频响函数残差法在有限元模型修正中的应用

准确的有限元模型能够真实有效地反映实际结构的动态信息,为缩小结构建模中的误差极有必要对结构有限元模型进行修正。目前,基于模态频率、振型和频响函数的模型修正方法应用最广。其中基于频响函数的修正方法避免了模态参数识别过程的误差,且不受测试自由度数限制,与模态频率和振型的模型修正方法相比更具有优势。基于频响函数的修正方法按目标可分为频响函数相关性法和频响函数残差法。频响相关性法立足于形状和幅值相关性与参数灵敏度的关系,与频响函数残差法相比,丧失了频响函数与设计参数的直接关联,导致在部分结构模型修正中出现振荡不收敛现象。为此,基于实际测试结构对比研究两种方法在有限元模型修正中的应用,并分析频率点数和频带范围对基于频响函数残差法的模型修正的影响。结果表明频响函数残差法能够稳定收敛且具有高效性;同时,合理的频率点数和较宽频带范围有利于提高频响函数残差法的修正效率。     

基于频响函数的逆子结构方法误差分析

目的 通过分析随机误差在基于试验频响函数(FRFs)的逆子结构分析方法中的传递,得出随机误差对预测结果的影响规律,为基于逆子结构方法分析复杂结构的动态特性提供参考价值.方法 对获得的系统频响函数施加不同程度(1％,5％,10％)的随机误差,对比分析各个耦合系统频响函数对预测子结构频响函数的影响.结果 对耦合系统频响函数施加随机误差后,采用逆子结构方法对耦合系统解耦后预测的子结构频响函数严重偏离真实值,尤其是共振频率附近,所施加的随机误差在预测子结构频响函数中甚至被放大了数十倍,导致预测结果不可靠;且耦合系统耦合点处的频响函数对预测结果的影响最大.结论 通过分析明确了系统频响函数所携带的随机误差对预测结果的影响规律,且这些误差将随着矩阵的求逆运算被放大,且交叉耦合系统频响函数对预测结果的影响最为显著.     

全相位Hv频响函数估计在MIMO随机振动

首先选用对噪声抑制效果较好的Hv估计方法,然后引入对泄露有明显抑制效果的全相位FFT频谱分析方法,构成全相位Hv频响函数估计方法,改善了频响函数估计效果,减小了频响估计误差对MIMO随机振动试验控制效果的影响.最后在钢质悬臂梁上做两输入两输的Hv估计和全相位Hv估计的对比试验以及两种估计结果在MIMO随机振动试验控制的应用效果,试验结果验证了全相位Hv频响函数估计对改善了随机振动试验控制效果的有效性.     

基于试验数据的频响函数综合法概述

利用子结构方法对舰艇上复杂隔振系统进行建模分析时,因子结构的复杂性而无法准确获取其动力学模型,一种解决办法是采用试验测得的子结构频响函数数据进行基于频响函数的子结构综合。为提高子结构频响函数测试结果的精度和基于试验数据的频响函数综合结果的精度,采用频响函数综合算法、子结构频响函数测试误差的消除方法、子结构转角自由度频响函数的测试、频响函数数据的测试及影响因素等几个方面进行总结,并采用基于试验数据的频响函数综合法对一复杂隔振系统进行建模分析,得到较好的效果。可在进行实际隔振系统的子结构测试和综合时提供参考。     

基于不完备频响函数辨识结合部等效参数的研究

研究了输出信息不完备情况下结合部等效动力学参数的辨识问题,阐述了一种较为通用的结合部等效动力学参数辨识方法.首先采用实验与有限元法相结合,辨识出试验中难以获取的频响函数,构造出完备频响函数.然后通过完备频响函数,运用迭代算法辨识出结合部等效动力学参数.在辨识过程中,建立损失函数模型,将问题转化为求解损失函数的最小值问题.该方法不需要求出模态参数,所以同样适用于大阻尼系统或者模态密集系统的结合部参数辨识.由于只需部分易测的频响函数,所以具有很好的工程应用性.最后通过算例验证了本方法具有很高的辨识精度.     

