改性多壁碳纳米管/PET纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为

采用原位复合方法制备出纯PET、MWNTs-COOH/PET和MWNTs-OH/PET纳米复合材料.通过红外测试发现PET以共价键形式接枝到碳纳米管上;用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了改性碳纳米管在PET基体中的分散性;通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究3种纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为,使用Jeziomy法和莫志深法分析3种样品的非等温结晶动力学.结果表明:COOH/OH官能化MWNTs可以较好地分散在PET基体中并且能够作为一种有效的成核剂,改变PET的成核机理;同时可以使PET在较高的温度下结晶,提高了PET的结晶速率并且MWNTs-COOH/PET复合材料起始结晶时间更早,而MWNTs-OH/PET复合材料结晶速率更快.     

PET/石膏晶须复合材料的非等温结晶过程研究

用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对PET/石膏晶须复合材料的非等温结晶过程的结晶行为进行了研究,并利用莫氏理论得到了复合材料的动力学参数F(T)和a。F(T)值随着结晶度的增加,逐渐增大;a值几乎相同,近似常数(在1.5~1.8之间)。     

PET/iPP复合材料非等温结晶动力学研究

采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了不同含量PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)纤维的PET/iPP(全同立构聚丙烯)复合材料的非等温结晶特性,考察了降温速率及PET纤维含量对PET/iPP复合材料非等温结晶性能的影响.结果表明,PET纤维可提高iPP的结晶温度.减少结晶时间,增大结晶速率.     

PET/PTT合金非等温结晶行为的研究

采用差示扫描量热仪对熔融共混制备的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）/聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯（PTT）合金的非等温结晶行为进行研究。结果表明,在相同的降温速率时, 随着PTT含量的增加,PET/PTT合金结晶峰温度向低温方向移动,而且当合金中PET与PTT含量接近时,合金样品出现了双重结晶峰;在降温结晶的过程中,随着降温速率的增大,各合金样品结晶峰温度均降低,其结晶峰均宽化;采用Jeziorny法对上述非等温结晶过程进行了分析,分析结果表明,随着降温速率的增大,各合金样品非等温结晶速率常数增加,其Avrami指数在1~5之间,并且逐渐减小。     

PET/PBT共混物非等温结晶行为的研究

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯/聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PET/PBT)共混物的非等温结晶行为;研究了冷却速率对PET/PBT滑/石粉(Talc)成/核剂(P250)共混物结晶行为的影响。对其数据分别采用Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和Mo法进行处理。结果表明:PET/PBT共混物在加入滑石粉后相对结晶度(Xc)有所下降,但是结晶速率提高;PET/PBT/Talc体系单独引入成核剂体系效果更优;PET/PBT/Talc/P250体系随降温速率的增大,结晶度下降,结晶速率加快;Jeziorny法和Mo法处理非等温结晶过程比较理想,Ozawa法则具有一定的局限性。     

低TiO_2含量的PET非等温结晶性能的研究

采用差示扫描量热法研究了低二氧化钛(TiO_2)含量对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的非等温冷结晶和熔融结晶性能的影响。结果表明:PET中加入TiO_2质量分数为0~0.3%时,随着TiO_2含量的增大,PET的结晶温度下降,熔融结晶温度升高,晶粒分布变窄,结晶能力增强;在冷结晶过程中,加入TiO_2的质量分数小于0.3%时,其对PET结晶起一定抑制作用,当TiO_2质量分数为0.3%时,Jeziorny结晶速率常数与纯PET的相当,半结晶时间比纯PET的小;在熔融结晶过程中,加入TiO_2,PET的Avrami指数值增大,半结晶时间有所减小,但对PET的熔融结晶速率影响不大。     

改性PET非等温结晶行为的研究

用差示扫描量热法研究了ＰＥＴ及改性ＰＥＴ的非等温结晶动力学,结果表明：ＰＥＴ及改性ＰＥＴ均随冷却速率的增加,结晶峰峰温向低温方向移动。经改性后的ＰＥＴ,其结晶能力和结晶速率均有所下降,且随改性剂的不同,其结晶能力和速率也不同     

