共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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《塑料》2018,(6)
聚乳酸(PLA)是良好的生物可降解塑料,但因聚乳酸材料价格高、脆性大、抗降解性较差而限制了其在工业上的大规模应用。制备聚乳酸基复合材料是克服聚乳酸缺点的一种有效方法,因而,近年来得到了人们的普遍研究。随着研究成果的不断完善,聚乳酸复合材料的污染又成了一个新的问题。文章综述了聚乳酸基复合材料国内外的各种降解方法及研究进展。纯聚乳酸材料在自然界中的降解速率缓慢,不利于材料报废后的降解处理。添加各种填料制成聚乳酸复合材料后,会对聚乳酸基复合材料的降解速率产生一定的影响。文章通过分析聚乳酸复合材料降解速率的可控性,综述了国内外各种聚乳酸基复合材料的降解方法及研究进展。 相似文献
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聚乳酸是一种绿色环保高分子材料。以丙交酯为单体,辛酸亚锡为催化剂,N-甲基二乙醇胺为引发剂通过丙交酯的开环聚合法制备了聚合物分子链中含有氨基官能团的双端羟基聚乳酸,然后以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯作为扩链剂进行溶液扩链反应制备了聚乳酸基聚氨酯,然后再与冰醋酸、碘甲烷、溴乙烷反应,制备了以聚乳酸基聚氨酯为基体的离聚物。并采用特性粘数测定、GPC、差示扫描量热法、热重分析法、X射线衍射等方法对聚合物进行了表征。结果表明,聚乳酸基聚氨酯离聚物的特性粘数高于聚乳酸基聚氨酯,离聚物的热稳定性优于聚乳酸及聚乳酸基聚氨酯。 相似文献
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Yuanyuan Chen Luke M. Geever John A. Killion John G. Lyons Clement L. Higginbotham 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2016,55(10):1057-1075
Poly (lactic acid) is considered to be a promising alternative to petroleum-based polymers due to its renewability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and good mechanical properties. Because of the high cost, the applications of poly (lactic acid) were limited to the medical field. Over the past decade, improvements in polymerization allow the economical mass production of high molecular weight poly (lactic acid). Therefore, the applications of poly (lactic acid) have recently spread to domestic, commercial packaging, and textile applications. This review outlines the chemical, thermal characteristics of poly (lactic acid) and discusses the use of poly (lactic acid) in medical applications such as sutures, stents, drug carrier, orthopaedic devices, scaffolds, as well as commercial applications in textile and packaging fields with superior properties such as high wicking performance, good dyeability, antibacterial feature, good ultraviolet resistance, high water vapor transmission rates, shrink wrapping, and dead fold property. While the drawbacks of poly (lactic acid) utilized in these fields are also discussed. It is clear that the advantages of using poly (lactic acid) outlined in this review will ensure that the market for poly (lactic acid) products will continue to expand. 相似文献
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采用溶剂铸膜法制备了聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)/聚乳酸(PLA)/对苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOTP)/氧化锌(ZnO)复合膜材料,并通过硬脂酸改性纳米ZnO,探讨了不同粒径ZnO以及改性纳米ZnO对复合薄膜力学性能、热性能、疏水性能、耐抽出性能以及抗菌性能的影响。结果表明,通过硬脂酸代替纳米ZnO表面的羟基极性基团,复合膜的耐抽出性能提高。硬脂酸的长链烷基与高分子链的链纠缠改善了改性纳米ZnO与PBAT的相容性。随着ZnO粒径的减小以及改性纳米ZnO含量的增大,复合薄膜的热性能有所下降,但耐抽出性能提高。拉伸强度提高,最高达到13.8 MPa。复合膜的疏水性能得到改善,接触角最高达到110°,复合膜材料的抑菌区域增大,抗菌性能有所增强。 相似文献
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Zhongxing Geng Shenzhen Bian Zhongbo Song Xuefeng Wang 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2019,58(6):641-655
Zinc oxide pillared organic layered double hydroxides (ZnO-LDHs-S) were synthesized with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) via a intercalation method. Meanwhile, the properties of ultraviolet (UV) absorbance and antibacterial of ZnO-LDHs-S were investigated. To improve the performances of poly (lactic acid) (PLA), PLA/ZnO-LDHs-S nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending using ZnO-LDHs-S as nucleating agent. Structure and properties of PLA/ZnO-LDHs-S nanocomposites were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectra, transmission electron microscopy, mechanical properties testing, differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy and rheological analysis. It was shown that the introduction of ZnO-LDHs-S improved the comprehensive performance of PLA. 相似文献
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Ya Li 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2018,57(9):836-849
The poly(lactic acid)-γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex-poly(lactic acid) multibranched polymers were prepared by reactive extrusion process with L-lactide as raw material, stannous octoate as catalyst and the carboxyl poly(lactic acid)-γ-cyclodextrin inclusion compound as cores prepared by ultrasonic coprecipitation and carboxylation reaction. It was shown that the comprehensive performance of poly(lactic acid)-γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex-poly(lactic acid) had been significantly improved compared with liner poly(lactic acid) by the study of structure and properties. Thus, the novel poly(lactic acid)-γ-cyclodextrin inclusion complex-poly(lactic acid) multibranched polymers have a potential use in biomedical materials. This study provided a simple and feasible preparation method for improving the performance of poly(lactic acid). 相似文献