Ru对镍基高温合金组织形貌的影响

设计并制备两种镍基高温合金,通过组织形貌观察和蠕变性能测试,研究了Ru对镍基高温合金组织形貌及高温蠕变性能的影响。结果表明,Ru对铸态合金的一次/二次枝晶间距无明显影响;相较于无Ru合金,含Ru合金在铸态条件下,枝晶间和枝晶干γ'相的形貌差别较小,两区域的立方度均更好,尤其是在枝晶间区域的相形貌更规则;对两种合金进行完全热处理,含Ru合金的γ'相立方度更高,排列更为规则,含Ru合金γ'相的体积分数为68%。在高温条件下对两种合金进行蠕变性能测试,含Ru合金的高温蠕变寿命明显高于无Ru合金。     

试样尺寸对一种单晶高温合金组织的影响

 通过制备两种不同尺寸单晶试样的凝固试验,研究了试样尺寸对DD3单晶高温合金组织的影响。结果表明,在相同的凝固工艺条件下,试样尺寸增大,合金的一次枝晶间距和二次枝晶间距变大,合金元素的偏析程度稍有增加,枝晶干和枝晶间的铸态γ′相尺寸稍有增大,显微疏松无明显改变,共晶的尺寸和含量增加;经相同的热处理工艺处理后,试样尺寸增大,合金枝晶干和枝晶间的γ′相尺寸稍有增大。     

1070℃热暴露对一种单晶高温合金组织的影响

研究了一种镍基单晶高温合金在1 070℃热暴露不同时间后的组织变化。结果表明:合金的热处理组织由立方化较好γ'相和基体γ相组成。经过1 070℃热暴露处理后,γ相基体通道宽度增加,γ'强化相合并长大;热暴露200 h后,合金没有析出不稳定相(TCP相)。热暴露400 h后,少量TCP相开始在枝晶干区域以细针状的形态析出。经过800 h处理后,显微组织呈现出明显的筏排结构。随热暴露时间增加TCP相析出量明显增多,并由枝晶干范围向枝晶间区域生长。TCP相含有Re、W、Mo和Co等合金元素,衍射分析为σ相,与合金基体取向关系为(110)_σ∥(220)_γ,[012]_σ∥[001]_γ。     

热处理对一种Ni3Al基单晶合金组织的影响

利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对Ni3Al基单晶合金IC21的铸态组织和不同热处理制度后的组织进行了观察,研究了固溶温度和时效温度对合金热处理组织的影响.研究结果表明,IC21单晶合金的铸态组织由γ’相、γ相以及枝晶间的白色块状析出相组成,枝晶干上γ’相尺寸比枝晶间的γ’相尺寸大.IC21单晶合金的初熔温度约为1345℃,热处理窗口约为65℃.枝晶间γ’相的溶解温度低于枝晶干γ’相的溶解温度.固溶温度越高,时效处理后γ’相的尺寸越均匀.一级时效处理温度对γ’相的尺寸、形态和数量有明显影响.随着一级时效温度的增加,γ’相的体积分数和尺寸增加,形状由类球状向立方状再向长条状转变.1320 ℃/10 h/aac+ 1060℃/2 h/ac +870℃/32 h/ac热处理后可使合金获得γ’相尺寸和分布均匀且立方度高的优良组织.     

热处理对FGH95合金组织的影响

研究了热处理对FGH95合金组织变化的影响.研究结果表明材料原始组织为枝晶与再结晶的混合组织.枝晶区沿变形方向拉长,再结晶区晶粒细小.合金主要强化相为γ'相,有3种不同尺寸的γ'相分布在不同区域.另外,还有MC、M3B2等微量强化相.材料热处理时,随固溶温度的升高(1120～1170℃),γ'相逐渐溶解,枝晶区面积减小,再结晶晶粒长大.固溶处理后在盐浴(600～800℃)中冷却,不同盐浴温度淬火后,合金可获得几种不同形状、尺寸、数量、分布的γ'相搭配方式.合金经二次时效处理后,γ'相有所长大,且有部分补充析出.     

Al含量对镍基单晶高温合金组织 和持久性能的影响

采用选晶法在定向凝固炉中制备了5.6 % Al和6.0 % Al的2种单晶高温合金,保持其它合金元素含量相同,热处理后在1 040 ℃长期时效800 h,采用扫描电镜研究了Al含量对合金共晶含量、热处理组织、长期时效组织和持久性能的影响.结果表明,随着Al含量增加,合金铸态组织中的共晶含量稍有增加,热处理组织中枝晶干γ′相无明显变化,枝晶间的γ′相稍有增大.随着Al含量增加,合金时效组织中TCP相析出量增加,枝晶间γ′相筏排化倾向增加,合金的组织稳定性变差.随着Al含量增加,合金的持久寿命增加,延伸率和断面收缩率减小.      

铸型温度对单晶高温合金叶片凝固组织的影响

在高温度梯度真空定向凝固炉中,采用螺旋选晶法通过3种不同铸型温度分别制备了[001]取向的DD6单晶高温合金叶片,利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了不同工艺条件下合金的铸态组织,研究了铸型温度对单晶高温合金凝固组织的影响。结果表明,随着铸型温度的升高,合金的一次枝晶间距和二次枝晶间距变小,合金元素的偏析程度降低,枝晶干和枝晶间的铸态γ′相尺寸减小,共晶的尺寸和含量稍有减小,显微疏松的尺寸和体积分数稍有减小。     

热等静压温度对FGH95粉末高温合金显微组织的影响

热等静压工艺对于直接热等静压粉末高温合金的组织、性能有至关重要的作用.针对PREP法制备的粉末的组织特点,进行了4种热等静压温度对组织影响的研究.实验结果表明,提高热等静压温度可以促进消除残余枝晶、促进再结晶及再结晶晶粒的长大、促进一次γ'相的溶解和二次γ'相的形核和长大.     

铼对单晶高温合金γ、γ''''相的影响

以DD6合金为基础,适当调整铼含量,浇注出4种不同铼含量的单晶合金.通过对标准热处理后合金试样扫描电镜和透射电镜的观察、测量和分析,研究了铼含量对热处理合金γ、γ'相尺寸、分布、体积分数以及合金元素在两相间的分配行为的影响.结果表明,铼对上述各因素的影响显著.     

DSM11合金定向凝固工艺的研究

研究了定向凝固速度对DSM11合金组织结构和性能的影响.结果表明,在获得柱状晶生长的条件下,随凝固速度提高,枝晶间距细化,合金中的γ'相、碳化物和共晶组织细而均匀;当凝固速度为11mm/min时,出现严重的枝晶分叉和不连续现象.凝固速度变化对合金高温持久性能影响显著.凝固速度为7 mm/min时,合金持久性能最高,对应枝晶间距和共晶含量的低谷,伴随着细小枝晶和均匀的显微组织.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)