T型半导体量子线的动态屏蔽效应

采用动态屏蔽库仑势计算了T型半导体量子线的载流子自能,讨论了电子、空穴的自能及其对量子线截面尺度的依赖关系。计算结果表明,准一维体系具有很强的量子限域效应,显著增强了载流子间的有效库仑作用。受电子间强烈散射的影响,动态屏蔽导致了电子能带重整化及寿命的很大变化。与准静态近似计算结果相比,动态屏蔽效应对空穴的影响较小。     

掺杂T型半导体量子线的量子限域效应与有效库仑作用

采用双带模型研究了掺杂半导体量子线中的量子限域效应及有效库仑作用。通过有限元方法数值求解复杂边界条件下薛定谔方程,获得了T型砷化镓量子线中载流子的单粒子波函数。载流子间的有效库仑作用通过包络函数近似获得。研究发现,重空穴量子限域效应强于电子,空穴间的有效库仑作用随控制电场增大,而电子间的有效库仑作用则减弱。电子与空穴间的有效库仑作用变化规律较为复杂,反映了电子与空穴的局域与离域性的相互竞争关系。     

Application of the MTSVD unfolding method for reconstruction of primary X-ray spectra using semiconductor detectors

A thorough knowledge of the primary spectrum is very important to perform a quality control (QC) of X-ray tubes. In previous works, a methodology to assess primary spectrum using a Compton spectrometer and applying the Monte Carlo (MC) method has been analyzed. By means of a Monte Carlo model, a response matrix can be built, relating the Pulse Height Distribution (PHD) recorded in the detector to the primary X-ray spectrum. Subsequently, an unfolding method based on the application of a Modified Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (MTSVD) is applied to the response matrix to assess the primary spectrum. Germanium (Ge), Silicon (Si) and Cadmium-Telluride (CdTe) detectors are considered in this work. The main goal of the paper is to determine whether the MTSVD unfolding method is adequate to provide an acceptable reproduction of spectra for these detectors.     

用离子束技术研究稀磁半导体和纳米磁性材料

综述用离子束技术研究稀磁半导体和纳米磁性材料的构建、调控和改性的进展和现状。离子束注入是优选的构建和调控方法,测试结果表明在GaN和ZnO等新半导体光电材料中注入Mn、Ni和Co等过渡金属离子可得到低温和室温下的铁磁性。离子束分析技术给出这些新材料薄膜的微结构信息,透射电镜下观察到过饱和剂量Mn+注入GaN形成的纳米磁性颗粒。     

Gas absorption and discharge behaviors of lead-lithium

The absorption of rare gas in the lead-lithium has been quite low and the gas is used as a cover-gas to control the environment of experiment. In our previous thermo-fluid experiment by using lithium-lead, it was found the cover gas pressure enclosed in the very leak tight container of lithium-lead was decreased with time, that is, the gas-absorption of the solid lithium-lead occurred at room temperature under atmospheric pressure. The variation of pressure exceeded the retention of argon in lead-lithium which is expected by the published data. Therefore, we aim to confirm those phenomena under well-controlled experimental condition by using argon, nitrogen and helium. According to the results of gas exposure tests, the absorption of argon in the lead-lithium is comparable with that of helium even at the solid state. For the molten state of lead-lithium, the absorption of argon could be larger than that of helium. It is also observed from the TPD-MS analysis that the argon tends to desorb when the phase change of lead-lithium occurs. If the retention of argon in the lead-lithium cannot be ignored, the problem of Ar-41 activity should be taken into consideration as well as the problem of argon bubble in the lead-lithium.     

半导体器件与电路辐照响应测试系统

介绍用于测量ＭＯＳ电容、ＭＯＳＦＥＴ、半导体元器件和集成电路辐照效应的微机测试系统及其功能，并给出该系统在半导体辐射损伤研究甲的应用实例．     

First principle studies on the electronic structures and absorption spectra in KMgF3 crystal with fluorine vacancy

The experiments indicate that the perfect KMgF₃ crystal has no absorption in the visible range, however the electron irradiation induces a complex absorption spectrum. The absorption spectra can be decomposed by five Gaussian bands peaking at 2.5 eV (488 nm), 3.4 eV (359 nm), 4.2 eV (295 nm), 4.6 eV (270 nm) and 5.2 eV (239 nm), respectively. The purpose of this paper is to seek the origins of the absorption bands. The electronic structures and absorption spectra either for the perfect KMgF₃ or for KMgF₃: with electrical neutrality have been studied by using density functional theory code CASTEP with the lattice structure optimized. The calculation results predicate that KMgF₃: also exhibits five absorption bands caused by the existence of the fluorine ion vacancy and the five absorption bands well coincide with the experimental results. It is believable that the five absorption bands are related to in KMgF₃ crystal produced by the electron irradiation.     

Correlation between induced embryo toxicity and absorption dose of enriched uranium in testes

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^134Cs的骨吸收剂量诱发骨髓PCE微核率及其持续作用

研究了机体内污染＾１３４Ｃｓ在小鼠骨骼中的滞留过程和吸收剂量诱发骨髓嗜多染红细胞生核率的量效关系及其持续作用特性。由＾１３４Ｃｓ在骨骼中滞留动态拟合方程导出其半滞留其为５．７３天；＾１３４Ｃｓ诱发骨髓ＰＣＥ的微核形成率随机体摄入＾１３４Ｃｓ放射性活度的增加而升高，且在骨髓ＰＣＥ微核形成率与摄和＾１３４Ｃｓ放射性活度之间     

Studies on absorption coefficients of dual-energy γ-rays and measuring error correction for multiphase fraction determination

In this article, principle and mathematical method of determining the phase fractions of multiphase flows by using a dual-energy γ-ray system have been described. The dual-energy γ-ray device is composed of radioactive isotopes of 241Am and 137Cs with γ-ray energies of 59.5 and 662 keV, respectively. A rational method to calibrate the absorption coefficient was introduced in detail. The modified arithmetic is beneficial to removing the extra Compton scattering from the measured value. The result shows that the dual-energy γ-ray technique can be used in three-phase flow with average accuracy greater than 95%, which enables us to determine phase fractions almost independent of the flow regime. Improvement has been achieved on measurement accuracy of phase fractions.     