基于频响函数的结构损伤识别模型修正方法

针对模型修正中测量数据不完备问题,提出一种利用频响函数结合结构损伤识别进行模型修正的方法。首先,采用频响函数摄动分析法建立频响函数灵敏度方程,并综合考虑结构响应对参数变化的灵敏度及阻尼对振幅的影响等因素,合理选择频率范围;然后,利用完好结构的频响函数和测量得到的损伤结构固有频率重构损伤结构未测量节点的频响函数;最后,研究与模型修正相适应的传感器优化布置方法,确定传感器数目及测点位置,从而为模型修正提供所需的频响数据。数值模型试验表明,利用较少数量的传感器提供的频响数据即可识别出损伤位置和损伤程度,得到与结构实际参数相符的模型修正结果。     

基于频率响应函数的动力学模型修正方法研究

概述了国内外动力学模型修正技术的研究状况，研究了近些年发展起来的基于频响函数的动力学模型修正方法；利用航天器振动试验测量所得的频响函数，从理论上介绍了频响函数残差法、设计参数型频响函数法和摄动型频响函数法三种基于频响函数的动力学模型修正方法，为动力学模型修正技术的发展提供参考。     

基于加速度频率响应函数的结构损伤测量方法研究

提出了一种利用加速度频响函数对结构的损伤进行定位和定量分析的方法，该方法分别利用试验测量和模型计算所得的加速度频响函数对动力学模型的刚度矩阵、质量矩阵、阻尼系数进行修正，使修正后模型的加速度频响函数与试验测量所得的相一致，利用其修正的差值即可对结构的损伤进行定位和定量分析。该法具有明确的物理意义，避免了模态分析，便于形成实时监测系统。数值算例检验了方法的有效性和精度。     

基于频响函数的结构损伤识别模型修正方法

针对模型修正中测量数据不完备问题,提出一种利用频响函数结合结构损伤识别进行模型修正的方法。首先,采用频响函数摄动分析法建立频响函数灵敏度方程,并综合考虑结构响应对参数变化的灵敏度及阻尼对振幅的影响等因素,合理选择频率范围;然后,利用完好结构的频响函数和测量得到的损伤结构固有频率重构损伤结构未测量节点的频响函数;最后,研究与模型修正相适应的传感器优化布置方法,确定传感器数目及测点位置,从而为模型修正提供所需的频响数据。数值模型试验表明,利用较少数量的传感器提供的频响数据即可识别出损伤位置和损伤程度,得到与结构实际参数相符的模型修正结果。     

基于频响函数和遗传算法的结构损伤识别研究

提出一种基于频响函数和遗传算法的结构损伤识别方法.以单元刚度折减因子为遗传算法的优化变量,以测试频响函数和计算频响函数的形状相关系数来构造遗传算法的优化目标函数和适应度函数;为克服二进制编码的缺点,采用浮点数编码方案;最后通过一个桁架结构模型进行数值模拟,计算结果表明,即使在考虑一定测量噪声水平的情况下,仍然能够准确识别出结构的多处损伤,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.     

Probability density function for frequency response function measurements using periodic signals

Frequency response function (FRF) measurements are often used to characterize linear dynamic systems. Today, uncertainty bounds on FRF measurements still are based on linear approximations, which are valid for sufficiently large input signal-to-noise-ratios (SNR) only. In this paper, exact uncertainty bounds are calculated, which are valid for any input SNR. These bounds are obtained via an analytic expression of the probability density function (pdf) of the FRF measurements. The results are valid for open- and closed-loop measurements, and the theory is illustrated on a real measurement example.     

Static response function in superfluid4He

Rigorous lower and upper bounds for the static response function in superfluid⁴He at zero temperature are derived using a sum rule approach. The ingredients needed to calculate the bounds are taken from recent Monte Carlo simulations for the ground state. The new bounds improve significantly the Feynman approximation and provide estimates of the static response function in agreement with the experimental data at zero pressure.     

Modeling the response function of dual-enzyme microbiosensors

A general theoretical model for competitive dual-enzyme microbiosensors based on self-assembled monolayers (SAM) is presented. The model is derived for amperometric dual-enzyme ATP sensors and provides excellent agreement with experimental ATP measurements at 25 microm diameter microelectrodes. In this model, the statistical probability of a glucose molecule in competition between two enzymes, glucose oxidase (GOD)/hexokinase (HEX), at the ATP sensor surface is combined with the enzymatic reaction rate. Thereby, a simple model predicting the sensor signal for varying surface concentrations of GOD and HEX, glucose concentration, and ATP concentration is obtained. Excellent agreement of the predicted current signal with experimentally obtained sensor signals was achieved at ATP concentrations between 10 and 300 microM in a buffer containing glucose at physiologically relevant levels. Consequently, the development time for new dual-enzyme biosensors can be reduced, and an analytical model for the sensor response function is provided facilitating the calibration of enzymatic biosensors.     

