聚丙烯材料划伤耐久性能研究

通过在聚丙烯材料中添加不同种类耐划伤剂(S1,S2,A1,A2)的方法,结合不同皮纹形貌,对比测试了划伤材料的耐划伤效果,并对不同老化时间下聚丙烯材料的耐划伤性能进行了研究。选择两种不同形貌的皮纹(粗皮纹M和细皮纹U)进行了研究,结果表明:对于相同材料,M皮纹的耐划伤效果比U差。与硅类耐划伤剂相比,酰胺类划伤剂具有更好的耐划伤效果,其中A2耐划伤效果最好。延长样品放置时间,样品耐划伤效果提高。研究了150℃老化条件下不同材料的耐划伤剂的耐久性,发现老化条件下,不同耐划伤聚丙烯材料的耐划伤性能表现各不相同:含有硅类耐划伤剂(S1和S2)的聚丙烯材料的耐划伤性能先降低后提高,最终降低;含有酰胺类耐划伤剂(A1和A2)的聚丙烯材料耐划伤性能随老化时间延长明显变差。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试了不同耐划伤剂对材料表面的划痕特性的影响,发现使用耐划伤剂A2可以有效减轻在划伤过程中出现的发白现象。     

车用聚丙烯内饰材料耐划伤性能研究

采用衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR)研究酰胺类耐划伤剂在车用聚丙烯(PP)耐划伤内饰材料表面和内部的含量分布.ATR及十字划格实验结果表明,酰胺耐划伤剂能有效地迁移到材料表面,降低表面摩擦系数,且酰胺耐划伤剂在材料表面和内部的分布有所差异.ATR及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)证明车用PP耐划伤内饰材料呈皮芯结构,未加入耐划伤剂...     

汽车用聚丙烯耐划伤性能研究

通过在滑石粉填充聚丙烯材料中加入耐划伤剂,研究划痕表面情况、划痕宽度以及色差△L来评价耐划伤剂对复合材料的耐划伤效果.结果表明:添加质量分数为1.5%的耐划伤剂能显著改善材料的耐划伤性能.     

聚丙烯耐划伤性的研究进展

综述了聚丙烯(PP)材料表面耐划伤性能的研究进展,重点讨论了填料、填料与PP基体间的界面强度、成核剂、润滑剂、分子结构、共混改性等因素对PP表面耐划伤性能的影响。针对耐划伤PP材料的开发和划伤机理的研究,还需构建数学模型为其提供依据和指导。     

聚丙烯材料耐划伤性能的研究

通过在聚丙烯材料中添加不同种类耐划伤剂的方法,对比测试了划伤材料的耐划伤效果,并选择了最优效果的耐划伤剂进行了分析。结果表明:硅类耐划伤剂具有最好的耐划伤效果,质量分数为2%的添加量就可以达到很好的耐划伤效果。随着放置时间的延长,耐划伤剂会迁移到材料表层,耐划伤效果更加明显。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试了不同耐划伤剂对材料表面的划痕特性的影响,发现使用耐划伤剂A可以有效减轻在划伤过程中出现的应力发白现象。     

硅酮耐划伤剂对车用聚丙烯内饰材料性能的影响

采用衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR)研究了硅酮耐划伤剂改性的车用聚丙烯材料表面和内部的含量分布。ATR及十字划格实验结果表明:硅酮耐划伤剂能均匀地分散在材料的表面和内部。随着硅酮耐划伤剂用量的增大,材料耐划伤性能相应提高。ATR及扫描电镜(SEM)证明车用聚丙烯耐划伤注塑材料成皮芯结构,严重划伤样品的划痕破坏了材料表层,出现黏滑现象,而加入硅酮耐划伤剂的改性材料划痕深度较浅,添加量超过4.5%时,材料划伤前后的色差△L<1。     

耐划伤车用聚丙烯材料的研制及应用

研究了耐划伤剂、滑石粉粒径对聚丙烯(PP)材料耐划伤效果与力学性能的影响,通过测试划伤前后的色差来评价耐划伤剂对材料的耐划伤效果.结果表明,耐划伤剂增加了材料的表面润滑性;采用小粒径滑石粉改性材料的耐划伤性能优于采用大粒径滑石粉改性的材料.利用耐划伤PP开发出的汽车内饰件被成熟应用于通用NGS308车型.     

