PA6/弹性体/OMMT复合材料的性能研究

将聚酰胺6(PA6)、三元乙丙橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶接枝马来酸酐(EPDM/EPDM-g-MAH)弹性体和有机蒙脱土(OMMT)共混,制备了PA6/弹性体/OMMT三元复合材料,并研究了该复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:当OMMT用量为2%时,PA6分子插层进入到OMMT片层中,当OMMT用量增至5%时则得到剥离型复合材料;随着OMMT用量的增加,PA6/弹性体/OMMT复合材料的冲击强度先增大后减小,其中当OMMT用量为2%时,复合材料的冲击强度达到54.29 kJ/m2,是纯PA6冲击强度(4.15 kJ/m2)的13.08倍;随OMMT用量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均逐渐增大,而断裂伸长率则随着OMMT用量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,并且在OMMT用量为2%时出现最大值。另外当OMMT用量较少时(低于5%),其对弹性体粒径的影响不大,此时弹性体粒径较小;而当OMMT用量超过5%时,OMMT进入弹性体中并形成了核壳结构,增加了弹性体的模量和粒径,从而使复合材料的冲击韧性降低。     

原位聚合法制备有机蒙脱土/聚碳酸酯二醇型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料

用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性钠基蒙脱土(MMT),以聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)为软段,4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯/1,4-丁二醇为硬段,采用两步原位聚合法制备了插层型有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/PCDL型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(PCU)复合材料,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和X射线衍射法表征了OMMT和复合材料,并考察了OMMT含量对复合材料耐热性能、结晶性能及物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT层间距由MMT的1.217 nm扩大到1.856 nm,复合材料的层间距扩大至3.425 nm;复合材料的耐热性能、结晶性能和物理机械性能均优于纯PCU,当OMMT质量分数为1%时,复合材料的耐热性能最佳;当OMMT质量分数为3%时,复合材料的结晶性能和物理机械性能最佳。     

膨胀型阻燃剂和有机蒙脱土协同阻燃聚丙烯的研究

采用熔融插层法制备了聚丙烯/膨胀型阻燃剂/有机蒙脱土（PP/IFR/OMMT）阻燃复合材料。探讨了OMMT对PP膨胀阻燃体系的影响,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、极限氧指数、热重分析(TG)、力学性能测试对阻燃复合材料的阻燃性、热稳定性及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,PP高分子链插层进入OMMT层间,形成了插层型复合材料。OMMT与IFR具有明显的协同阻燃性。OMMT添加量为2份时,复合材料的极限氧指数达到31 %,较单独添加IFR时高出30 %;与纯PP相比,复合材料残炭率明显提高。随着OMMT含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,当OMMT含量为3份、IFR含量为22份时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度达到最大值。     

PP/OMMT纳米复合材料制备技术研究

对潍坊某地的膨润土(MMT)原料进行提纯、用碳酸钠作为钠化剂进行钠化改型及有机改性,制备出与聚合物相容性较好的有机膨润土(OMMT),将之与聚丙烯(PP)复合制备出PP/OMMT纳米复合材料。重点研究了不同改性剂对MMT层间距的影响以及OMMT用量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:在十八烷基苄基二甲基溴化铵(1827)和己内酰胺复合改性剂的作用下,MMT的层间距扩大到2.44 nm;在一定范围内,随着OMMT用量的增加,PP/OMMT纳米复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度呈现先提高再降低的趋势,OMMT用量为2%时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度达到6.65 kJ/m2,拉伸强度达到24.53 MPa。     

有机蒙脱土用量对溴化丁基橡胶/炭黑复合材料结构与性能的影响

采用共混插层工艺制备了溴化丁基橡胶(BIIR)/炭黑(CB)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料,并考察了OMMT用量对复合材料的微观结构、力学性能、动态力学性能、气密性及热氧老化性能的影响。结果表明,随着OMMT用量的增加,BIIR/CB/OMMT复合材料的气密性显著提高,当OMMT用量为5份(质量)时透气系数下降了28.9%。OMMT能明显改善复合材料的热氧老化性能,抗张积保持率达到0.90左右,最大可提高15.9%。OMMT的加入使得复合材料在0~60℃的损耗因子下降,降低了其动态生热。     

