PP/石墨/Al2O3导热复合材料的制备及性能

选择粒径为15μm鳞片石墨(FG)和3μm Al2O3混杂导热填料,采用新型同向非对称双螺杆挤出机,当Al2O3质量分数为20%时,改变FG的质量分数,制备PP/FG/Al2O3导热复合材料,研究混沌混合加工对导热复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,随着FG含量的增加,导热复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而断裂伸长率、冲击强度逐渐减小,弯曲弹性模量逐渐增大,加工流动性能变差。当FG质量分数为40%时,导热复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度有最大值,分别为32.76,46.88 MPa;抵抗热变形能力和热稳定性能逐渐提高,热导率逐渐增大。当FG质量分数为50%时,维卡软化温度提高7.2℃,负载变形温度提高38.6℃,最大分解速率温度提高13.7℃,热导率是未填充FG的6.6倍、纯PP的7.9倍。制备的导热复合材料具有优异的力学、耐热、导热性能。     

MWNTs对PP/MWNTs导热复合材料性能影响

利用新型非对称同向双螺杆挤出机制备聚丙烯(PP)/多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)导热复合材料。研究了不同MWNTs含量对该复合材料热学及力学性能的影响。结果表明,该复合材料的热导率、缺口冲击强度及断裂伸长率均呈先增后减趋势。与纯PP相比,当MWNTs含量为6份时,导热复合材料热导率可提高123%;当MWNTs含量为4份时,导热复合材料最大分解速率温度可提高4.8%,热稳定性得到有效改善但存有较为明显的突变特性;当MWNTs含量为2份时,导热复合材料缺口冲击强度可提高13.7%;随着MWNTs含量的增加,观察导热复合材料微观断面形貌表明,含量增加整体团聚尺度趋于增大,团聚量也呈增多趋势。     

PP/EG/MWNTs导热复合材料试验对比

利用高温膨胀插层工艺制备PP/EG/MWNTs导热复合材料,对比置于室温、800℃、900℃3种条件下制备的导热复合材料的热性能和力学性能,试验结果表明,经900℃高温膨胀后,PP/EG/MWNTs热导率可达1.51 W/(m·K),比纯PP的热导率提高了487.5%,与室温和800℃条件下制备的PP/EG/MWNTs相比,热稳定性和拉伸强度均得到有效增强,但缺口冲击强度没有明显变化。结合微观形貌可知,高温可使MWNTs进入膨胀后的EG层间,将复合材料结构空间填实后,有利于形成导热网络,从而提高了复合材料的热性能和力学性能。     

Al2O3和BN共混合填充PP复合材料的结构与性能

Al₂O₃和BN是聚合物基导热复合材料中常用的无机填料,但单一品种填料填充并不能使复合材料达到较好的综合性能。为此,研究了Al₂O₃和BN共混合填充聚丙烯复合材料的结构及热学和力学性能。结果发现,填料总质量分数低于20%时,共混合填充制备的复合材料的导热系数低于BN填充的复合材料,但却能提高无机填料在基体中的分散性,从而优化力学性能。当BN和Al₂O₃的添加质量分数各为10%时,弯曲模量达到2.37 GPa,比纯PP提高了103%,冲击强度达到3.25 kJ/m²,比纯PP提高了24%,复合材料达到刚韧平衡,综合力学性能最佳。     

PP/MWNTs复合材料的动态力学性能及热稳定性研究

采用熔融共混法制备了不同质量分数的聚丙烯/多壁碳纳米管(PP/MWNTs)复合材料,研究了MWNTs的含量对复合材料的拉伸、冲击等力学性能及动态力学性能的影响,并利用热重法研究了复合材料的热稳定性,采用Kissinger法计算了复合材料的热降解动力学参数。结果显示:MWNTs的质量分数为1.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度较纯PP提高了13.6%,冲击强度提高了56.1%;MWNTs含量为2%时,复合材料的储能模量达到最大,含量为1.5%时损耗模量达到最大,随着MWNTs含量的增加,内耗峰强度呈先增大后减小的趋势,在含量为1.5%时达到最大值;TG和DTG曲线表明,MWNTs的含量为1.5%时,起始降解温度较纯PP提高最多,且活化能最大,说明显著提高了复合材料的热稳定性。     

