INFLUENCE OF SURFACTANT ON TWO-PHASE FLOW REGIME AND PRESSURE DROP IN UPWARD INCLINED PIPES

The influence of a surfactant on the two-phase flow regime and the pressure drop in upward inclined pipes is investigated for various gas/liquid flow rates.The air/water and air/100 ppm sodium dodecyl sulphate aqueous solution are used as the working fluids.The influence of the surfactant on the two-phase flow regime in upward inclined pipes is investigated using the electrical tomographic technique.For 0o,2.5o and 5o pipe inclinations,the surfactant has obvious effect on the transition from the stratified wavy flow to the annular flow,and the range of the stratified smooth flow regime is also extended to higher gas velocities.For 10o pipe inclination,no stratified flow regime is observed in the air/water flow.In the air/surfactant solution system,however,the stratified flow regime can be found in the range of and.For all inclination angles,the changes of the pressure gradient characteristics are accompanied with the flow pattern transitions.Adding surfactant in a two-phase flow would reduce the pressure gradient significantly in the slug flow and annular flow regimes.In the annular flow regime,the pressure gradient gradually becomes free of the influence of the upward inclined angle,and is only dependent on the property of the two-phase flow.     

LUMPED PARAMETER NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF PRESSURE DROP OSCILLATION IN TWO-PHASE FLOW IN EVAPORATOR TUBES

The pressure drop oscillation is analyzed by using a lumped parameter nonlinear model in this paper. It is concluded that the instability of pressure drop type can be deseribed by a second-order ordinary differential equation. The effect of operation condi- tions on the pressure drop oscillation can be examined by two dimentionless parameter and ri. The result obtained with the model agreed qualitatively with experimental results.     

INVESTIGATION ON FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF ANNULAR TWO-PHASE FLOW THROUGH THE VENTURITUBE

A model that incorporates the important phenomena in the annular gas-water flow through the Venturi tube is presented. A series of experiments are carried out to measure the flow and heat transfer characteristics in cold and hot conditions. Comparison between numerical and experimental results shows good agreement.     

SIMULATION OF LOW-CONCENTRATION SEDIMENT-LADEN FLOW BASED ON TWO-PHASE FLOW THEORY

Low concentration sediment-laden flow is usually involved in water conservancy, environmental protection, navigation and so on. In this article, a mathematical model for low-concentration sediment-laden flow was suggested based on the two-phase flow theory, and a solving scheme for the mathematical model in curvilinear grids was worked out. The observed data in the Zhang River in China was used for the verification of the model, and the calculated results of the water level, velocity and river bed deformation are in agreement with the observed ones.     

THE FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS LIQUID TWO PHASE FLOW IN HELICAL COILED TUBES

1.　INTRODUCTIONThe equipments with helical-coiled tubes have been widely applied in industry,such asnylon production,boiler,special heat exchangers,nuclear power station and so on.Manyauthors have been done lots of experimental studies on frictional resistance characteristics ofgas liquid two-phase flow in helical-coiled tubes[1 ] [2 ] .But,there has been rate related treat-mentby means of dimension analysis andπtheorem.The experimentof frictional resistance characteristics of gas-liqui…     

SOLUTION OF RELATIVE PERMEABILITY OF TWO-PHASE FLOW IN POROUS MEDIUM

ＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＬＡＴＩＶＥＰＥＲＭＥＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＯＦＴＷＯ－ＰＨＡＳＥＦＬＯＷＩＮＰＯＲＯＵＳＭＥＤＩＵＭＬｕＹｕ－ｌｉｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｏｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ，ＤａｌｉａｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇ...     

FLOW PATTERN AND PRESSURE LOSS OF OIL-WATER TWO-PHASE FLOW IN HORIZONTAL STEEL PIPE

Experimental Study on oil-water two-phase flow patterns and pressure loss was conducted on a horizontal steel pipe loop with 26. 1mm inner diameter and 30m total length. The working fluids are white oil, diesel oil and tap water. Several instruments, including a new type of liquidprobe are successfully integrated to identify 7 different flow patterns. The characteristics of the flow patterns and the transition process were observed and depicted in this paper.Investigation revealed that the pressure loss was mainly depended on the flow paiterns.     

THE LINEAR HOMOGENEOUS FLOW MODEL FOR TWO-PHASE FLOW INSTABILITY IN BOILING CHANNELS

ＮＯＭＥＮＣＬＡＴＵＲＥＤ　ｉｎｎｅｒｄｉａｍｅｔｅｒ (ｍ)Ｑ　ｈｅａｔｆｌｕｘ (ｋｗ/ｍ2 )ｆ　ｆｒｉｃｔｉｏｎａｌｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｃｏｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔＴ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ (°Ｃ)Ｇ　ｍａｓｓｆｌｏｗｖｅｌｏｃｉｔｙ (ｋｇ/ｓ.ｍ2 )ｔ　ｔｉｍｅ (     

BASIC EQUATIONS AND WAVE THEORY OF GAS-LIQUID TWO-PHASE TRANSIENT FLOW

This paper is aimed at a systematic discussion on the basic equations for two-phasetransient flow and the theory of pressure waves and interfacial waves.The characters of the ba-sic equations have been analyzed.The formulas for wave speed of pressure and interfacial waveshave been derived.It has been proved that various mathematical models can be unified by theproposed integrating model and various wave speed formulas can be unified by the derived uni-versal formula.The basic equations for the separated flow model are ill-conditioned because ofthe unreasonable neglect of the pressure differences between the phases and the interfaces.Driftflux model can improve the accuracy if some additional equations are provided.However theymust be carefully chosen.The basic equations for homogeneous flow model are well-conditionedand they can be used in two-phase transient flow,especially in the cases of no velocity slips be-tween the phases.     

