展望可再生核电能源取代火电的前景

降低温室效应的有效途径之一为开发核电.为了核电的可持续发展,应开发可再生核能.本文对铀-钚可再生核燃料与钍-铀可再生核燃料的特性进行了阐述与比较,特别强调在我国钍-铀可再生核燃料的应用前景.     

Pulsed nuclear power stations as the basis of the global power industry: Resource and ecological considerations

VNIITF. Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 78, No. 6, pp. 359–364, June, 1995.     

Automated recordkeeping of nuclear materials at electric power plants powered with a water-moderated-water-cooled nuclear reactor

Conclusions The automated nuclear-material recordkeeping system based on the NUMIS-2 program is at present being introduced at the Novororonezh electric power plant. Concurrently, the program is being modified in order to allow its use by the computer model being created in the COMECON member-nations. In the long term, it is expected that the recordkeeping program will become a component part of a single automated control systems of individual electric power plants.The NUMIS-2 program was approved for nuclear-material recordkeeping use after it was tested on the first fuel load of the fourth unit of the Novovoronezh electric power plant. The experiment confirmed the feasibility of automating the processing and storing of nuclear-material information and of recording that information and on the standard computer carriers of information. In principle, these same records can be submitted to the national recordkeeping service (or to the International Atomic Energy Agency) for their further immediate processing by means of the computer program employed by the service. In this manner, the recordkeeping system becomes closed, which makes it promising.We note that the propesed nuclear-material recordkeeping system satisfied the basic requirements of recordkeeping by computer laid down by the International Atomic Energy Agency as well as the required order of reporting by the plants under the control of the Agency.Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 267–270, October, 1978.     

South Africa's opportunity to maximise the role of nuclear power in a global hydrogen economy

Global concern for increased energy demand, increased cost of natural gas and petroleum, energy security and environmental degradation are leading to heightened interest in using nuclear energy and hydrogen to leverage existing hydrocarbon reserves. The wasteful use of hydrocarbons can be minimised by using nuclear as a source of energy and water as a source of hydrogen. Virtually all hydrogen today is produced from fossil fuels, which give rise to CO₂ emissions. Hydrogen can be cleanly produced from water (without CO₂ pollution) by using nuclear energy to generate the required electricity and/or process heat to split the water molecule. Once the clean hydrogen has been produced, it can be used as feedstock to fuel cell technologies, or in the nearer term as feedstock to a coal-to-liquids process to produce cleaner synthetic liquid fuels. Clean liquid fuels from coal - using hydrogen generated from nuclear energy - is an intermediate step for using hydrogen to reduce pollution in the transport sector; simultaneously addressing energy security concerns. Several promising water-splitting technologies have been identified. Thermo-chemical water-splitting and high-temperature steam electrolysis technologies require process temperatures in the range of 850 °C and higher for the efficient production of hydrogen. The pebble bed modular reactor (PBMR), under development in South Africa, is ideally suited to generate both high-temperature process heat and electricity for the production of hydrogen. This paper will discuss South Africa's opportunity to maximise the use of its nuclear technology and national resources in a global hydrogen economy.     

核动力控制系统连续仿真和离散仿真的研究

分别采用连续时间模型和离散时间模型对一个试验重水反应堆的功率控制系统进行仿真研究,并阐述了如何利用仿真工具分析和改善系统的固有缺陷,使之达到希望的控制效果。     

A design of in-plant electric power system for the HTR-10

The design of in-plant electric power system for the 10 MW high-temperature gas-cooled reactor-test module (HTR-10) has taken into full consideration the feature of good inherent safety existing with the HTR-10 and has adopted a scheme different from those adopted for ordinary nuclear power plants. This paper gives an introduction to the structure, design objectives of in-plant electric power system, the designing schemes of different subsystems and the main equipment. The result of system test and operation show that the design can meet the demand for power reply from the reactor under any operational conditions. At the same time, it can reduce the system cost and improve the reliability and the safety of the system.     

电力市场中核电适应的交易方式与竞价方式探讨

结合我国区域电力市场改革的目标、核电的成本特征和市场特征,通过对核电在不同电力市场模式、交易方式和竞价方式下的适应性分析,提出了适合核电的电力市场模式、交易方式和竞价方式.     

中国核电标准发展与体系建设

通过对我国核电标准现状的分析,指出了加快建设我国核电标准体系的重要性和必要性,提出了核电标准建设的指导思想、发展思路、工作原则和发展目标。