高热导率聚丙烯/石墨复合材料的制备与性能

为了提高聚丙烯(PP)的导热性能,扩大其使用范围,采用价格低廉的商用石墨对PP进行改性,利用转矩流变仪制备了PP/石墨导热复合材料。研究了粒径为2μm和20μm的石墨及其复配对复合材料热导率及力学性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的热导率随着石墨用量的增加而显著增大,20μm石墨填充的复合材料热导率高于2μm石墨填充的复合材料;由于石墨的各向异性,层内热导率远高于层间热导率;将两种粒径的石墨复配,固定石墨总质量分数为40%,当2μm石墨与20μm石墨质量比为1︰5时,复合材料层间和层内热导率达到最大,分别为1.125 W/(m·K)和2.897 W/(m·K),比相同用量下单一2μm石墨填充PP分别提高了121%和61%,比单一20μm石墨填充PP分别提高了3.6%和20%。随石墨用量增加,单一粒径石墨填充的复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度呈现先减小后增大的趋势,随复配填料中20μm石墨用量增加,复配填料填充复合材料的力学性能呈下降趋势,但弯曲强度变化不大,拉伸强度也在10 MPa以上。     

碳化硅晶须/碳化硅颗粒/聚丙烯复合材料的结构优化设计和模型拟合

以聚丙烯(PP)为基体,以单一碳化硅晶须( SiCw)、碳化硅颗粒(SiCp)和混杂SiCw/SiCp为导热填料,共混/模压制备PP基导热复合材料.结果表明:同等用量下,混杂SiCw/SiCp填充PP具有比单一SiCw或SiCp填充PP更佳的导热性能,且随SiCw/SiCp用量的增加而增加;当SiCw/SiCp质量分数为50％时,导热性能最佳,其导热系数为0.856 W/(m· K),为纯PP的5倍多.PP的拉伸强度与冲击强度随SiCw/SiCp用量的增加先增加后降低,当混杂SiCw/SiCp质量分数为10％时,力学性能最佳.相比SiCp而言,SiCw更易在PP中形成导热网链.     

混合粒径BN填充PP/PE复合材料的结构与性能

为改善聚合物基导热复合材料的导热性能,单一粒径填料填充复合材料存在的不足,因此,本文探究了混合粒径六方氮化硼(BN)掺杂聚丙烯(PP)/聚乙烯(PE)复合材料的结构、热学和力学性能。通过激光导热仪、熔融指数仪、万能电子测试机和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)进行性能测试和结构表征。结果表明,混合粒径(5μm∶20μm)BN比例为3∶2时,其制备的复合材料导热系数可达0.52 W/(m·K),较单一粒径(5μm)BN填料填充复合材料提高33.4%;弯曲强度达到46.91 MPa,弯曲模量达到3 826.01 MPa,与单一粒径(5μm)BN填料填充复合材料相比,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高23.34%和109.91%。将5μm粒径的BN在混合填料中的比例增加能够更有效提高复合材料的综合性能。     

PE/多层石墨导热复合材料的制备与性能

PE、GPE为基材,多层石墨、石墨为填料,采用机械混炼法制备高导热塑料复合材料。SEM分析表明PE/多层石墨比GPE/多层石墨复合材料的插层效果更好。研究填料对复合材料的热导率和热稳定性的影响。结果表明:导热复合材料的热导率随填料填充量的增大而增大,多层石墨的填充量达到100%时,热导率为4.15 W.m-1.k-1。并且在相同填充量下PE/多层石墨较之GPE/多层石墨、PE/石墨、GPE/石墨的导热率更高。TGA分析表明:填充多层石墨、石墨的导热塑料复合材料热稳定性高于未填充的PE。经研究提出,形状比(径厚比)大和导热率高的导热填料更易形成导热网链;为了不影响导热填料的分散性,可先使基体材料与填料先混合均匀再增加其韧性、黏度等。     

