Combustion synthesis and photoluminescence of SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy phosphor nanoparticles

Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ co-doped strontium aluminate (SrAl₂O₄) phosphor nanoparticles with high brightness and long afterglow were prepared by glycine–nitrate solution combustion synthesis at 500 °C, followed by heating the resultant combustion ash at 1100 °C in a weak reductive atmosphere of active carbon. The average particle size of the SrAl₂O₄:Eu,Dy phosphor nanoparticles ranges from 15 to 45 nm as indicated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The broad-band UV-excited luminescence of the SrAl₂O₄:Eu,Dy phosphor nanoparticles was observed at λ_max=513 nm due to transitions from the 4f⁶5d¹ to the 4f⁷ configuration of the Eu²⁺ ion. The results indicated that the main peaks in the emission and excitation spectrum of phosphor nanoparticles shifted to the short wavelength compared with the phosphor obtained by the solid-state reaction synthesis method. The decay speed of the afterglow for phosphor nanoparticles was faster than that obtained by the solid-state reaction method.     

水热法制备ZnO及其光致发光

以氯化锌做为原料,氢氧化钠为矿化剂,在温度180℃、反应15h的条件下,利用水热法制备ZnO粉体。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和光致发光谱表征其晶体结构、微观形貌和光学性能。表征结果表明,随着反应溶液pH值的增大,ZnO的微观结构逐渐由一维棒状变成三维花状。对三维花状ZnO的形成机理进行了讨论,研究了pH对ZnO粉体的光致发光的影响。     

硅酸盐氧基磷灰石的溶胶凝胶法制备与表征

为了提高电导率,以溶胶-凝胶法制备了硅酸盐氧基磷灰石.通过TG-DTA、XRD和IR分析,研究了从凝胶转变为硅酸盐氧基磷灰石过程中凝胶焙烧温度的影响.结果表明,制备Sr2La8(SiO4)6O2、La9.33(SiO4)6O2和La10(SiO4)6O3时凝胶的焙烧温度分别为850、950℃和950℃;间隙氧可能诱发晶体结构扭曲,晶胞体积变大.通过IR和XRD分析,证实了在La9.33(SiO4)6O2和La10(SiO4)6O3磷灰石中间隙氧的存在.     

Combustion synthesis and photoluminescence study of UV emitting LaBaB<Subscript>9</Subscript>O<Subscript>16</Subscript> phosphors

The borate phosphor LaBaB₉O₁₆ doped with Ce³⁺ ion intentionally and successfully synthesized using solution combustion rout using metal nitrates as precursors and urea as fuel. The phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The XRD patterns of the phosphor confirmed the successful crystallization of LaBaB₉O₁₆. The average crystallite size calculated using the Debye Scherer equation. The PL excitation spectra of LaBaB₉O₁₆ exhibited broad spectra peaking at 275 nm. Upon excitation with ultraviolet (UV) radiation at 274 nm the phosphor exhibited a broad band UV emission peaking at a wavelength of 335 nm corresponding to the 4f⁰5d¹??4f¹ transition of the Ce³⁺ ion. Moreover the influence of concentration of Ce³⁺ ion on luminescence properties has also been studied. Optimum concentration of Ce³⁺ ions in the prepared phosphor was found to be 0.05 mol. For this concentration the critical distance R₀ was calculated to be 22.04 Å. Finally, the Stokes shift for the synthesized phosphor was calculated to be 6512 cm^??1 using corresponding excitation and emission.     

ZnO nanocones: Solvothermal synthesis and photoluminescence properties

Ellipsoidal and prism shaped ZnO nanocrystals with hexagonal cross-sections have been synthesized by a simple solvothermal process. The ellipsoidal ZnO nanocrystals possessed a unique hexagonal cross-section having two sharp pointed ends and a flattened central part. The well faceted prism like particles resembled hexagonal cones in their shape. Dimensions of the nanocrystals increased systematically with the increase in the synthesis temperature. The synthesized nanocrystals exhibited near band edge UV emission centered at ～400 nm. An additional defect related green emission band at ～500 nm was observed from the samples synthesized at higher temperatures.     