ANALYSIS OF TWO-PHASE FLOW PRESSURE BUILDUP DATA FROM WELL IN AN INFINITE MULTIWELL RESERVOIR

A general method has been developed for analyzing two-phase flow pressure buildup data from a well located in a system of both production and injection wells completed in an infinite muhiwell reservoir. The analysis technique assumes that the tested well has established its own drainage area before shut-in and a linear reservoir pressure trend dominates the well pressure behavior at the instant of shut-in. And for the two-phase flow problems the horizontal saturation gradients are assumed to be negligible. The entire pressure rcsponse, whether or not conventional semilog straight lines exist, can be analyzed and the Injection-Production Ratio （IPR）, the total fluid （oil/water） mobility, the average drainage-area pressure, and also the skin factor can be calculated much easily. The validity and applicability of the method are demonstrated by a field example. The technique by using the type curves for analyzing the pressure-buildup data is also presented here.     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON 2-D WATER-AIR TWO-PHASE FLOW OVER TOP OUTLET

Flood discharge over top outlet of dam is simu-lated by 2-dimension water-air two-phase mathematical model.Distribution of dynamic pressure, turbulent kinetic energy (k), turbulent dissipation rate (ε) , free water surface and veloci-ty field have been obtained. The simulated results were testedby physical model, which shows that the computed results areidentical with that of the physical model.     

ANALYSIS OF TWO-PHASE FLOW PRESSURE BUILDUP DATA FROM A WELL IN AN INFINITE MULTIWELL RESERVOIR

NOMENCLATURE A1———drainage area of the tested well ( Well 1) At———total reservoir drainage area B———two-phase formation volume factor C———wellbore storage coefficient Cf———rock compressibility fator Co———oil compressibility fator Cw———water compressibility fator Ct———compressibility fator K———reservoir permeability m———slope of a semilog straight line m1———slope defined by Eq.(12) p-———average reservoir pressure-pD———di mensionless average drainag…     

A MODEL FOR PREDICTING PHASE INVERSION IN OIL-WATER TWO-PHASE PIPE FLOW

1. INTRODUCTION Flows consisting of mixtures of two immisciblefluids such as oil and water are encountered frequentlyin many areas of the process industry and in thepetrochemical industry. The phase inversion refers toa phenomenon where, with a small chan…     

INFLUENCE OF YOUNG'S MODULUS ON DRAG-REDUCTION IN TURBULENT FLOW USING FLEXIBLE TUBES

In order to develop technologies of friction drag reduction with a flexible tube to be used for water transport, experimental studies were carried out on the influence of Young's modulus on the turbulent drag reduction. The friction coefficients of flexible tubes with different Young's modulus were examined by using a sleeve-tube structure. The fluctuating vibration of the outer wall and the fluctuating pressure on the inner wall of the tubes were measured with a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor. The results are as follows. The smaller the Young's modulus of a flexible tube and the larger the Reynolds number, the larger the turbulent drag reduction rates become. The transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow can be delayed with an appropriate Young's modulus. Non-dimensional amplitude of fluctuating vibration on the outer wall is smaller than that of a viscous sub-layer thickness, and is positively correlated with the friction drag reduction.     

ON THE MECHANISM OF DRAG REDUCTION IN HIGH CONCENTRATION NON-HOMOGENEOUS PIPE FLOW

In this paper a method for calculating the resistance force in high concentrationnon-homogeneous pipe flow is suggested.Comparing with experiment,it is shown that the theo-retical results are in good agreement with the experimental ones.     

STABILITY OF VORTEX STREET IN GAS-LIQUID TWO-PHASE FLOW

The stability of the Karmen vortex street in gas-liquid two-phase flow was studied experimentally and theoretically. The values of the parameter h/l characterizing the vortex street structure (i. e. , the ratio of the vortex street width to the distance between two vortexes) for a stable vortex street in gas-liquid two-phase flow were obtained for the first time. The parameter h/l was prpved to be a variable, not a constant as in single-phase flow, h/l is related to the upstream fluid void fraction. In gas-liquid two-phase fluid flow to form a steady vortex street is more difficult than in a single-phase fluid flow. Because in the unsteady vortex shedding the vortex shedding band frequency is broader than the one in the single phase fluid flow, so it is easier to induce the cross-cylinder resonance than in the single phase fluid flow, and this case should give rise to the attention of engineers.     

EFFECT OF SUSPENDED PARTICLE ON STABILITY OF INTERFACE OF MOVING TWO-PHASE JET

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THE LINEAR SEPARATED FLOW MODEL FOR TWO－PHASI FLOW INSTABILITY IN BOILING CHANNELS

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PDA MEASUREMENTS OF TWO-PHASE FLOW STRUCTURE AND PARTICLE DISPERSION FOR A PARTICLE-LADEN JET IN CROSSFLOW

The two-phase flow structure and particle dispersion for a dilute particle-laden jet in crossflow(JICF) were experimentally investigated by means of Phase Doppler Anemometry(PDA) measurement.The two-phase flow experiments were conducted for different flow conditions and solid particle parameters,including the ratio of the jet velocity to crossflow velocity,the particle size and mass loading.The experimental results indicate that the fine particles with the size of 70 micron and the mass loading of 0.05% hav...