PRODUCTION OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN AIR

Carbon nanotubes were produced by plasma discharging of graphite electrodes in air at 1 atm. The combined yield of CNTs and carbon nanoparticles is ∼20 wt % relative to the mass of cathode deposits or 14 wt% of graphite electrode consumed. The yields of CNTs and carbon nanoparticles under different inert gas atmospheres, such as He, Ar, N₂, and air were compared.     

矿物在合成纳米炭管中的催化作用

采用了电弧放电方法合成纳米炭管,在使用Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｔｉ、Ｚｒ等金属元素作催化剂的基础上,探索天然矿物－黄铁矿（ＦｅＳ２）、磁黄铁矿（Ｆｅ１－ｘＳ）、方铅矿（ＰｂＳ）、磁铁矿（ＦｅＦｅ２Ｏ４）、刚玉（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）及合成ＦｅＣｌ３、ＮａＣｌ、ＫＣｌ等化合物作催化剂合成纳米炭管的途径,讨论其催化机理。实验说明：用矿物（化合物）作催化剂合成纳米炭管是可行的,并有应用潜力,其催化效果与电子层结构、化合物键性类型、晶体缺陷等密切相关。就催化效果而言,总体上表现出过渡金属元素催化效果优于非过渡金属元素,晶体结构中共价键程度高的化合物（含金属键或改性的共价键的化合物）催化效果好于离子键程度高的化合物。     

碳纳米管的纯化

碳纳米管的研究是纳米材料研究中的新领域。本文介绍了数种不同的碳纳米管的纯化方法,并且对其纯化机理做了解释。     

碳纳米管的制备

本文综述了碳纳米管的几种制备工艺及相关的生长机制。     

用空气氧化法高效纯化炭纳米管

使用碱对炭纳米管进行了预处理,由于碱是一种分散剂,可以加强炭纳米颗粒和氧化剂的反应,使炭纳米管和其它形式的炭相分离。本法和Ａｊａｙａｎ所采用的空气氧化法相比,具有纯化效率高、炭纳米管烧损少等优点。     

碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散与有序排列研究--(Ⅱ)碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的有序排列

提高碳纳米管（CNTs）在聚合物基体中排列的有序性，对推动聚合物/碳纳米管（CNT）纳米复合材料的研究、应用和发展具有重要的意义.本文从离位（exo-situ）有序排列、力场取向、磁场取向和静电纺纱技术等方面，综述了提高CNTs在聚合物基体中有序排列方法的最新研究进展。     

碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散与有序排列研究--(Ⅰ)碳纳米管在聚合物基体中的分散

聚合物/碳纳米管（CNT）纳米复合材料，可将聚合物良好的加工性能和碳纳米管（CNTs）优异的功能化性质结合起来.目前，面临的主要挑战之一是如何提高CNTs在聚合物基体中的分散性.文中综述了优化物理共混、原位聚合和化学修饰等方法在改善CNTs在聚合物基体中分散性方面的最新研究动态。     

纳米碳管电化学储氢的研究进展

纳米碳管的储氢是近年来纳米碳管领域研究的一个热点。纳米碳管储氢研究有两种方法，一种是气相法，另一种是电化学法。本文对纳米碳管电化学储氢的基本原理、纳米碳管电化学储氢的理论计算以及氢与纳米碳管的相互作用机制，特别是目前单壁和多壁纳米碳管电化学储氢的实验研究进展进行了综述，展望了利用其电化学储氢特性作为高性能电池的可能性。     

具有分形特征的碳纳米管束的储氢性能研究

分形学体现了科学与美学的完美结合,在众多领域得到了广泛的应用。该文提出了碳纳米管束的分形结构,并将该结构应用于碳纳米管的储氢问题。研究表明,分形碳管束的储氢体积密度高于普通碳管束,并且,通常只需要1级分形结构就可以得到较好的储氢性能。此外,该文通过对不同分形形式的比较,发现内部包含七个碳管的分形结构的储氢性能最优。     

Tersoff—Brenner势函数在纳米碳管研究中的应用

介绍一种以键序概念来描述原子间作用的势函数－Tersoff-Brenner势函数表达式和其碳氢系统中的参数化情况,综述了Tersoff-Brenner势函数在单壁纳米碳管的几何结构优化、力学性能、生长机理等理论研究中的应用,并且讨论了这个函数增加长程作用形式,以期能够在单壁在单壁纳米碳管储氢的理论研究中得到应用。     

EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF NbSe2 NANOTUBES

In this work, we report the production of NbSe₂ (niobium diselenide) nanotubes formed by irradiating NbSe₂ with high doses of electron irradiation. The apparatus used for the irradiation was a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator at the following conditions: voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5 μA, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1000 kGy. These conditions were maintained fixed while irradiation dosage was changed between 100, 250 and 500 Mrad. We observed enormous and very well defined nanotubes with a length of several nm and width of a few nm, which are hollow and capped at one end. As the level of irradiation is increased to 500 Mrad, onion-like structures were observed.     

EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF NbSe2 NANOTUBES

In this work, we report the production of NbSe₂ (niobium diselenide) nanotubes formed by irradiating NbSe₂ with high doses of electron irradiation. The apparatus used for the irradiation was a 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator at the following conditions: voltage 1.3 MeV, current 5 μA, dose rate 25 kGy/min, and total dosage 1000 kGy. These conditions were maintained fixed while irradiation dosage was changed between 100, 250 and 500 Mrad. We observed enormous and very well defined nanotubes with a length of several nm and width of a few nm, which are hollow and capped at one end. As the level of irradiation is increased to 500 Mrad, onion-like structures were observed.     

碳纳米管的非破坏性纯化研究

针对化学气相沉积法制备的碳纳米管进行了非破坏性纯化研究,对原始的碳纳米管样品采用先酸化再煅烧的步骤进行了处理。并用热重分析方法（TGA）准确地确定了碳纳米管和无定形碳分离的煅烧温度,在碳纳米管得到纯化的同时,避免了碳纳米管的损失和破坏,为得到纯将的高质量碳纳米管提供了一种新的手段和方法。     

含碳纳米管的聚合物复合材料研究进展

介绍了近年来含碳纳米管的聚合物复合材料的研究状况,对直接共混法、原位聚合法和溶胶-凝胶法三种制备含碳纳米管聚合物复合材料的工艺进行了比较分析,指出了含碳纳米管聚合物复合材料研究中面临的一些问题,并探讨了该类复合材料的发展方向。     

聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料研究进展

聚合物／碳纳米管复合材料近年来引起人们广泛的关注。本文综述了聚合物／碳纳米管复合材料的研究进展，重点介绍了聚合物／碳纳米管复合材料的类型、制备方法及力学、电学和光学性能等。     

OPTIMIZATION OF THE ELECTRON IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF MoTe2 NANOTUBES

In this paper, we report the study of the production of MoTe₂ (molybdenum ditelluride) samples after a high dose of electron irradition. A 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator was used to irradiate the sample at the following conditions: 1.3 MeV voltage, 5 μA current, 25 kGy/min dose rate, and 1000 kGy total dosage. These conditions are maintain fixed while the irradiation dosages were changed to 50, 100, 200, and 500 Mrad. The optimization of the dosage used for the production of MoTe₂ nanotubes was obtained from the analysis of the samples that were examined in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The most efficient production of MoTe₂ nanotubes was obtained at the range between 100 and 200 Mrad. A very typical characteristic was obtained for rotated structures with angles of 4, 5, 7, 8, and 12° observed in the diffraction pattern for MoTe₂.     

OPTIMIZATION OF THE ELECTRON IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF MoTe2 NANOTUBES

In this paper, we report the study of the production of MoTe₂ (molybdenum ditelluride) samples after a high dose of electron irradition. A 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator was used to irradiate the sample at the following conditions: 1.3 MeV voltage, 5 μA current, 25 kGy/min dose rate, and 1000 kGy total dosage. These conditions are maintain fixed while the irradiation dosages were changed to 50, 100, 200, and 500 Mrad. The optimization of the dosage used for the production of MoTe₂ nanotubes was obtained from the analysis of the samples that were examined in a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The most efficient production of MoTe₂ nanotubes was obtained at the range between 100 and 200 Mrad. A very typical characteristic was obtained for rotated structures with angles of 4, 5, 7, 8, and 12° observed in the diffraction pattern for MoTe₂.     

碳纳米管的特性及其高性能的复合材料

碳纳米管具有超强的力学性能、极高的纵横比和独特的导电特性,是制备复合材料的理想形式。评述了目前碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其应用研究的动态。用化学镀方法制备的镍基碳纳米管复合镀层比传统的复合镀层具有更高的耐磨性能,结构为非晶态。讨论了复合镀制备金属基碳纳米管复合镀层的优越性及应用。用原位聚合法合成了导电聚苯胺-碳纳米管的复合材料,可以作为电池和电化学超级电容器的电极材料。      

THE INFLUENCE OF SYNTHESIS PARAMETERS ON THE PRODUCTION OF MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES BY THE FERROCENE CATALYZED PYROLYSIS OF TOLUENE

A high yield (∼32 wt.%) of multiwalled carbon nanotubes was obtained in an iron catalyzed reaction. This was achieved in the temperature range 800-1000°C under an atmosphere of H₂/Ar by an improved solution injection method in a horizontal reactor using toluene as carbon source and ferrocene as catalyst precursor. The pyrolysis temperature, ferrocene concentration, solution feeding rate and carrier gas flow rate all influenced the yield of carbon nanotubes and the thickness of the aligned carbon nanotube films. The carbon nanotubes was prepared in high purity using optimized pyrolysis conditions.     

THE INFLUENCE OF SYNTHESIS PARAMETERS ON THE PRODUCTION OF MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES BY THE FERROCENE CATALYZED PYROLYSIS OF TOLUENE

ABSTRACT

A high yield (～32?wt.%) of multiwalled carbon nanotubes was obtained in an iron catalyzed reaction. This was achieved in the temperature range 800–1000°C under an atmosphere of H₂/Ar by an improved solution injection method in a horizontal reactor using toluene as carbon source and ferrocene as catalyst precursor. The pyrolysis temperature, ferrocene concentration, solution feeding rate and carrier gas flow rate all influenced the yield of carbon nanotubes and the thickness of the aligned carbon nanotube films. The carbon nanotubes was prepared in high purity using optimized pyrolysis conditions.