,La的影响程度较小。适量的稀土均能增加镀液的稳定性,提高镀层的沉积速度和耐磨性。稀土元素Y的添加量在0,04g/L时,所得镀层的综合性能最好。     

指甲花萃取物对镍从瓦特镀液中电沉积的影响(英文)

采用赫尔槽试验、分散能力测定法、扫描电镜、X射线衍射、能谱分析、硬度测量及交流阻抗谱,研究指甲花萃取物(主要成分为2-羟基-1,4-萘醌)对镍从瓦特镀液中电沉积(以低碳钢为基体)的影响。在温度40~50°C和pH4.5~5.0的条件下,从含60mL/L指甲花萃取物的瓦特镀镍液中得到的镀层具有良好的耐蚀性和硬度。指甲花萃取物作为瓦特镀镍液的添加剂,极大地提高了镀液的分散能力和电流效率。在最佳指甲花萃取物浓度下所得的镀镍层为晶态,结晶细致。     

耐热耐腐蚀氨基磺酸盐镀镍工艺的改进

针对螺母零件局部镀镍的质量要求,通过强化镀前处理(如增加应力消除工序及采用腐蚀/预镀镍处理)、优化镀液组成(如降低主盐浓度,提高硼酸浓度,适量添加十二烷基硫酸钠)及工艺条件(如缩窄pH范围,严格控制电流密度,适当搅拌),提高了氨基磺酸盐镀镍层的附着强度,改善了镀层的致密性。对于厚度为15～20μm及20～40μm的镀层而言,538℃下保温2h后无起泡或剥离,再中性盐雾试验48h后无锈蚀。     

Corrosion resistance properties of electroless nickel composite coatings

Electroless nickel (EN) composite coatings incorporated with PTFE and/or SiC particles demonstrated significantly improved mechanical and tribological properties as well as low surface energy which are desired for anti-sticking and wear resistant applications. The corrosion resistance of these composite coatings, however, has not been systematically studied and compared. This work aimed to investigate the corrosion characteristics of EN composite coatings using electrochemical measurements which include open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic test. The effects of the co-deposited particles on corrosion behavior of the coatings in 1.0 N H₂SO₄ and 3% NaCl media were investigated. The surface autocatalytic properties and the post-heat-treatment on coating corrosion resistance were also discussed. The results showed that both EN and EN composite coatings demonstrated significant improvement of corrosion resistance in both acidic and salty atmosphere. Ni striking substantially enhanced the corrosion resistance due to the improvement of the surface autocatalytic properties and homogeneity. Proper post-heat-treatment significantly improves the coating density and structure, giving rise to enhanced corrosion resistance.     

镍-碳化钨纳米复合镀层的制备与性能

采用电镀的方法制备出Ni-WC纳米复合镀层,镀液组成为:NiSO4·7H2O 250 g/L,NiCl2·6H2O 30 g/L,H3BO3 30 g/L,光亮剂0.1 g/L,纳米WC颗粒5～ 30 g/L,表面活性剂及分散剂适量.研究了温度、电流密度及pH对复合镀层外观的影响,得到最佳电镀工艺条件为:温度50～55...     

Influence of in-flight particle state diagnostics on properties of plasma sprayed YSZ-CeO2 nanocomposite coatings

This article describes the influence of controlling in-flight hot particle characteristics on properties of plasma sprayed nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings. This article depicts dependence of adhesion strength of as-sprayed nanostructured YSZ coatings on particle temperature, velocity and size of the splat prior to impact on the metallic substrate. Particle temperature measurement is based on two-color pyrometry and particle velocities are measured from the length of the particle traces during known exposure times. The microstructure and adhesion strength of as-sprayed nano-YSZ coatings were studied. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results revealed that morphology of coating exhibits bimodal microstructure consisting of nano-zones reinforced in the matrix of fully melted particles. The coating adhesion strength is noticed to be greatly affected by the melting state of agglomerates. Maximum adhesion strength of 42.39 MPa has been experimentally found out by selecting optimum levels of particle temperature and velocity. The enhanced bond strength of nano-YSZ coating may be attributed to higher interfacial toughness due to cracks being interrupted by adherent nano-zones.     

尿素变性对大豆分离蛋白粘接强度和分子结构的影响

大豆分离蛋白基胶粘剂由于具有环境友好性、生物降解性和可再生性而受到人们的关注。研究了尿素变性对大豆分离蛋白粘接强度及对蛋白分子结构的影响。结果表明,蛋白质经过尿素变性后,随着尿素浓度的增加,蛋白质分子展开的程度过大反而对粘接强度有不利的影响。在对榉木进行粘接时,1mol/L尿素变性获得的粘接强度最大。     