PTT的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用DSC方法对PTT在不同冷却速率下的结晶过程进行了研究,并与PET进行了对比,其结晶动力学用Mandel Kern方法来处理。结果表明,PTF相对于PET更易成核结晶,PTT半结晶时间比PET长,冷却速率对PTT的半结晶时间影响大,并且PTF的非等温结晶动力学曲线的线性较PET好,能够更好的遵循Mandel Kern方法。     

PET/PP共混体系的熔融及非等温结晶行为

用熔融共混法制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。对复合体系的形态结构、熔融及非等温结晶行为进行了研究。结果表明:两相界面或PP相对PET结晶无明显的异相成核效应;当PP为连续相时,已结晶的极性PET粒子对PP的异相成核作用较为明显;而当PP为分散相时,固态的PET在一定程度上阻碍了PP分子链的运动,促使PP结晶均相成核趋势增加。与纯PET或PP相比,共混体系中两组分结晶的完善程度都有所下降。     

PBT /纳米SiO2非等温结晶动力学研究

熔融制备了PBT/纳米SiO₂复合材料,用DSC分别研究了SiO₂在低含量(0.3%质量分数)和高含量(3%)时的非等温结晶行为;并分析了PBT/纳米SiO₂复合材料的结晶动力学。结果表明,纳米SiO₂对PBT有异相成核作用,加入纳米SiO₂后,显著提高了PBT结晶温度,加快了其结晶速率。结晶动力学表明,莫志深法很好的吻合了PBT/纳米SiO₂复合材料体系,而Ozawa方法并不太适合。通过结晶活化能的计算,表明在低含量(0.3%)时有更好的结晶能力。     

齐聚物对PET结晶性能的影响

运用差示扫描量热法研究了不同齐聚物含量的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)的非等温结晶过程。结果表明:随齐聚物含量的增加,PET的熔融结晶温度向低温偏移,过冷度增大,结晶热焓增加,结晶度先增大后减小;在相同的结晶温度下,随着齐聚物含量的增加,PET的结晶温度区域逐渐变宽,半结晶周期增大,结晶速率降低。     

二氧化钛含量对PET非等温结晶性能的影响

采用差示扫描量热法研究了不同二氧化钛(Ti O2)含量聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的非等温冷结晶和熔融结晶性能。结果表明,与纯PET相比,在二氧化钛含量小于2.4%时,消光PET的冷结晶动力学常数Zc基本不变,半结晶时间t1/2略有减小;随着二氧化钛含量的增加,熔融结晶动力学常数Zc逐渐增大、半结晶时间t1/2逐渐减小,结晶速率加快;Avrami指数n先逐渐增大,当二氧化钛含量达到2.4%后又减小。     

PTT非等温结晶动力学研究

采用差示扫描量热仪对PTT进行非等温结晶研究。利用不同动力学模型对其结晶过程进行处理, 并将PTT与PET及PBT的非等温结晶过程进行对比。结果表明:Jeziorny方程和Ozawa方程都可以很好的 描述PTT,PET,PBT的非等温结晶过程;采用结合Avrami方程和Ozawa方程的处理方法,得到了3种聚酯的 结晶速率的大小关系:PBT>PTT>PET。通过计算Ziabicki结晶能力参数,得到3种聚酯的结晶能力的顺序 为:PBT>PTT>PET。     

BHET/纳米TiO2催化合成PET性能的研究

采用对苯二甲酸双羟乙酯(BHET)/纳米TiO_2复合材料为催化剂合成聚酯(PET),研究了催化剂的催化活性以及所合成PET的性能。结果表明:催化剂添加量为16.5μg/g(换算成TiO_2的有效含量)时,酯缩聚时间为80 min,所合成的PET的色度b值达到纤维级聚酯切片一级品标准;PET成型加工性能优异,PET初生纤维拉伸4.0倍时,断裂强度达3.78 cN/dtex,PET薄膜双向拉伸3.7倍时,其断裂强度为116.0 MPa,断裂伸长为122.5%。     

Synthesis and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of biodegradable poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-ethylene succinate)s

