我国硅钙合金生产发展史略

概述了硅钙合金的用途及发展简史,对我国硅钙合金生产工艺的发展过程、原理及工艺特点进行了简要介绍和分析,并对我国今后硅钙合金冶炼工艺提出了新的设想。     

硅钙电炉采用空心电极的试验研究

文中介绍了采用空心电极冶炼硅钙合金的试验，讨论该项技术用于硅钙冶炼的可行性；指出试验存在的问题。     

矿热炉冶炼高品位硅钙钡合金

在硅钙合金分层法冶炼基础上,加入钡矿用硅热法还原钡元素,制得高品位硅钙钡合金。冶炼中正确控制(CaO+BaO)/SiO_2、CaO/BaO 的比值等影响因素,可使冶炼操作顺行。硅钙钡合金在管20、管20g、18MnHP 钢中应用,脱氧率比用 Si_(20)Al)(50)合金提高30—40%,脱硫效率提高15—20%,夹杂物得到变性处理,其总量降低30—40%。     

电极事故对冶炼硅钙合金的影响

分析了分层法冶炼硅钙合金过程中电极事故产生的原因 ,指出适当增加还原剂用量 ,保证电极下放长度不超过铜瓦高度的2 /3及合适的电极糊质量 ,可预防或减少电极事故的发生 ,有利于硅钙合金的冶炼和改善技术经济指标     

硅钙合金中有害元素的控制探析

对当前国内硅钙合金的有害元素进行了简要分析,同时介绍了采用高功率真空感应炉冶炼硅钙合金控制其中有害元素的工艺,取得了较好的效果。     

大型硅钙合金矿热炉吹氧捅拉装置的应用

随着硅钙合金矿热炉的大型化,炉前设备的机械化水平已成为硅钙合金生产的限制性因素。文章通过分析传统硅钙合金开铁口机构的缺陷,研发了一种大型硅钙合金冶炼专用吹氧捅拉装置,实现了提高炉前设备机械化水平、降低生产成本、减轻工人劳动强度等目标。     

矿热炉冶炼硅钙钡铝合金

硅钙钡铝合金为钡系合金中高级复合合金,是含钡合金中强脱氧,脱硫剂。它是特殊钢常用的终脱氧剂,使钢中的氧达到最低(4.3ppm);同时形成含钙、钡、铝等复杂夹杂物易从钢中上浮,纯洁钢液,提高钢的内在质量。目前生产方法有:(1)硅铝合金冶炼加入石灰、钡矿而成硅钙钡铝合金;(2)分层法冶炼硅钙钡合金加入铝土矿而成     

减缓硅钙电炉堆积技术及电炉优化设计实例

介绍了我国硅钙合金在设备和技术方面的发展历程,提出了硅钙合金电炉技术改进的方向为减缓炉缸堆积技术。通过剖析硅钙合金的冶炼机理,并结合电炉的实际炉体解剖分析,得出了基于缓解炉缸堆积理念的大电炉供热条件的优化设计基础结论。列举了25.5 MVA硅钙电炉的设计参数,用于指导电炉设计。     

2003年《铁合金》总目录

文章题目期号页码文章题目期号页码7 23 2817硅质合金一、曰,‘一、︸6,.1,‘内j12 17241222411硅钙合金混合加料法生产过程中炉底上涨问题的研究3OMVA硅钙电炉及生产工艺过程采用平衡状态图分析工艺因素对工业硅(或硅铁)冶炼的影响碳热法冶炼稀土硅铁的实践硅钙合金生产过程的一维动态模型3t电弧炉稀土硅铁生产实践25.SMVA工业硅炉开炉工艺实践工业硅生产三要素铁合金矿粉冷压球团成球机理及固结粉煤灰、铝土矿电热法生产铝硅铁合金的试验新型高密度低气孔率电炉炭砖的开发与应用含铝50%的硅铝合金生产技术矿热炉冶炼碱土金属合金炉底…     

1993年《铁合金》总目录

文章题吕期号页数期号页数OU迁.OU 6 00确件22峨乙,J通.斗︸亏︸4 4 4 4.、︺硅质合金 文章题目佳祀或硅钙合金组合还原法冶炼钒铁铝铁冶炼最优配料数学模型及计算机应用一步法碳热还原生产硅钡系列合金铝粒生产工艺的改进F esiMg。双E:合金破碎加工中的元素损失炉外法制取低铝钦铁的控铝方法犯托拓19大电炉冶炼硅钙合金1用矿石还原法生产硅铝合全1工业硅生产理论初探2毛L质合金中硅的热力学行为2小容蛋硅铁炉冶炼对廷石物理性能的选择3高炉用酸性铁精矿球团在硅铁冶炼中的应用5选好焦炭平均俭度降低75终硅铁电耗6725刊孟质合全417刃5Q…     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定高碳除尘灰中11种元素