PS/OMMT纳米复合材料制备技术的研究

对潍坊某地的膨润土(MMT)原料进行提纯、用碳酸钠作为钠化剂进行钠化改型及有机改性,将之与聚苯乙烯(PS)复合制备出PS/OMMT纳米复合材料。重点研究了不同浓度的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性剂对MMT层间距的影响以及OMMT用量对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:加入的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵浓度为40%时改性效果最好,得到的OMMT的层间距更大,可达到2.38 nm。在PS中加入OMMT以后,随着加入OMMT量的增多材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度分别提高了3 MPa和2 MPa,在OMMT用量为5%时,均达到10MPa,此时所得PS/OMMT纳米复合材料的高温热分解率达到6%,阻燃性能最好。OMMT的加入使纳米复合材料水平燃烧速度下降至9 mm/min,氧指数增加了3%,耐高温性能和阻燃性能增强。     

有机蒙脱土对PLA/PBS共混物相结构及性能的影响

通过熔融共混的方法制备了聚乳酸/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/有机蒙脱土(PLA/PBS/OMMT)复合材料,研究了OMMT对不同组成的PLA/PBS共混物微观结构的影响,进而研究其对热性能、热稳定性以及拉伸性能的影响。微观结构结果表明,添加OMMT到PLA/PBS共混物中,能够降低分散相的尺寸,均化分散相尺寸分布,使PLA/PBS(50/50)共混物的双连续相结构改变为海-岛结构。DSC结果表明,PBS能够提高PLA的结晶能力,添加OMMT后,PLA相的冷结晶温度和熔点明显提高,结晶度达到39.5%,PLA的结晶形貌更加完善。TG结果表明,PBS能够提高PLA/PBS共混物热稳定性,添加OMMT后,进一步提高了共混物的热稳定性,起始分解温度提高至307.3℃。添加OMMT后,PLA/PBS/OMMT复合材料的拉伸性能得到提高,PLA/PBS/OMMT(80/20/1)复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到53.9 MPa和34.2%,在保证材料强度的前提下,得到了较好的延展性。     

改性有机蒙脱土在硅橡胶中的应用性能研究

利用红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热失重(TGA)对有机蒙脱土(OMMT)的结构进行了表征。采用溶液插层法制备了RTV/OMMT复合材料,研究了复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、硬度及热稳定性,并用XRD对复合材料的结构进行了表征。结果表明,经有机化改性后的OMMT的层间距明显增大。随OMMT用量的增加,复合材料的力学性能得到提高。当OMMT质量分数为3%时,其拉伸性能最优。XRD分析表明,材料中形成了RTV/OMMT剥离型纳米复合材料。     

聚丙烯/尼龙6/纳米蒙脱石复合材料的制备及热性能研究

采用熔融插层法成功制备了聚丙烯(PP)/尼龙6(PA6)/有机化蒙脱石(OMMT)纳米复合材料.用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)观察了OMMT层间距的变化和材料的结构;用示差扫描量热法(DSC)和热重分析(TG)研究了热性能,并考察了纳米复合材料的拉伸强度.研究结果表明,OMMT的层间距由2.200 nm扩大到2.800 nm,PP/PA6合金高分子链取代了有机化蒙脱石层间的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵而进入到蒙脱石的片层间,加入质量分数为4%的OMMT的复合材料不仅使材料的拉伸强度提高了约15%,还提高了材料的热稳定性,使剩炭率增加了8.1%.     

顺丁橡胶/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构与性能

采用溶液法制得了顺丁橡胶(BR)有/机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,并用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜对复合材料的结构进行了表征,研究了复合材料的应力-应变行为和耐油性能。结果表明,OMMT的层间距增大,制得了插层型纳米复合材料;在较高的应变下,BR/OMMT纳米复合材料的扯断伸长率和拉伸强度随OMMT用量的增大而增加;当OMMT用量小于9份时,BR/OMMT纳米复合材料的耐油性能随OMMT用量的增加而有所提高。     

聚乳酸/蒙脱石复合材料的溶液插层法制备及其性能表征

的界面相容性良好.聚乳酸/蒙脱石复合材料的热失重曲线移向高温端,其热分解温度提高,表明其热稳定性比PLA基材提高.聚乳酸及聚乳酸/蒙脱石复合材料在不同环境中的初步降解实验结果表明该复合材料具有较好的生物可降解性.     