染色能力对改性聚丙烯材料耐划伤的影响

采用衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR)研究不同滑石粉含量下,聚丙烯材料划伤后滑石粉外露量的差异。ATR和十字划格实验表明,滑石粉含量越高,划伤后滑石粉外露量越高,且滑石粉含量及目数提高还使炭黑对其染色能力下降,划伤效果变差。炭黑粒径降低和含量的提高,有助于改善其对滑石粉的染色能力,可明显改善耐划伤效果。实验表明,添加质量分数为0. 4%炭黑A和0. 8%炭黑B的ΔL分别为10. 8和3. 2。另外,耐划伤剂的加入也能有效改善材料耐划伤性能,最终在添加质量分数为0. 8%炭黑B的情况下,添加质量分数为1. 5%和2%耐划伤剂即可使ΔL降至1. 1和0. 5。     

免喷涂聚丙烯的耐刮擦和散发性能研究

研究了添加经过低散发处理的效果颜料(Al-L)、烘料工艺、耐刮擦助剂种类和含量对免喷涂聚丙烯材料耐刮擦和散发性能的影响。结果表明：添加Al-L后,免喷涂聚丙烯材料的气味等级大幅降低至3.6级,总挥发性有机物(TVOC)质量浓度可以降低至7 000μg/m³左右,满足汽车内饰件的散发要求。耐刮擦助剂的添加能有效提升免喷涂聚丙烯材料的耐刮擦性能,使常见的内饰皮纹K9A的明度变化(ΔL)降低至1.0;通过不同耐刮擦助剂的复配,可以使细皮纹K31的耐刮擦性能达到内饰件要求,ΔL只有1.1;但是耐刮擦助剂的添加会提升材料的TVOC质量浓度。     

车用聚丙烯复合材料耐划伤性能及黏滑现象

研究了车用聚丙烯复合材料耐划伤性能及黏滑现象。结果表明:划痕宽度越宽,耐划伤性能越差;黏滑现象是造成聚丙烯复合材料耐划伤性能降低的原因之一。黏滑运动造成材料移除,使材料表面破坏严重;要提高其耐划伤性能,必须降低或消除划伤过程的黏滑现象。     

低气味低VOC玻纤增强聚丙烯材料的研制

以聚丙烯(PP)树脂为基体,PP接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)为相容剂,纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛为复合气味吸收剂,经双螺杆挤出机制备了玻璃纤维(GF)增强PP材料,并分别研究了各组分对材料力学性能和气味等级的影响。结果表明,相容剂PP-g-MAH为GF增强PP材料气味的主要来源,在提高气味等级方面,选用相容剂时,固相接枝工艺比熔融接枝工艺的好,且接枝率不宜太高。在选用PP粒料、接枝率为1.2%的固相接枝PP-g-MAH以及纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化钛复合气味吸收剂的基础上,制备了低气味和低挥发性有机化合物的GF增强PP材料,其拉伸强度为62 MPa,弯曲强度为76 MPa,缺口冲击强度为8.5 k J/m~2,由其制备的汽车空调电机风扇叶轮产品的气味等级达到了Q/JLY J711061–2009标准的7级要求。     

车用聚氨酯泡沫材料VOC及气味改进综述

分析了车用聚氨酯泡沫材料气味来源,综合概述了当前车用聚氨酯泡沫材料挥发性有机化合物(VOC)和气味控制技术方面研究进展。首先以聚氨酯泡沫材料两大原料即聚醚多元醇及异氰酸酯为对象,从低气味聚醚多元醇的开发和异氰酸酯单体替代等方面介绍了降低聚氨酯泡沫VOC及气味的方法;其次从生产聚氨酯泡沫的各种助剂,包括催化剂、硅酮表面活性剂、脱模剂和除醛剂等方面详细总结了聚氨酯泡沫VOC含量及气味的控制方法。     

低气味、低VOC聚丙烯/滑石粉共混物的研究

采用熔融共混法制备聚丙烯(PP)/滑石粉共混物,利用力学性能测试和热脱附-气相/质谱(TDS-GC/MS)分析手段考察了滑石粉、吸附剂和萃取剂对PP/滑石粉共混物力学性能、熔体流动速率、气味和挥发性有机物(VOC)挥发量的影响。实验结果表明,随着滑石粉、吸附剂和萃取剂含量的增加,PP/滑石粉共混物的气味和总挥发性有机物(TVOC)降低;而吸附剂和萃取剂含量对力学性能几乎没有影响,对熔体流动速率略有影响;另外,随着吸附剂含量的增加,PP/滑石粉共混物的吸湿性会增大,当吸附剂质量分数达到5%时,放置480 h后,其吸水量提高2.7倍;在滑石粉质量分数为20%的PP/滑石粉共混物中,当吸附剂和萃取剂质量分数分别为0.5%,1.0%时,共混物的气味强度和舒适度可分别达到2.5级和0级,TVOC挥发量较挤出后的纯PP下降51%。     

高强度低VOC玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯材料的开发

以含30％短玻璃纤维的聚丙烯(PP)为基础,从源头开始控制材料的气味和VOC含量,即将所有可能用到的配料参照大众汽车PV3900气味测试标准进行筛选,优先选择气味等级不超过3级的原料和助剂.主要对当前市场上的几种不同的低气味马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯相容剂(PP-g-MAH)、不同抗氧剂体系和不同气味吸收剂进行了研究.结果表明...     