聚丙烯/四针状氧化锌晶须/氧化镁导热绝缘复合材料的制备与性能研究

以聚丙烯(PP)为基体,四针状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw)和氧化镁(MgO)为导热填料,通过双螺杆挤出机制备了PP/T-ZnOw /MgO导热绝缘复合材料。在T-ZnOw用量为10 %（质量百分含量,下同）,MgO用量在0～60 %的范围内,考察了MgO用量对复合材料的热导率( )、体积电阻率(ρv)、力学性能和加工性能的影响。结果表明,随着MgO用量的增加,PP/T-ZnOw /MgO复合材料的 增大,ρv减小;材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度以及熔体流动速率均随着MgO用量的增加而下降,而冲击强度则呈先保持稳定,然后减小的趋势。这一变化趋势在MgO用量 30 %时较为显著。当MgO用量为60 %（33 %,体积分数）时,PP/T-ZnOw /MgO复合材料的 最大,达到0.7563 W/(m·K),比未加MgO时的PP/T-ZnOw复合材料和纯PP的热导率分别提高了108.0 %和210.0 %;此时材料的ρv最小,为9.20×1015 Ω·cm,仍可满足绝缘材料的要求。     

Polypropylene/carbon nanotube composites prepared with a environmentally benign processes

Polypropylene (PP)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composites were prepared with an environmentally benign processes. The surface functionalization of the MWNTs was performed with water as a solvent, and the functionalized MWNTs were mixed with PP to form composites with a melt process. The effects of the MWNTs on the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were studied. The tensile strength and modulus of the composites increased with the amount of MWNTs. The thermal stability was also improved by the reinforced MWNTs. The MWNTs also improved the oxidative stability of the composite on UV irradiation. Although pure PP degraded almost completely after 12 h of irradiation, the composite reinforced with MWNTs retained some level of mechanical strength after UV irradiation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Investigation on the multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced polyamide 6/polypropylene composites

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) reinforced polyamide 6/polypropylene (PA6/PP = 70/30) composites were prepared by melt compounding. Maleated polypropylene (MPP) was used as a compatibilizer for the composites. The morphology, mechanical properties, thermal stability, rheological properties and crystallization behavior of the composites were investigated. It was found that the addition of MWNTs to PA6/PP blend resulted in decrease in the size of the dispersed particles. Most of MWNTs were selectively dispersed in the PA6 phase and a small amount of MWNTs were located in the interphase between PA6 matrix and PP phase as characterized by scanning electric microscopy. The strength and stiffness of the PA6/PP blend were greatly improved by the addition of MWNTs. The MPP and MWNTs had a synergistic effect on the improvement ofthe thermal stability. In addition, the complex viscosity, storage modulus and loss modulus of the composites increased with the addition of MWNTs or MPP. MWNTs could induce the formation of α crystalline form of PA6. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

High thermal conductive m‐xylylenediamine functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes/epoxy resin composites

In this study, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) functionalized by m‐xylylenediamine is used as thermal conductive fillers to improve their dispersibility in epoxy resin and the thermal conductivity of the MWNTs/bisphenol‐A glycidol ether epoxy resin composites. Functionalization with amine groups of MWNTs is achieved after such steps as carboxylation, acylation and amidation. The thermal conductivity, impact strength, flexural strength, and fracture surfaces of MWNTs/epoxy composites are investigated with different MWNTs. The results show that m‐xylylenediamine is successfully grafted onto the surface of the MWNTs and the mass fraction of the organic molecules grafted onto MWNTs is about 20 wt %. The thermal conductivity of MWNTs/epoxy composites is further enhanced to 1.236 W/mK with 2 wt % m‐MWNTs. When the content of m‐MWNTs is 1.5 wt %, the impact strength and flexural strength of the composites are 25.85 KJ/m², 128.1 MPa, respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results show that the fracture pattern of composites is changed from brittle fracture to ductile fracture. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41255.     