Variability response function approach for foundation reliability

This paper explores the applicability of variability response functions to nonlinear soil–structure interaction problems, focusing on the impacts of spatially variable soil properties on foundation reliability regarding the settlement response. An estimation scheme is proposed to obtain the response functions, which involves a periodic function to approximate the relationship between foundation response and phase angles representing the soil variability patterns. Using a single set of realizations, the response function approach enables the evaluation of foundation reliability under various spatial variability patterns, including different autocovariance distances in three dimensions and the rotated anisotropy features of soil variations. This leads to significant reductions in computational demands compared to previous attempts of random field modelling, which often involved individual Monte Carlo simulations for each combination of spatial variability parameters. The proposed approach is applied to both shallow foundation and piled foundation cases, illustrating its range of applicability. For linear-elastic systems, the approach is shown to be effective for various coefficients of variation in soil variability. For elastic–plastic pile group analyses, the approach leads to efficient evaluation of the statistics of average and differential settlements of the pile group, both of which compare favourably with conventional random field simulation techniques. Since it does not require multiple random field realizations, the approach is particularly efficient in identifying the worst-case scenario of autocovariance distances that corresponds to the largest uncertainty in foundation response. This can become a useful tool for conservative reliability assessments under a project setting, since site-specific estimates of random field parameters are often imprecise due to limited site data.     

环境激励下基于相关函数的脉冲响应函数重构

在白噪声激励下,结构响应的相关函数作为脉冲响应函数的近似可以进行模态参数辨识,但其物理意义始终缺乏明确解释;相比于脉冲响应函数,基于相关函数的辨识缺少了模态参与因子或者说质量信息,这也是工况模态分析(OMA)方法的主要缺陷。简要回顾了复模态下的自然激励技术原理,证明了白噪声激励下位移响应的相关函数等价于系统在特定初始条件下的自由响应,给出相应初始条件的计算方法;进一步提出了一种系统质量分布的辨识方法,并藉此重构得到系统脉冲响应函数。讨论了相关函数误差与信号时长及激励带宽之间的关系。通过仿真和试验验证了所得结论。     

考虑多分量气动导纳的抖振响应敏感性

对于类流线型箱梁桥梁断面,采用抖振频域分析方法和气动弹性节段模型测振风洞试验,初步验证了互谱法识别的多分量气动导纳函数结果的正确性和工程适用性。结合可靠度理论敏感性算法,系统评价了来流风速参数、模型参数、静风力系数、导纳函数和颤振导数等对于二维节段模型抖振响应的贡献率分布关系,更正了工程应用中采用单一分量导纳函数假定带来的对抖振气动力表达式认识上偏差。     

The dielectric response function of copper formate tetrahydrates

The feasibility of the method of observation of response function is shown. By a direct observation of response function of Cu(HCOO)₂·4H₂O single crystals, the frequency dependence of dielectric constants and the relaxation times are obtained. It is shown that a critical slowing down occurs as the antiferroelectric transition temperature is approached, and that the crystal seems to be monodispersive and polydispersive below and above the transition temperature, respectively.     

Improvement of digital photoelasticity based on camera response function

Studies on photoelasticity have been conducted by many researchers in recent years, and many equations for photoelastic analysis based on digital images were proposed. While these equations were all presented by the light intensity emitted from the analyzer, pixel values of the digital image were actually used in the real calculations. In this paper, a proposal of using relative light intensity obtained by the camera response function to replace the pixel value for photoelastic analysis was investigated. Generation of isochromatic images based on relative light intensity and pixel value were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of the new approach. The results showed that when relative light intensity was used, the quality of an isochromatic image can be greatly improved both visually and quantitatively. We believe that the technique proposed in this paper can also be used to improve the performance for the other types of photoelastic analysis using digital images.     

Questionnaire response bias as a function of respondent anonymity

Six hundred and ninety-two California drivers were compared on four primary criteria to test whether anonymous responses to questionnaires differed significantly from non-anonymous responses. Subjects in the anonymous condition gave significantly more positive comments on forced choice questions. Subjects in the group setting did not respond to the questionnaire as frequently as subjects in the individual hearings.

Subjects in the group setting emitted shorter responses and more negative responses than did subjects in the individual hearing setting. There was no interaction between type of session and anonymity, which suggests that anonymity is not a primary factor when collecting the types of information represented in this study. However, caution must be exercised in generalizing this finding to other types of information and situations, particularly where the data is of a personal or sensitive nature.