OMMT分散形态对POE/OMMT复合材料性能的影响

用熔融插层法制备了乙烯-1-辛烯共聚物(POE)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料和马来酸酐接枝POE(POE-g-MAH)/OMMT纳米复合材料.用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了OMMT在两种基体中的分散形态;采用热重(TG)分析仪和锥形量热仪研究了两种复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能,同时考察两种复...     

PC/ABS多相体系的制备及性能研究

用熔融挤出的方法制备了聚碳酸酯（PC）／N烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）／有机蒙脱土（OMMT）合金，考察了OMMT用量对PC／ABS合金力学性能和加工性能的影响，观察了其相分布和OMMT的分散情况以及冲击断面的形貌，并分析了机理。结果发现．ABS相分散在PC基体中．绝大部分的OMMT分散在ABS相中，且部分呈纳米级分散；固定PC／ABS质量比为70／30，加入OMMT后体系的拉仲强度变化不大，冲击强度降低较大；OMMT用量为2phr时，弯曲性能最佳；随着蒙脱土用量的增加，熔体质量流动速率（MFR）先增大后降低，在OMMT用量为5phr时．流动性最好。     

Effect of compatibilizer and organoclay content on structure,thermal, and mechanical properties of poly(butylene succinate)/(Ethylene acrylic acid)/Organoclay nanocomposites

Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/(ethylene acrylic acid) (EAA)/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared by using the melt intercalation technique. EAA was used as compatibilizer and organoclay was used as inorganic filler. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results indicated the addition of compatibilizer led to a large increase in basal spacing of nanocomposites and better overall dispersion of organoclay in the PBS matrix. However, the basal spacing was found to be invariant as the organoclay content increased. The differential scanning calorimetry analyses revealed that the incorporation of the organoclay and EAA and the variation of organoclay content altered the melting behavior and crystallization properties of PBS. Storage and loss modulus of virgin matrix increased with the incorporation of organoclay and EAA, and a maximum for the nanocomposite with 9 wt% organoclay. Moreover, the glass transition temperatures also increased for the various organoclay‐containing samples. Mechanical properties showed an increase with the incorporation of organoclay and EAA. The 5 wt% organoclay‐filled PBS gave the highest tensile strength and notched Izod impact strength among all the composites. Further increments in organoclay loading reduced the tensile strength and notched impact strength of nanocomposites, which was thought to be the result of agglomeration. However, increments in clay loading enhanced the flexural strength and flexural modulus of nanocomposites, with a maximum at 9 wt% organoclay. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 23:219–227, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

HDPE/PA 6/有机蒙脱土复合体系的结构及性能

采用熔融共混法制备高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/聚酰胺(PA)6/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)多元复合材料,借助X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜等分析了OMMT对HDPE/PA 6体系结构、性能的影响及作用机理。加入的少量OMMT以剥离形态分散在基体中,能起到较好的增容作用,并且改善了材料的冲击性能。但OMMT的加入使材料的熔体流动速率降低,剪切黏度增大。     

阴离子开环聚合制备尼龙6/蒙脱土复合材料及其性能研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为有机插层剂对无机蒙脱土进行处理制得有机蒙脱土（OMMT），然后采用阴离子开环聚合，制备了尼龙6／蒙脱土复合材料。用FT-IR、TG和XRD对有机蒙脱土的插层情况进行了表征。结果表明，插层剂已插入蒙脱土片层中；当OMMT用量为2％时，复合材料的熔点最高，结晶度最大，力学性能最好。     

Synergistic effects of polyethylene glycol and organic montmorillonite on the plasticization and enhancement of poly(lactic acid)

