超声电机多参数驱动器设计

超声电机的性能与幅值、频率、相位差3个输入参数以及输出信号波形精度等因素密切相关。目前的商用驱动器多采用线性放大或推挽电路,既缺乏三参数调控的灵活性,且体积较大,笔者提出了一种基于现场可编程门阵列（field programmable gate array,简称FPGA）和ARM微处理器,可实现多参数在线调整的小型化驱动器方案,主要聚焦多参数驱动和总线式控制。首先,从控制信号生成和驱动架构设计提出了总体方案,驱动架构选择H桥驱动方式;其次,介绍了功率电路及传感检测电路的设计过程,通过输出波形失真度比较了推挽及H桥驱动的波形质量,经测试H桥方案的电机端输出波形失真度较小（5.25%）;最后,应用所设计的多参数驱动器对超声电机进行基本的性能测试,涵盖变参数转速测试、输出力矩测试以及微步进响应测试等内容。结果表明：所设计的超声电机驱动器不仅实现小型化（85 mm×54 mm×23 mm）,而且能够兼顾参数在线快速调整和多传感量检测,有利于电机性能的快速分析及检验,应用该驱动器的测试结果与电机性能参数基本一致,验证了驱动器方案的有效性,为超声电机的多参数耦合控制奠定硬件基础。     

基于ARM的汽车电动助力转向系统

在阐述了电动助力转向系统（EPS）及其控制器（ECU）结构和工作原理的基础上,设计了基于ARM S3C44B0X单片机电动助力转向系统。通过方向控制电路、H桥电机驱动电路和PWM脉宽调制技术实现对电机的控制。研制的硬件控制器通过了有关的电气性能测试,对所设计的硬件系统进行了台架试验,试验结果证明了硬件系统设计的正确性。     

超声电机寿命测试的方法研究

介绍了超声电机寿命测试的原理和试验方法。利用计算机并行接口实现了对超声电机转速、运转周数和运转时间等数据的实时采集和对超声电机运转、停止的控制。该方法成功地应用于南京航空航天大学TRUM系列行波型超声电机的寿命试验。经测试，TRUM系列行波型超声电机的使用寿命达到了300h。     

超声电机的低速检测与分析系统

利用虚拟仪器技术构建超声电机低速测试和分析系统,旨在用LabVIEW软件实现对超声电机低速检测与电参量的特征分析,设计测速方法、滤波和拟合处理来解决低速测试的难点。文章从系统结构、软件设计方法和试验测试几个方面进行详细论述。经试验证明,该系统简单、实用,实现可靠的低速测试与分析。     

基于永磁同步电机的电机控制器检测电路设计及仿真分析

介绍了永磁同步电机及电机控制器的基础知识,并利用有限元分析软件Ansoft建立永磁电机模型并开展仿真计算,设计控制器硬件检测电路。同时运用Altium Designer﹑PSpice软件对硬件电路进行仿真计算。通过测试分析以及试验数据采集,可以有效验证设计电路的合理性,并在实际中得到验证。     

高温环境下超声电机的机械性能测试

研制了一种在高温环境下测试超声电机机械性能的装置,该装置包含了温度环境试验箱、转速转矩测量仪以及连接轴,提出了在高温环境下测试超声电机机械性能的方法.通过该装置和试验方法,对超声电机进行了高温环境试验,其环境温度为50～150℃.试验结果表明:随着环境温度升高,超声电机的转速下降;当环境温度<70℃时,超声电机最大力矩随着温度的上升而增加;当环境温度>80℃时,最大转矩随着温度的上升而下降;当环境温度到150℃时,超声电机不工作,超声电机在高温环境下需要降低其性能使用.该试验装置和试验方法同样适用于低温环境.     

交、直流电机的微机测试系统

本文介绍了一套新型电机综合试验的微机自动测试系统组成及其工作原理。该系统利用微机驱动可编程控制器和相关测试装置,完成电机静、动态特性参数的测试。本文着重讲述了测试系统的硬件和软件设计以及测试性能和特点。该系统实现了电机试验的自动化测试。     

小功率异步电机CAD和CAT系统

东南大学推出小功率异步电机ＣＡＤ（计算机辅助设计）和ＣＡＴ（计算机测试）系统，该系统由多套软件系统组成，ＣＡＤ系统包括三相异步电动机电磁设计程序和专家系统、单相电机电磁设计程序、小功率异步电动机（单相三相）型式试验数据处理程序和工程数据库等ＣＡＤ部分。该系统功能齐全，设计精确度高，用户界面好，全部汉化处理，已为工厂设计生产了数十种电机产品，受到国内外用户的好评。单相电机ＣＡＴ系统用于电机检测试验，能自动完成耐压试验、空载试验和堵转试验等，具有测试、数据处理和产品质量分析、测试速度快、精确度高、抗…     

交,直流电机的微机测试系统

本文介绍了一磁新型电机综合试验的微机自动测试系统组成及其工作原理。该系统利用微机驱动可编程控制器和相关测试装置，完成电机静、动态特性参数的测试。本文着重讲述了测试系统的硬件和软件设计以及测试性能和特点。该系统实现了电机试验的自动化测试。     

电动车用对转双转子电机驱动及防滑试验研究

在研究新型对转双转子电机驱动特性基础上,设计了一套基于硬件在环仿真的双转子电机专用测试平台,并进行了驱动、差速及驱动防滑等试验。试验结果表明,双转子电机具有与理论分析相同的驱动、差速特性。此外,通过模拟驱动系统突然进入低附着路面的情况,验证了轮速跟踪控制策略在双转子电机驱动防滑方面的应用是可行的。     