Time-dependent radiolytic yields at room temperature and temperature-dependent absorption spectra of the solvated electrons in polyols

The molar extinction coefficients at the absorption maximum of the solvated electron spectrum have been evaluated to be 900,970,and 1000 mol~(-1).m~2 for 1,2-ethanediol (12ED),1,2-propanediol (12PD),and 1,3-propanediol (13PD),respectively.These values are two-third or three-fourth of the value usually reported in the published report. Picosecond pulse radiolysis studies have aided in depicting the radiolytic yield of the solvated electron in these sol- vents as a function of time from picosecond to microsecond.The radiolytic yield in these viscous solvents is found to be strongly different from that of the water solution.The temperature dependent absorption spectra of the solvated electron in 12ED,12PD,and 13PD have been also investigated.In all the three solvents,the optical spectra shift to the red with increasing temperature.While the shape of the spectra does not change in 13PD,a widening on the blue side of the absorption band is observed in 12ED and 12PD at elevated temperatures.     

Symmetry energy dependence of the pygmy and giant dipole resonances in an isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics model

Isospin-dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics model (IQMD) has been applied to investigate the Pygmy Dipole Resonance (PDR) and Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) in Ni isotopes by Coulomb excitation. By Gaussian fitting to the photon emission spectra, the peak energies and strengths of PDR and GDR are extracted. Their sensitivities to impact parameter, incident energy and the symmetry energy are discussed. By the comparison of energy-weighted sum rule (EWSR) with the data and other calculations for 68 Ni, the parameters of density-dependence of symmetry energy in the IQMD are constrained. In addition, the N/Z dependence of PDR and GDR parameters of Ni isotopes are investigated, and the results that the EWSR increases linearly with the N/Z are obtained.     

Study of plasma-based stable and ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave absorption for stealth application

A plasma-based stable,ultra-wideband electromagnetic (EM) wave absorber structure is studied in this paper for stealth applications.The stability is maintained by a multi-layer structure with several plasma layers and dielectric layers distributed alternately.The plasma in each plasma layer is designed to be uniform,whereas it has a discrete nonuniform distribution from the overall view of the structure.The nonuniform distribution of the plasma is the key to obtaining ultra-wideband wave absorption.A discrete Epstein distribution model is put forward to constrain the nonuniform electron density of the plasma layers,by which the wave absorption range is extended to the ultra-wideband.Then,the scattering matrix method (SMM) is employed to analyze the electromagnetic reflection and absorption of the absorber structure.In the simulation,the validation of the proposed structure and model in ultra-wideband EM wave absorption is first illustrated by comparing the nonuniform plasma model with the uniform case.Then,the influence of various parameters on the EM wave reflection of the plasma are simulated and analyzed in detail,verifying the EM wave absorption performance of the absorber.The proposed structure and model are expected to be superior in some realistic applications,such as supersonic aircraft.     

MeV碳离子及碳团簇C2+注入PC膜的光吸收谱研究

研究了MeV碳离子及碳团簇C2 注入的聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate,PC)膜.光吸收谱研究结果表明,离子注入在聚合物近表面产生了断键及缺陷,改变了PC的光吸收性质,在可见光区域有较明显的吸收,并且吸收边与注入离子的种类、能量和注量密切相关.X射线光电子谱(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)对PC的近表面结构和成分配比进行了分析,证实了以上的结论.     

Classical and quantum mechanical rainbow-scattering of fast He atoms from a KCl(0 0 1) surface

Fast He atoms with energies from 200 eV up to 16 keV are scattered under grazing polar angles of incidence from a flat and clean KCl(0 0 1) surface. For scattering along low-index directions (axial surface channeling) we observe pronounced peaks in the angular distributions of scattered projectiles which can be attributed to rainbow scattering. From classical and semiclassical trajectory calculations based on individual Hartree-Fock pair and density functional theory (DFT) potentials, we obtain corresponding rainbow angles for comparison with the experimental data. The calculations were performed taking into account the rumpling of K and Cl in the topmost surface layer. Fair agreement with the experimental data is found for scattering along 〈1 0 0〉 for DFT as well as individual pair potentials calculated from Hartree-Fock wave functions.     

Investigation on the stability of water-soluble ZnO quantum dots in KB cells by X-ray fluorescence and absorption methods

The structural stability of water-soluble ZnO quantum dots (QDs) in oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cells was studied by the External Micro Proton Induced X-ray Emission (External Micro-PIXE) technique and the X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurement. The External Micro-PIXE and XAFS experiments were respectively performed at the JAEA and the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The elements’ distributions were detected by the External Micro-PIXE technique. The XAFS method was applied to obtain information about zinc (Zn) K-edge spectra. The fits of the XAFS data showed that the Zn-O bond structure of water-soluble ZnO QDs was stable after being absorbed by KB cells. Its local structural parameters were almost identical with those of the standard wurtzite structure. Water-soluble ZnO QDs had good structural stability in KB cells.