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/organic montmorillonite (OMMT) composites were prepared by melt blending, and their mechanical, rheological behavior, crystalline behavior, and thermal stability were investigated. Results showed that the elongation-at-break and notch-impact strength of PLA/15PEG/1.5OMMT were 466.45% and 4.34 kJ m⁻², respectively, which were nearly 42 and 2 times higher than those of PLA, respectively. The elongation-at-break of PLA/15PEG/1.5OMMT was also 33 times higher than that of PLA/15PEG and 30 times that of PLA/1.5OMMT. With addition of PEG, PLA chains could insert to OMMT effectively and increase the layer space of OMMT. The characteristics of dynamic behavior and fracture morphology showed that the plasticizer PEG could soften the PLA matrix, leading to easy plastic deformation. OMMT was well distributed in the PLA matrix and able to transfer the stress of external forces, thereby contributing to the matrix yielding initiation and expansion of polymer composites. The synergistic effect of OMMT and PEG was determined by studying the mechanical properties of PLA/PEG/OMMT composite. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry studies revealed that OMMT as a nucleating agent improved crystallization and thermal stability. Thus, the synergistic effect of OMMT and PEG balanced the stiffness and toughness of PLA. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47576.     

Thermal decomposition behavior and mechanical properties of elastomeric composites based on polyolefinic thermoplastic elastomer and organomontmorillonite

The elastomeric composites based on organomontmorillonite (OMMT) and Santoprene thermoplastic elastomer were prepared by melt processing. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer for the composite system. By adding optimum content of PP-g-MA, the fracture surface of the composites observed by SEM was smoothened as a result from compatibilizing effect. From XRD results, the measured d-spacing data proved a good dispersion of nanoclay along with compatibilizer. Thermal decomposition behavior of the neat components and its composites obtained from simultaneous TG and DSC profiles indicated that the incorporation of OMMT into the matrix polymer improved the thermal stability in air but not in nitrogen. No significant change in thermal stability of the composites with addition of PP-g-MA. The incorporation of clay significantly enhanced in dynamic mechanical and tensile properties of the composites. The dynamic storage modulus, tensile modulus and yield stress of the composites with the presence of PP-g-MA were remarkably improved.     

SEBS／蒙脱土复合材料结构与阻燃性能的研究

根据蒙脱土（MMT）特殊的片层结构,采用熔融插层法制备热塑性弹性体SEBS／蒙脱土插层复合材料。通过X射线衍射仪、透射电镜等表征手段研究复合材料的微观结构。使用锥形量热仪评价复合材料的燃烧性能。结果表明,有机蒙脱土（OMMT）片层的间距为1．948nm,SEBS／5％OMMT体系的片层间距为4．307nm,说明聚合物SEBS插入有机蒙脱土片层之间。SEBS／OMMT复合材料具有较低的热释放速率和质量损失速率,且随着OMMT添加量的增加,其热释放速率峰值降低愈明显。通过对复合材料的阻燃性能和微观结构的分析,探讨了其阻燃机理。     

Effect of epoxy resin on morphology and physical properties of PVC/organophilic montmorillonite nanocomposites

Poly(vinyl chloride)/organophilic montmorillonite (PVC/OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by means of melt blending. A liquid epoxy resin was used to aid PVC chains in intercalating into silicate layers. The effects of the preparation methods and epoxy resin contents on the melt intercalation of PVC were investigated. The morphology development, mechanical properties and optical properties of the PVC/OMMT composites were tested as functions of epoxy resin content and OMMT content. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the morphology of the resulting composites. After being pretreated by the epoxy resin, the OMMT layers were largely intercalated into the PVC matrix, and even exfoliated at high epoxy resin content. The addition of epoxy resin led to a decrease in optical clarity of the composites but improved the processing stability, as indicated by yellowness index and haze measurement. However, the optical clarity of the composites containing 4 phr of epoxy resin (PVC/E‐OMMT) was improved by increasing the OMMT content, as shown by light transmission. Both the tensile strength and notched Izod impact strength of the PVC/E‐OMMT composites reached their maximum values when the OMMT content was 0.5 phr and the epoxy resin content was 2 phr. With further increase of the OMMT content and the epoxy resin content, the tensile strength decreased but was still higher than that of original PVC. The method of addition of epoxy resin had little effect on the physical properties but mainly influenced the morphology of PVC/OMMT nanocomposites. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2184–2191, 2003