小鼠脾细胞受电离辐射后合成的核RNA与DNA杂交反应的变化

在DNA与核RNA进行杂交反应的最初4小时内,小鼠脾细胞受~(60)Coγ线4Gy照射后立即合成的核RNA与DNA的杂交速度、杂交率及其被DNA消耗的速度,均大于对照核RNA;随着杂交反应时间的延长,这种照后合成的核RNA与DNA的杂交速度、杂交率及被DNA消耗的速度,均小于对照核RNA。表明DNA不同重复序列区段及同一区段中的不同碱基顺序的转录功能对电离辐射的敏感性不同。随DNA重复度的降低,更多的碱基顺序的转录受到较强抑制。在DNA高度重复序列中某些受照前转录不活跃的碱基顺序的转录活性受到γ线照射的促进或相对促进,而受照前转录活跃的碱基顺序的转录活性却受到γ线照射的抑制。     

姜辣素对60Coγ辐照损伤小鼠抗氧化功能和造血系统的防护作用

选取24只雌性健康昆明小鼠,随机分成(Ⅰ)对照组、(Ⅱ)给药组、(Ⅲ)照射组、(Ⅳ)给药照射组,组Ⅱ和Ⅳ小鼠连续5天灌胃姜辣素,组Ⅰ和Ⅲ则灌胃等量的蒸馏水,第六天组Ⅲ和Ⅳ进行5 Gy60Coγ照射;照后48 h内所有小鼠采血、取骨股、肝脏进行相关指标测定.给药组的骨髓DNA系数、T-SOD(总超氧化物歧化酶)活力、RB...     

γ射线照射后大鼠血清基质金属蛋白酶浓度和活性的变化

以不同剂量γ射线对大鼠进行全身照射,于照后24h用EusA试剂盒检测血清中MMP-2和9的浓度,底物明胶酶谱法检测血清基质金属蛋白酶的活性。结果表明,与其他各剂量组相比,5Gy和6Gy照射组,大鼠照射后24h,血清MMP-2的浓度显著升高（p〈0．01）,MMP-2的活性也随照射剂量增加而增加。而各照射剂量组血清MMP-9浓度和活性变化则无明显差别。结果显示,受照大鼠血清MMP-2浓度和活性的变化具有提示生物受照剂量的潜能。     

~(10)Co-γ射线照射对小鼠脾细胞DNA、RNA及蛋白质合成的影响

本文报道了~(60)Coγ线照射对小鼠脾细胞 DNA、RNA 及蛋白质合成影响的实验研究。结果表明,小鼠脾细胞 DNA 合成在0.5戈瑞照射后即明显受到抑制,而 RNA、蛋白质的合成在2.5戈瑞照射后才受抑显著,表明 DNA 合成对电离辐射比 RNA、蛋白质合成更为敏感。γ线照射抑制这三种生物大分子合成的剂量-效应曲线均是多相形的。     

整体照射后胸腺细胞和脾细胞p16基因转录和蛋白表达的变化

研究X射线全身照射对小鼠胸腺细胞和脾细胞p16基因转录及蛋白表达的影响。采用Northern blot检测p16基因转录水平的变化;采用流式细胞术检测蛋白表达的变化。时程结果表明,2.0Gy照射后4-24h,胸腺细胞p16mRNA水平明显增高,8-48h P16蛋白表达显著增高(p<0.05-p<0.01);照射后4-8h脾细胞p16mRNA水平明显增高,24h P16蛋白表达显著增高(p<0.05)。量效结果表明,0.5-6.0Gy照射后,胸腺细胞p16mRNA水平呈剂量依赖性增高,P16蛋白表达在1.0-4.0Gy组明显高于假照射组(p<0.05-p<0.01);脾细胞p16mRNA水平亦增高,但增幅远低于胸腺细胞,P16蛋白表达在1.0-4.0Gy组明显高于假照射组(p<0.05-p<0.01)。X射线全身照射可诱导胸腺细胞和脾细胞p16基因转录及蛋白表达增高。p16表达参与整体照射诱导细胞G1期阻滞的分子调控。     

大鼠全脑照射后早期海马组织内炎性细胞因子的变化特点

探讨大脑受辐射后炎性细胞因子在脑组织内的变化特征。对被单次全脑2、15、30Gy照射后1h至1w的(Sprague?Dawley,SD)大鼠,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和核糖核酸(RNA)逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT?PCR)分别检测大脑海马组织中IL?1β、IL?6和TNF?α含量和其基因转录产物水平。结果表明,15Gy和30Gy照射后12h内,海马中IL?1β、TNF?α含量与mRNA相对量有显著升高;IL?6含量虽无明显变化,但其mRNA亦有明显升高,这些改变在照射后1d时可恢复至正常水平。受较高剂量全脑辐照后,1d内脑内主要炎性细胞因子的表达量有迅速地增加。     