实验重点探讨了高含量碳对除尘灰样品中镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌等元素测定的影响,并解决了除碳的问题。样品使用马弗炉高温除碳,采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解样品灰分,选择了镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌等元素的分析谱线和扣背景模式,建立了使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定高碳除尘灰中镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌等元素的方法。在仪器最佳工作条件下,各元素校准曲线线性相关系数r均大于0.999 5,方法检出限在1.08～26.01 mg/kg之间。方法应用于除尘灰实际样品中镁、铝、钾、钙、铬、锰、铜、钡、铅、镉、锌的测定,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.90%～7.1%,目标元素的加标回收率为90%～117%;按照实验方法测定除尘灰中镁、铝、钾、钙、锌,结果与火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)的测定结果相吻合。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铍中11种杂质元素

铍中铝、钴、铬、铜、铁、镁、锰、镍、铅、硅和锌等11种杂质元素含量的准确测定,是判定铍材是否合格的重要指标。目前,上述杂质元素的测定标准为GJB 2513A—2008《铍化学分析方法》,方法分别采用光度法和原子吸收光谱法对各元素逐一测定,测定周期很长。试验采用盐酸-硝酸溶解样品,选择Al 308.215nm、Co 230.786nm、Cr 284.325nm、Cu 324.754nm、Fe 261.187nm、Mg 285.213nm、Mn 260.569nm、Ni 221.647nm、Pb 182.205nm、Si 250.690nm、Zn 213.856nm为分析谱线,采用标准加入法(MSA)配制标准溶液系列消除基体效应的影响,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铝、钴、铬、铜、铁、镁、锰、镍、铅、硅和锌,从而建立了铍中11种元素的测定方法。各待测元素校准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.9995;各元素的定量限为0.001%~0.002%。实验方法用于测定铍样中铝、钴、铬、铜、铁、镁、锰、镍、铅、硅和锌,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)为0.63%~8.6%,回收率为90%~110%。按照实验方法测定铍样中上述11种元素,测定结果与采用GJB 2513A—2008测定的结果吻合。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁矿石中Zn、Co、Ni、Pb、Cr含量

研究了应用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铁矿石中Zn、Co、Ni、Pb、Cr微量元素，研究了基体干扰及消除方法，同时考察了介质，采用盐酸、高氯酸、硝酸、氢氟酸等分解试样。Zn、Co、Ni、Pb、Cr的检出限为(％)：0．0002，0．0002，0．0003，0．0002，0．0005。     

Management of Fluid Mud in Estuaries, Bays, and Lakes. II: Measurement, Modeling, and Management

Techniques for measurement, modeling, and management of fluid mud are available, but research is needed to improve them. Fluid mud can be difficult to detect, measure, or sample, which has led to new instruments and new ways of using existing instruments. Multifrequency acoustic fathometers sense neither density nor viscosity and are, therefore, unreliable in measuring fluid mud. Nuclear density probes, towed sleds, seismic, and drop probes equipped with density meters offer the potential for accurate measurements. Numerical modeling of fluid mud requires solving governing equations for flow velocity, density, pressure, salinity, water surface, plus sediment submodels. A number of such models exist in one-, two-, and three-dimensional form, but they rely on empirical relationships that require substantial site-specific validation to observations. Management of fluid mud techniques can be classified as those that accomplish: Source control, formation control, and removal. Nautical depth, a fourth category, defines the channel bottom as a specific fluid mud density or alternative parameter as safe for navigation. Source control includes watershed management measures to keep fine sediment out of waterways and in-water measures such as structures and traps. Formation control methods include streamlined channels and structures plus other measures to reduce flocculation and structures that train currents. Removal methods include the traditional dredging and transport of dredged material plus agitation that contributes to formation control and/or nautical depth. Conditioning of fluid mud by dredging and aerating offers the possibility of improved navigability. Two examples—the Atchafalaya Bar Channel and Savannah Harbor—illustrate the use of measurements and management of fluid mud.     

Review of Alcoholism: A bio-psycho-social approach.

Reviews the book, Alcoholism: A bio-psycho-social approach by Jerome David Levin (1990). This small volume sets its task as providing counseling students with a comprehensive knowledge base "summarizing biochemical, pharmacological, physiological, anthropological, sociological, epidemiological, historical, and psychological findings on alcohol and its use and abuse" (Preface, p. xi). It treats each of these, in varying degrees of depth, in seven chapters. Perhaps the greatest strength of the book is its thorough presentation of the medical consequences of alcoholism, the mechanisms involved, and the interplay between biological and psychological factors. Unfortunately, this volume does not provide sufficient coverage of treatment-related issues. It may serve as an introductory overview of the alcoholism field for undergraduate or graduate students, or professionals from other fields. It is too advanced, however, in its use of concepts and language, for paraprofessional students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定锰铁合金、锰硅合金和金属锰中8种微量元素