超声波电机摩擦和磨损特性探究

超声波电机是以摩擦力作为驱动源的新型电机。阐述了其摩擦磨损机制,从力学的角度分析了超声波电机产生非线性的原因:一是定子与转子之间基于摩擦的非线性接触,使得超声波电机系统具有跳跃、滞后等特性;二是温度、磨损等导致电机材料特性和电机输出特性的变化。指出只有提高超声波电机的线性度和稳定性,才能提高它的输出功率,延长其使用寿命。     

基于超声电机的微机械臂系统

针对传统电机驱动机械臂体积大、重量重、定位精度低的缺点,研制了基于超声电机的以DSP控制的微型机械臂系统。该系统主要由机械结构和控制系统组成。机械结构由支架、机械臂和系统升降台等组成,控制系统由上位计算机、超声电机及控制器组成。本系统的实验结果表明：采用PI控制器对超声电机的控制,在微米尺度下可以达到较高的精度要求。     

超声加工韧性材料的材料去除率模型

超声加工是现代超声技术的重要组成部分,在不同类型材料的加工领域都有着广泛的应用.由于在超声加工中脆性材料和韧性材料的材料去除机理完全不同,因此有必要建立韧性材料的材料去除率的数学模型.本文基于接触力学的理论建立了一个新的超声加工韧性材料的材料去除率模型.通过与引用的实验结果进行比较,发现该模型的理论预测值与实验结果十分...     

Chipping minimization in drilling ceramic materials with rotary ultrasonic machining

Ultrasonic machining (USM) has been considered as a new cutting technology that does not rely on the conductance of the workpiece. USM presents no heating or electrochemical effects, with low surface damage and small residual stresses on workpiece material, such as glass, ceramics, and others; therefore, it is used to drill microholes in brittle materials. However, this process is very slow and tool wear dependent, so the entire process has low efficiency. Therefore, to increase microhole drilling productivity or hole quality, rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is considered as a strong alternative to USM. RUM, which presents ultrasonic axial vibration with tool rotation, is an effective solution for improving cutting speed, precision, tool wear, and other machining responses beyond those of the USM. This study aims to reduce the microchipping or cracking at the exit of the hole, which inevitably occurs when brittle materials are drilled, with consideration of tool wear. To this end, response surface analysis and desirability functions are used for experimental optimization. The experimental results showed that the proposed RUM scheme is suitable for microhole drilling.     

基于超声微驱动的超声波振动减摩机理

将超声电动机定子和转子接触区定子表面一点的超声波振动分解成水平振动和垂直振动 ,并分析了两个方向振动对超声电动机驱动作用的影响。提出水平振动产生摩擦驱动力 ,垂直振动影响水平驱动的效果 ,将垂直方向超声波振动的作用等效为普通滑动试验中引入垂直滑动方向超声波振动的作用研究 ,揭示了垂直方向超声波振动是导致超声驱动动摩擦因数降低的原因     

Optimization of correlated multiple responses of ultrasonic machining (USM) process

Ultrasonic machining (USM) process has several important performance measures (responses), some of which are correlated. For example, material removal rate and tool wear rate are highly correlated. Although in the recent past several methods have been proposed in the literature to resolve the multi-response optimization problems, only a few of them take care of the possible correlation between the responses. All these methods primarily make use of principal component analysis (PCA) to consider the possible correlation between the responses. Process engineers may face the difficulty of selecting the appropriate method because the relative optimization performances of these methods are unknown. In this paper, two sets of past experimental data on USM process are analysed using three methods dealing with the multiple correlated responses, and the optimization performances of these three methods are subsequently compared. It is observed that both the weighted principal component (WPC) and PCA-based TOPSIS methods result in a better optimization performance than the PCA-based grey relational analysis method. However, the WPC method is preferable because of its simpler computational procedure.     

驻波型超声波电机及其驱动系统的实验研究

根据振动理论和单相驱动驻波超声波电机的运行机理，进行了该类型超声波电机样机和驱动系统的设计。通过实验，分析了谐振频率、输入电压和预压力时电机特性的影响。     

Analysis on profile accuracy for ultrasonic machining of alumina ceramics

Ultrasonic machining (USM) is a mechanical material removal process which has great potential for machining hard and brittle materials such as ceramics, semiconductors, glasses, etc. The accuracy of the job profile generated by USM can be improved by optimal control of the process parameters. This paper presents the study on the influences of ultrasonic machining process parameters such as abrasive grit size, slurry concentration, power rating, tool feed rate and slurry flow rate on generated hexagonal hole profile. The angular deviations at corner angles, dimensional deviations across flat surfaces and dimensional deviation across corners of the hexagonal hole profile have been studied. Based on experimental results, the influences of abrasive grit size, slurry concentration, power rating and tool feed rate were analysed. From the analysis of parametric influences based on various test results, the best parametric combination was found as grit number of 600, slurry concentration of 30 %, power rating of 50 % and feed rate of 1.08 mm/min for achieving better profile accuracy during machining of Al₂O₃ ceramics. The experimental investigations carried out for determining the influence of USM process parameters will provide effective guideline to select parametric settings for achieving desired job profile accuracy on non-circular holes during ultrasonic drilling of alumina.     

Simplified modeling and generalized predictive position control of an ultrasonic motor

Ultrasonic motors (USM's) possess heavy nonlinear and load dependent characteristics such as dead-zone and saturation reverse effects, which vary with driving conditions. In this paper, behavior of an ultrasonic motor is modeled using Hammerstein model structure and experimental measurements. Also, model predictive controllers are designed to obtain precise USM position control. Simulation results indicate improved performance of the motor for both set point tracking and disturbance rejection.