Effect of the thermal history of a rubber composite on the adhesion strength

In this study, the geometry of the tyre cord adhesion test (TCAT) was used to evaluate the adhesion strength between rubber and fibre. The activation energy (ΔE) of rubber compound used in this study was 72.43 kJ mol^?1 and the difference of cure state between the inside and outside regions of the TCAT specimen with curing time was elucidated using the value of ΔE. The difference in cure state between the inside and outside regions of the TCAT specimen corresponded to the effect of 5.06 min of curing time. The cure state of the inside region of the TCAT specimen greatly affected the final adhesion strength and the results were confirmed by additional experiments. It was concluded that optimum adhesion between rubber and cord could not be obtained in a TCAT specimen unless the additional curing time to reach the optimum cure state of the inside region of the TCAT specimen was taken into account. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effects of the functional groups of polystyrene on its adhesion improvement and corrosion resistance

Novel functionalized polystyrenes having groups such as epichlorohydrin, epoxy, acetyl, C=C double bond, and carboxyl were synthesized by the reaction of polystyrene with epichlorohydrin, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and organic anhydrides in the presence of Lewis acid catalysts. The adhesion capability and corrosion resistance of the new synthesized functionalized polystyrenes to metals under various conditions were investigated. A very good relationship was observed between the quantity of functional groups bonded to the aromatic rings of the polystyrenes and the adhesion and corrosion resistance properties of the polyfunctionalized polystyrenes. It was also observed that the new polyfunctionalized polystyrenes obtained by chemical modification with maleic anhydride, acetic anhydride, isoprene, butadiene, and epichlorohydrin in the presence of cationic catalysts resulted in high adhesion and anti-corrosion properties.     

镁合金直接化学镀镍工艺及镀层性能

AZ31D镁合金上直接化学镀镍的较佳工艺条件为:硫酸镍14～22g/L,次磷酸钠20～28 g/L,柠檬酸5～7 g/L,乙酸钠9～17 g/L,氟化氢铵8 g/L,40%(体积分数)的氢氟酸12 mL/L,硫脲2 mg/L,pH(用氨水调节)6.2～6.4,温度75～85℃,时间10～60 min.在此条件下获得的化...     

Investigation of the mechanical,thermal, and anticorrosion properties of epoxy nanocomposite coatings: Effect of synthetic hardener and nanoporous graphene

In the present study, epoxy samples containing nanoporous graphene (NPG) were synthesized and analyzed in terms of mechanical, morphological, thermal, adhesion, and anticorrosion properties. To this end, the employed curing agents (hardeners) were synthesized and NPG content was varied from 0 to 1 wt %. By using a hardener with aliphatic side chains, the toughness of the nanocomposite was improved without a decrease in the modulus. Adding 1 wt % NPG increased the modulus of the nanocomposite by about 30%. The dynamic mechanical results showed an increment in the glass transition of the samples containing 1 wt % NPG. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images were used to observe the fracture surface of the nanocomposites. The thermogravimetric analysis analysis also confirmed that using synthetic hardener and NPG as the nanofiller enhanced the thermal resistance of the samples. The images of the protected metal panel surfaces and their coatings were used to study adhesion and anticorrosion properties. These results indicated that the hardener synthesized in this work along with NPG improved the mechanical, thermal, adhesion, and anticorrosion properties of the epoxy nanocomposites effectively. The specific characteristic of the synthetic hardener was its chemical structure including both aliphatic and cyclic polyamines as the side groups. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46201.     

Internal stress and wet adhesion of organic coatings

Internal stress in organic coatings has been considered for a long time as the origin of cracking and checking. However, much more interesting and informative are changes of internal stress when coatings are exposed to water. It is demonstrated that these changes indicate interfacial relaxation processes at the coating/support interface, which are related to wet adhesion and to the recovery of adhesion after the evaporation of water and allow the measurement of the permeability of coatings on substrates to water. There is evidence that a special state of adhesion exists before delamination takes place, which may be characterized as ‘sliding or mobile bonding’.     

Protective flexible coatings on copper by spontaneous polymerization

Spontaneous polymerization (S‐Poly) is a novel process for forming protective polymer coatings on metals. The S‐Poly mechanism on copper is discussed for one typical monomer system. Poly(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether methacrylate (EEM), a flexible monomer, was first introduced into a styrene/N‐phenyl maleimide system that we had used for aluminum and steel. The effects of EEM on the composition, apparent molecular weight, thermal properties, and other properties of the coatings were studied with reflectance Fourier transform infrared, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and water‐uptake and adhesion experiments. N‐(4‐Fluorophenyl) maleimide (4FMI), a strongly hydrophobic monomer, was further incorporated into the EEM copolymer for improved water impermeability. The resultant coatings, which included EEM and 4FMI units, showed good bonding strength to copper and better ductility and protective properties than other coatings in both corrosion and pinhole tests. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1749–1757, 2002     

pH对低温镀铁组织形貌及性能的影响

介绍了低温镀铁的工艺配方及流程.利用扫描电镜观察了镀层的组织形貌,利用硬度计测试了镀层硬度,利用锉刀法和热震法检验了镀层的结合强度,考察了pH对沉积速率、显微硬度和耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,所得镀层结合力良好,pH为1.0时,沉积速率最高,耐蚀性能最好;镀层硬度随pH的升高而增大,最大值为587.43 HV.