免喷涂外观美学树脂的应用

为了替代传统喷涂材料,制备了高性能免喷涂聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,该PP复合材料具有金属光泽的美学外观,减少喷涂工艺所带来的环境污染且降低成本。以PP树脂为基体,使用自制的颜料分散剂PDA–1和耐划伤剂SR–1制备具有优异耐划伤性的免喷涂PP复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜观察颜料在树脂内部的分布,使用五指刮擦仪评估材料使用不同耐划伤剂的抗划伤性能。通过加入颜料分散剂PDA–1解决了免喷涂产品各向异性的缺陷,实现各向同性的免喷涂美学外观;自制的抗划伤剂SR–1具有优异的耐划伤性,满足汽车行业对材料的耐划伤需求(大众汽车标准PV3925)。     

Surface modifications of polypropylene with nonylphenol ethoxylates melt additives

Nonylphenol ethoxylated (NPE) additives were melt blended in polypropylene (PP) films and characteristics of the modified films were investigated. It was found that melt blending of NPE additives improved hydrophilicity of PP films through additive surface segregation. Surface specific techniques, such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Time‐of‐Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) were used to study surface compositions of samples modified with NPE additives at different aging time after extrusion. We found that surface enrichment of additives lead to hydrophilic surfaces. Hydrophilic chain length in NPE affected surface composition and hydrophilicity of NPE containing PP polymer. The effect of water immersion and aging were also reported. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 52:1920–1927, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of the zeolite type on the mechanical–thermal properties and volatile organic compound emissions of natural‐flour‐filled polypropylene hybrid composites

The physicomechanical properties, thermal properties, odor, and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions of natural‐flour‐filled polypropylene (PP) composites were investigated as a function of the zeolite type and content. The surface area and pore structure of the natural and synthetic zeolites were determined by surface area analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. With increasing natural and synthetic zeolite content, the tensile and flexural strengths of the hybrid composites were not significantly changed, whereas the water absorption was slightly increased. The thermal stability and degradation temperature of the hybrid composites were slightly increased with increasing natural and synthetic zeolite content. At natural and synthetic zeolite contents of 3%, the various odors and VOC emissions of the polypropylene/rice husk flour and polypropylene/wood flour hybrid composites were significantly reduced because of the absorption of the odor and VOC materials in the pore structures of the natural and synthetic zeolites. These results suggest that the addition of natural and synthetic zeolites to natural‐flour‐filled thermoplastic polymer composites is an effective method of reducing their odor and VOC emissions without any degradation of their mechanical and thermal properties. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effects of antioxidants,methyl silicone and hydrogenation on room odor of soybean cooking oils

Room odor characteristics produced by heated soybean oil (SBO) and soybean oils hydrogenated with copper (CuHSBO) and nickel (NiHSBO) catalysts were evaluated by a trained panel. Oils were intermittently heated to 190 C for total heating periods of 5, 15 and 30 hr. Oil additives investigated included methyl silicone (MS), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and a polymeric antioxidant in various combinations with citric acid (CA). In room odor tests directly comparing SBO, CuHSBO and NiHSBO, panelists rated the hydrogenated oils as having significantly less odor intensity than the SBO. The combination of CA+MS had the greatest effect in lowering odor intensity of the heated oils, followed by the mixture of CA+MS+TBHQ. The low odor intensity of the MS-treated oils remained fairly constant throughout the tests, while the higher intensity associated with all the other additive-treated oils decreased with increasing heating times, possibly as the result of formation of more volatile decomposition products in the initial heating stages. Methyl silicone had the strongest effect of any additive in decreasing objectionable room odors in the oils. Partially hydrogenated SBO treated with up to 5 ppm of MS produced cooking oils with low room odor intensity and low color development during prolonged heating.     

双组分室温硫化硅橡胶耐热性能的研究进展

讨论了双组分室温硫化硅橡胶的耐热性能,介绍了其热氧老化机理,并分析了提高耐热性能的途径,主要包括:改变其主链与侧基的结构,消除硅羟基,使用新型硫化体系,加入硅氮类化合物、耐热添加剂和硅树脂等。     

Polypropylene surface modification with stearyl alcohol ethoxylates to enhance wettability

Stearyl alcohol ethoxylated additives were melt‐blended in polypropylene (PP) films, and the characteristics of the modified films were investigated. The melt blending of stearyl alcohol ethoxylates improved the hydrophilicity of the PP films through additive surface segregation. Surface specific techniques, such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary‐ion mass spectrometry, were used to study the surface compositions of the samples modified with ethoxylated additives. This revealed that the surface concentrations of the additives were significantly higher than the bulk concentrations in all samples. In addition, the surface compositions of the additive‐modified samples continuously changed, even after the films were fully solidified. We also found that the resulting surface characteristics were very dynamic, so the melt‐additive‐containing polymer surfaces responded to water exposure, and their surface properties and morphologies were altered as a result. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011