Combustion synthesis of borate phosphors

A fast and simple method of preparation, based on the combustion synthesis, is described for the synthesis of borate based PL phosphors which can be used for commercial lamp applications. Phosphors with various structures, incorporating different activators could be successfully prepared. PL intensities of (Gd_0.6Ce_0.2Tb_0.2)MgB₅O₁₀, SrB₄O₇:Eu²⁺ and La_0.88Gd_0.1Bi_0.02B₃O₆ were found to be comparable with those of the corresponding commercial phosphors.     

无模板微波辅助合成多孔氧化锌纳米球及其光致发光

通过对醋酸锌和三乙醇胺的水溶液微波辐照5min制得了半导体ZnO多孔纳米球。粉体用XRD、EDS、FESEM、TEM和HRTEM进行了表征。结果表明,ZnO多孔球为六方纤锌矿相结构,球直径在200～400nm之间,球表面富含有大量的孔隙。对比试验讨论了碱的浓度对晶体生长的影响,分析了可能的反应机理。室温下的PL光谱表明粉体在388nm处较强的激子发射和中心区在550nm处较宽的黄绿光发射。     

Combustion synthesis of AlN whiskers

Long and coarse AlN whiskers comprising more than 80 vol% of the combustion product have been successfully produced through combustion synthesis. Addition of ammonia halides can accelerate the vaporization of Al, and retard the deposition rate of AlN, with the result that the growth of AlN whiskers is markedly promoted. A growth model for a spiral whisker by a helical screw dislocation mechanism, or a combination mechanism of a helical screw dislocation and the VLS process, is proposed. Periodic interactions of vacancies and the tip of a screw dislocation cause the growth of a spiral whisker in the model. Under an atmosphere of supersaturated “AlN vapor,” the growth of whiskers along the axial direction slows down and gradually arrests, due to the limitation of the diffusion distance. A series of deposition sites are then produced at regular, isolated locations along the center line on the prismatic plane, and eventually cause the formation of dendritic whiskers.     

Combustion synthesis of borate phosphors

A fast and simple method of preparation, based on the combustion synthesis, is described for the synthesis of borate based PL phosphors which can be used for commercial lamp applications. Phosphors with various structures, incorporating different activators could be successfully prepared. PL intensities of (Gd_0.6Ce_0.2Tb_0.2)MgB₅O₁₀, SrB₄O₇:Eu²⁺ and La_0.88Gd_0.1Bi_0.02B₃O₆ were found to be comparable with those of the corresponding commercial phosphors.     

MoO_3微纳米片的简单制备及其光致发光性能

采用简单热氧化蒸发沉积法在ITO玻璃基片上制备了大面积MoO3微纳米片。制备出的微纳米片具有良好晶体结构,其长度、宽度和片层厚度分别可达100,1~5μm和约100nm;微纳米片沿[001]方向生长,这是因为晶体各方向键合能的不同而具有不同的生长速度,其形成过程遵循气-固生长机制。光致发光谱显示室温下MoO3微纳米片同时具有紫光发射峰、蓝光发射峰和绿光发光带,发射光强度随氧化沉积温度升高而增大,这是由于温度升高,微纳米片缺陷增加导致的。     

Combustion synthesis of graphene and ultracapacitor performance

Graphene sheets are synthesized by a simple method starting from graphitic oxide as a precursor. Reaction of graphitic oxide at 250 °C with a combustion mixture of urea and ammonium nitrate results in the formation of thin graphene sheets. Graphene formation is characterized by XRD, TGA, XPS and TEM. Graphene materials synthesized by this method are investigated as an ultracapacitor material. Specific capacitance values of about 70 F/g are obtained at a current density of 100 mA/g by using KOH as an electrolyte.     

Combustion synthesis and properties of mullite-zirconia composites

Mullite-zirconia composite powders were prepared by the combustion of an aqueous heterogeneous redox mixture consisting of Al(NO₃)₃, Zr(NO₃)₄/ZrO(NO₃)₂, silica fume and urea/diformyl hydrazine at 500 °C. X-ray diffraction data showed that a large amount of tetragonal zirconia existed in the composite powders in spite of high temperature calcination. Milled composite powders showed enhanced densification compared to the unmilled powders and the microstructure of the sintered (1600 °C) compacts showed the presence of spherical zirconia grains in intergranular positions along with elongated mullite grains.     