Dispersion and mechanical properties of polypropylene/multiwall carbon nanotubes composites obtained via dynamic packing injection molding

In this article, polypropylene (PP)/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) composites were prepared through dynamic packing injection molding, in which the oscillatory shear was exerted on the molten composite during packing and solidification stage of injection‐molding. A simultaneous increase of tensile strength and impact strength has been achieved for PP/MWNTs composites containing only 0.6 wt % MWNTs. Particularly, the impact strength was found increased by almost 50% at such low MWNTs content. These improvements in properties were attributed to uniform dispersion and possible orientation of nanotube induced by shear stress. It was suggested that the dynamic packing injection molding could provide much strong shear force for better dispersion of MWNTs in PP matrix, on one hand, but breakdown the aspect ratio of MWNTs, on the other. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1880–1886, 2007     

PP/MWNTs和PP/OMMT复合材料的热降解动力学研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯/多壁碳纳米管(PP/MWNTs)与聚丙烯/纳米有机蒙脱土(PP/OMMT)复合材料,利用热重分析法研究了PP、PP/MWNTs及PP/OMMT在氮气气氛中的热降解过程,并采用Kissinger及Ozawa方法研究了复合材料的热降解动力学及热降解表观活化能.结果表明,MWNTs和OMMT的加入...     

端羧基超分散剂对剑麻纤维/聚丙烯性能的影响

采用自制端羧基超分散剂(ECH)改性剑麻纤维(SF)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,探讨了ECH的使用对SF/PP复合材料的力学性能、热力学性能和结晶性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察复合材料的冲击断面形貌。结果表明,经ECH改性后的SF/PP复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度分别比未改性的复合材料提高了67.3%和21.0%,复合材料的热稳定性、PP相的结晶速率和结晶度有所提高,但晶态结构仍是典型的α晶型,ECH的加入使得复合材料的储能模量提高,损耗因子降低。     

碳纳米管改性氰酸酯树脂/碳纤维复合材料研究

采用多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)为改性剂,对环氧树脂/双酚A型氰酸酯树脂体系进行增韧改性。以该改性体系制备了碳纳米管改性氰酸酯树脂/碳纤维复合材料。研究了MWNTs加入量对复合材料力学性能的影响,利用动态力学分析仪和扫描电子显微镜分别对该复合材料的耐热性及微观形貌进行了分析。结果表明,MWNTs的加入能明显地改善复合材料的耐热性和力学性能,当MWNTs的含量为1份和1.5份时,复合材料的层间剪切强度和弯曲强度分别提高约31%和23%。     

聚乳酸/聚丙烯/淀粉复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用模压成型制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/聚丙烯(PP)和PLA/PP/淀粉两种复合材料.主要研究了复合材料的热性能、力学性能和降解性能.结果表明:对于PLA/PP复合材料而言,复合材料的熔融温度先增加后降低,结晶度随PLA的含量增加而变大,而且出现了结晶双峰.力学性能相较与纯PLA,断裂伸长率明显提高,拉伸强度有所下降,最...     

一维多壁碳纳米管增强丁基橡胶/聚丙烯热塑性弹性体复合材料的相态结构及热电性能研究

制备一维多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)增强丁基橡胶(IIR)/聚丙烯(PP)动态硫化热塑性弹性体(TPV)复合材料,研究IIR/PP用量比(简称橡塑比)对复合材料相态结构、介电性能、导热性能和物理性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料呈现“海-岛”相结构,IIR相以微米级交联颗粒分散在PP相中;MWCNTs主要分散在PP中,随着橡塑比的增大,MWCNTs有少量团聚现象;随着橡塑比的增大,复合材料的交流电导率、介电常数和热导率增大,且橡塑比大于6/4时增速减小;随着橡塑比的减小,复合材料的拉伸强度先增大后减小;当橡塑比为5.5/4.5时,复合材料的物理性能较好。