In the current work, a series of biodegradable poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-ethylene succinate)s (P[ET-co-ES]s) were prepared via a traditional melting polycondensation method. First of all, the structures of prepared copolymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared measurements. Meanwhile, the thermal properties of prepared samples were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis measurements, respectively. Subsequently, the mechanical properties of the P(ET-co-ES)s were evaluated, the tensile strength of P(ET-co-ES)s decreased with increasing of PES content in copolymer, however, corresponding P(ET-co-ES)s exhibited better elongation at break. Next, the biodegradability of P(ET-co-ES)s was evaluated using lipase as degrading enzyme. The results presented that the biodegradability of P(ET-co-ES)s improved with PES content, the corresponding results were supported by scanning electron microscopy test. Finally, the Mo's modified Avrami equation was employed to analyze the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of prepared copolymers. The results showed the addition of the PES component improved the crystallization properties of the prepared P(ET-co-ES)s. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48422.     

Crystal morphology and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of short carbon fiber/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composites

The crystal morphology and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of short carbon fiber/poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (SCF/PTT) composites were investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optical micrographs suggest that the more content of SCF in composites, the smaller size of the spherulites is. Moreover, the addition of SCF can lead to forming banded spherulites in composites. The Avrami equation modified by Jeziorny, Ozawa theory and the method developed by Mo were used, respectively, to fit the primary stage of nonisothermal crystallization of various composites. The results suggest that the SCF served as nucleation agent, accelerates the crystallization rate of the composites, and the more content of SCF, the faster crystallization rate is. Effective activation energy calculated by the differential iso‐conversional method developed by Friedman also concludes that the composite with more SCF component has higher crystallization ability than that with less SCF content. The kinetic parameters U* and K_g are determined, respectively, by the Hoffman–Lauritzen theory. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Preparation and nonisothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene/layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

Polypropylene (PP)/layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposites were prepared via melt intercalation using dodecyl sulfate anion modified LDH and maleated PP as compatibilizing agent. Evidently the interlayer anions in LDH galleries react with maleic anhydride groups of PP-g-MA and lead to a finer dispersion of individual LDH layers in the PP matrix. The nanostructure was characterized by XRD and TEM; the examinations confirmed the nanocomposite formation with exfoliated/intercalated layered double hydroxides well distributed in the PP matrix. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of resulting nanocomposites was extensively studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique at various cooling rates. In nonisothermal crystallization kinetics, the Ozawa approach failed to describe the crystallization behavior of nanocomposites, whereas the Avrami analysis and Jeziorny method well define the crystallization behavior of PP/LDH nanocomposite. Combined Avrami and Ozawa analysis (Liu model) also found useful. The results revealed that very small amounts of LDH (1%) could accelerate the crystallization process relative to the pure PP and increase in the crystallization rates was attributed to the nucleating effect of the nanoparticles. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) observations also support the DSC results. The effective crystallization activation energy was estimated as a function of the relative degree of crystallinity using the isoconversional analysis. Overall, results indicated that the LDH particles in nanometer size might act as nucleating agent and distinctly change the type of nucleation, growth and geometry of PP crystals.     

PET/分子筛原位聚合复合材料的等温结晶性能

采用原位聚合的方法制备了聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET),分子筛复合材料,并通过差示扫描量热仪研究了不同分子筛含量复合材料的等温结晶性能。结果表明：分子筛的加入有明显的异相成核效果,加快了结晶速率,增加了结晶度,减小了晶粒尺寸分布。在210℃的结晶温度下,当分子筛质量分数为4％时,半结晶时间为156s,结晶热焓为37．84J/g,结晶峰半峰宽为1．88s。     

Melting behavior,isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of EPPE/mLLDPE blends

Melting behavior and crystallization kinetics of easy processing polyethylene (EPPE) and the blends of EPPE/mLLDPE were studied using differential scanning calorimetry at various crystallization temperature and cooling rates. The Avrami analysis was employed to describe the isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization process of pure polymers and their blends, and a method developed by Mo was applied for comparison. Kinetic parameters such as the Avrami exponent (n), the kinetic crystallization rate constant (k and k_c), the peak temperatures (T_p), and the half-time of crystallization (t_1/2), etc. were determined. The appearance of double melting peaks and the double crystallization peaks of the polymers showed that the main chain and the branches crystallize seperately, but the main chains of two polymers can crystallize together and mLLDPE act as nuclei while EPPE crystallizes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008