Microwave-assisted synthesis of BaWO4 nanoparticles and its photoluminescence properties

Single-crystal BaWO₄ nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized under microwave irradiation. The results show that nearly monodisperse BaWO₄ nanoparticles have been successfully prepared without using surfactants. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL). The XRD results indicated that the BaWO₄ nanoparticles obtained had a tetragonal unit cell (a = 0.5612, c = 1.2706 nm). The TEM images show that the as-prepared BaWO₄ have good narrow particle-sized distributions containing a number of nanoparticles with uniform sizes. The products show a strong photoluminescence peak at 432–436 nm with the excitation at 365 nm.     

Solvothermal synthesis of hexagonal ZnO nanorods and their photoluminescence properties

Pure hexagonal ZnO nanorods were synthesized by low-temperature (90 °C) solvothermal treatment of zinc acetate in 40-80 wt.% hydrazine hydrate aqueous solutions. The products were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and room temperature photoluminescence (RTPL) spectra. They show a strong UV emission at around 380 nm upon excitation at 360 nm using a Xe lamp at room temperature. The influence on the quality of the nanorods was investigated while the content of the solvent changed. The as-synthesized ZnO nanorods are promising materials for nanoscale optoelectronic devices due to their excellent UV emission properties.     

Combustion synthesis: an update

Combustion synthesis has emerged as a facile and economically viable technique for the preparation of advanced ceramics, catalysts and nanomaterials. Recent innovations in the combustion and processing parameters have resulted in a better understanding of combustion phenomena and control of microstructure and property of the products.     

CdWO4纳米棒的制备及光致发光性能

以Na2WO4.2H2O和CdCl2.2.5H2O为主要原料,以表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为添加剂,水热反应合成了CdWO4纳米棒。用XRD、TEM、EDS、SAED等对产物进行了表征,初步探讨了CdWO4纳米棒的形成机理,测试了CdWO4纳米棒的光致发光(PL)谱。结果表明:产物为长0.8～1.5μm,直径40～120nm的CdWO4纳米棒;SDBS对CdWO4纳米棒的形成起了关键作用,浓度为0.01mol/L条件下制备的CdWO4纳米棒的长径比最大;随着Cd-WO4纳米棒长径比的增大,其PL光谱增强。     

Hydrothermal synthesis and photoluminescence properties of cerium-doped cadmium tungstate nanophosphor

The present paper reports synthesis and photoluminescence studies of cadmium tungstate (CdWO₄) and cerium-doped cadmium tungstate. The samples were synthesised by low cost and low temperature hydrothermal method and characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence analysis. XRD pattern reveals that the CdWO₄ has monoclinic wolframite structure. The FTIR spectrum of cerium-doped CdWO₄ exhibits broadband below 700 cm^?1 which is due to the δ (Ce–O–C) mode. The TEM images show that size of particle is approximately 60–120 nm in both samples. A broad intense peak was observed at 474 nm when the samples were excited with 263 nm. A broad intense peak was observed at 475 nm when the samples were excited with 600 nm. The intensity of the 474 nm peak decreases with increase in cerium doping concentration. The observation of 475 nm peak when excited with 600 nm is upconversion luminescence. This upconversion emission is due to energy transfer upconversion process involving Cd²⁺ ions and [WO₆]^6? ions. Ce³⁺ ion is responsible for the peak shift of 6 nm.     

阵列纳米ZnO的一种新颖的制备方法及其光致发光特性研究

将锌粉、炭粉和氧化锌粉末混合,用简单的热蒸发方法一步就合成了大量的尖锥状纳米ZnO阵列,该方法克服了其它制备方法需要先单独制备催化剂再合成ZnO的缺点而且得到产物不含杂质.用SEM、EDX、XRD和PL对样品进行了形貌、结构和发光特性分析.结果表明,生成的锥状阵列纳米ZnO为六方纤锌矿结构,产物中氧的含量不足,初步探讨了阵列纳米ZnO结构的生长机理和光致发光性质.