Ⅱ.自然杀伤细胞毒因子

人扁桃体淋巴细胞经不同剂量(0～40Gy)γ时线照射并用PHA刺激,在不同培养时间(4～96h)内,以MTT法测其上清液中HKCF活性。结果表明:(1)经2.5～40Gy照射,NKCF活性仅被轻度抑制;(2)经48～96h培养后的上清液中NKCF活性明显高于24h培养后的上清液中的。照射剂量与培养时间对NKCF的产量变化没有交互影响。本文报道的NK细胞抗辐射的结果与文献报道的结果相近,而且被慢性炎症激活的扁桃体NK细胞具有更高的抗辐射能力。     

低剂量γ-射线照射人淋巴母细胞诱导BTG2基因mRNA变化

为观察低剂量γ-射线对人淋巴母细胞AHH1 B细胞转位基因2(B cell translocation gene 2,BTG2)基因m RNA表达水平的影响,探讨BTG2基因作为低剂量范围辐射生物剂量计的可能性,采用0-1.0 Gyγ-射线照射人淋巴母细胞,照射后不同时间点(0-72 h)提取细胞总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测BTG2基因的表达变化,分析该基因的时间-剂量效应关系。结果表明,照射后BTG2基因转录水平表达在低剂量范围呈剂量依赖增加,照射后24 h达峰值,之后逐渐下降,在48 h和72 h时处于平台期,在168 h恢复至初始水平。BTG2基因对低剂量电离辐射敏感,有较好的剂量效应和时间效应关系,具有开发为低剂量辐射生物剂量计的潜力。     

X射线全身照射对小鼠脾细胞cyclin B1 和cdc2基因转录水平的影响

采用Northern blot杂交法研究了低、高剂量X射线全身照射后不同时间小鼠脾细胞cyclin B1和cdc2基因转录水平的变化。结果表明,75mGy X射线全身照射后2h及12－24h小鼠脾细胞cyclin B1 mRNA表达量略有升高,分别为假照组的1.25、1.27和1.22倍,48h回降至假照水平;而2.0Gy照射后4h开始下降,12h降至最低,与假照组相比降低了39％,48h恢复至假照组水平。同时观察了cdc2 mRNA表达量的变化,结果表明,与假照组相比75mGy X射线全身照射后2－48h的各时间点小鼠脾细胞cdc2 mRNA表达量未见明显变化;而2．0Gy照射后的时程变化与相同剂量照射后cyclin B1的变化基本一致。结果提示：低剂量辐射可诱导小鼠脾细胞cyclin B1转录水平增高,进而促进其细胞周期进程,但对cdc2转录水平无影响;相反,较高剂量辐射可诱导cyclin B1和cdc2转录水平均明显降低,最终发生G2期阻滞。     

γ射线慢性照射对急性照射诱发兔外周血染色体畸变、微核和淋转率的影响

本文研究了γ线慢性照射对急性照射诱发兔外周血染色体畸变、微核和淋巴细胞转化率的影响。结果表明,先给家兔以0.26mGy/min(0.05Gy/d)的γ线连续照射20天(累积剂量1.0Gy后,立即以0.25Gy/min的γ线急性照射2.0Gy,其所诱发的外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率、微核率与单纯急性照射组比较明显减低,而淋巴细胞转化率却明显增高。     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

有效探测面积大于1000 cm2的正比计数器测量系统性能测试

为对自制的活性面积高达1 000 cm²的大面积源进行表面发射率定值,同时作为现有2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置能力的扩充,研制了一套内置式大面积2π多丝正比计数器测量系统,并利用活性区直径为8 mm的²⁴¹Am点源及活性区面积为10 cm×15 cm的大面积²⁴¹Am和⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源对其进行计量学性能测试。结果表明：计数器内计数响应均匀性优于±0.4%,有效探测面积达1 400 cm²;所得²⁴¹Am源高压坪曲线的坪长为1 400 V,坪斜为0.27%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.87%;⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y源高压坪曲线的坪长为300 V,坪斜为0.75%/100 V,坪区内计数变化为0.80%;10次测量重复性好于0.4%,8 h内短期稳定性好于0.3%,1 a内长期稳定性好于0.8%。     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.