锰铁合金、锰硅合金、金属锰中铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝的含量决定了产品质量,以往常采用化学法或原子吸收光谱法进行测定,但存在准确度较差或测定速度不能满足要求等问题。为了实现上述元素的准确、快速测定,建立了采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定锰铁合金、锰硅合金和金属锰中微量铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝的方法。实验以硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸分解样品,并使硅与氢氟酸反应生成四氟化硅挥发除去,试液中剩余共存元素主要有铁、锰等。实验结果表明,铁不干扰测定,通过在标准溶液系列中进行锰基体匹配消除锰基体效应的影响。以2mL高氯酸和6mL盐酸混合酸(8%)作为分析介质,可以达到最佳分析效果。在各元素校准曲线线性范围内,线性相关系数在0.9992~0.9999之间;方法中各元素的检出限在0.0001~0.0040μg/mL。实验方法用于测定锰铁合金、锰硅合金、金属锰中铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)在2.2%~9.4%;回收率在95%~105%;选择7个实验室进行了验证试验,各实验室间结果基本一致;按照实验方法测定了4个标准样品(材字-32、YSB C 28618、YSB C 26605)中铅、砷、钛、铜、镍、钙、镁、铝,结果与认定值相吻合。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定硅铁钡孕育剂中9种元素

采用硝酸和氢氟酸溶解样品,高氯酸冒烟驱尽硝酸-氢氟酸,盐酸溶解盐类,选择Ba 233.527nm、Fe 259.940nm、Ca 317.933nm、Mn 257.610nm、Cr 267.716nm、Al 394.401nm、Ni 231.604nm、Cu 327.396nm、P 178.284nm为分析线,使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷,从而建立了硅铁钡孕育剂中钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷等9种元素的测定方法。各元素校准曲线的相关系数均大于0.9995;方法中各元素检出限为0.00006%~0.00069%。按照实验方法测定标准样品GSB03-1607-2003中钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷,结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为0.63%~3.4%。实验方法用于测定标准样品GSB03-1607-2003和YSB14607-2001中钡、铁、钙、锰、铬、铝、镍、铜、磷,测定值与认定值基本相符。     

Contrasting Clogging in Granular Media Filters, Soils, and Dead-End Membranes

Clogging in porous media is a problem in environmental engineering, hydrogeology, soil science, and petrology. However, a comparison of the literature reveals qualitatively different clogging behavior in different porous media: in granular media filters, increasing clogging is associated with slower flow, more flocculated conditions, and smaller fractal dimensions. In soils and dead-end membranes, increasing clogging is associated with faster flow, more dispersed conditions, and larger fractal dimensions. This paper documents these differences, discusses them in light of two key intermediate variables, colloid accumulation and deposit morphology, then presents a new conceptual model that explains the reported clogging phenomena as a function of specific deposit, fractal dimension, and a new variable, deposit location. Testing this model is possible using recently introduced experimental techniques.     

分光光度-遗传算法同时测定锌、镉、钴、镍、锰

在pH9.3,乳化剂OP存在下,Zn2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Ni2+,Mn2+与5-Br-PADAP发生灵敏的显色反应,所形成的三元胶束络合物的吸收光谱严重重叠,单独测定相互干扰严重。本文将分光光度法与遗传算法相结合,对同一混合体系的总吸光度值进行解析,实现了5种组分的同时测定。模拟样品测定的相对误差一般小于±10%。     

Pollutant Removal and Peak Flow Mitigation by a Bioretention Cell in Urban Charlotte, N.C.

Bioretention is a stormwater treatment practice that has gained popularity due to its aesthetics, potential to reduce flooding, and early documented improvements to stormwater quality. A bioretention cell in an urban setting was examined in Charlotte, N.C. from 2004 to 2006. Flow-weighted, composite water quality samples were collected for 23 events and analyzed for TKN, NH4-N, NO2-3-N, TP, TSS, BOD-5, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb. Grab samples were collected from 19 storms for fecal coliform and 14 events for Escherichia coli (E. coli). There were significant reductions (p<0.05) in the concentrations of TN, TKN, NH4-N, BOD-5, fecal coliform, E. Coli, TSS, Cu, Zn, and Pb. Iron concentrations significantly increased (p<0.05). NO2-3-N concentrations were essentially unchanged. Efficiency ratios for TN, TKN, NH4-N, TP, and TSS were 0.32, 0.44, 0.73, 0.31, and 0.60, respectively. Fecal coliform and E. coli efficiency ratios were 0.69 and 0.71, respectively. Efficiency ratios for Zn, Cu, and Pb were 0.77, 0.54, and 0.31, respectively. Concentrations of Fe increased by 330%. The peak outflow of the bioretention cell for 16 storms with less than 42?mm of rainfall was at least 96.5% less than the peak inflow, with a mean peak flow reduction being 99%. These results indicated that in an urban environment, bioretention systems can reduce concentrations of most target pollutants, including pathogenic bacteria indicator species. Additionally, bioretention can effectively reduce peak runoff from small to midsize storm events.