共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
以甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为单体、N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂、过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂、聚乙烯醇为分散剂、水为分散介质,采用悬浮聚合法制备了自溶胀型的吸油树脂,并通过正交实验考察了交联剂、致孔剂对树脂吸油性能的影响.结果表明,当n(BMA):n( BA)=1:2、引发剂用量为0.8%、交联剂用量为1.6%、分散剂用量为5.0%、温度为80℃、反应时间为5 h、水油比为7:1时,甲苯的吸油率为17.24 g·g-1,致孔剂乙酸乙酯的加入使甲苯的吸油率提高至25.24 g·g-1. 相似文献
2.
3.
聚丙烯酸酯的乳液聚合及其吸油性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以丙烯酸十二酯、丙烯酸丁酯等为原料,采用乳液聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸酯树脂。讨论了乳化剂、搅拌速度、反应温度对聚丙烯酸酯乳液性能的影响,考察了单体配比、引发剂用量、交联剂种类及用量、致孔剂用量等对聚丙烯酸酯树脂吸油性能的影响。发现当反应单体丙烯酸丁酯与丙烯酸十二酯的摩尔比为3∶1,交联剂二乙烯基苯用量为单体质量的2%,引发剂过硫酸铵用量为单体质量的2%,致孔剂乙酸乙酯用量为单体质量的50%时,合成的聚丙烯酸酯树脂对煤油、甲苯和CCl4的吸收率分别为7.12、18.10和33.39g·g-1,表现出良好的吸油性能。 相似文献
4.
5.
以甲基丙烯酸月桂酯(LMA)和甲基丙烯酸异辛酯(EHMA)为单体,苯乙烯为功能单体,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,二乙烯基苯为交联剂,丙酮为致孔剂,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂,采用悬浮聚合法制备了一种高吸油性树脂。通过红外光谱(IR)和热失重分析对不同配比EHMA和LMA的吸油树脂进行了研究,并对其吸油性能进行了测定。结果表明,当LMA与EHMA的质量比为2∶1时,得到综合吸油性能最好的树脂,在氯仿、二甲苯、柴油、环己烷、汽油、机油6种油品中的最大吸油倍率依次为14,9,7,6,4,3 g/g。 相似文献
6.
以三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、α-甲基苯乙烯(α-MSt)为单体,二乙烯基苯(DVB)为交联剂,过氧化二苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,甲苯、环己烷为致孔剂,明胶、磷酸三钙为分散剂,采用悬浮聚合法合成了高吸油树脂。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜等研究了吸油树脂的结构、吸油倍率、饱和吸油时间、吸油树脂重复使用后的二次饱和吸油倍率以及吸油前后的内部形态。结果表明:m(α-MSt)/m(EPDM)为4:6,DVB和BPO用量均为1 g,溶剂甲苯与环己烷体积比为4:1,明胶与磷酸三钙的质量比为2:1,搅拌速率为500 r/min,水油体积比为5:1时,吸油树脂对柴油的吸油倍率最高为11.5 g/g,吸油饱和时间最短为3天;吸油树脂经乙醇萃取后反复使用,饱和吸油倍率几乎不变;吸油树脂内部存在分布不均的网孔结构。 相似文献
7.
8.
以甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为单体,二乙烯苯(DVB)为交联剂,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,采用悬浮聚合法制备了丙烯酸短链烷基酯类高吸油树脂。通过研究单体配比、引发剂用量、交联剂用量和分散剂种类及用量等对树脂吸油率的影响,得到了制备的高吸油树脂最佳工艺配方。实验结果表明:当n(BMA)∶n(BA)=0.67,BPO质量分数为0.5%,DVB质量分数为0.5%,采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)为分散剂且其质量分数为3%时,树脂的形态结构最好,且吸油率最大。研究表明,树脂可吸收四氯化碳11.2 g/g,甲苯6.0 g/g,汽油3.9 g/g,柴油2.2 g/g,且树脂的保油率在90%以上。 相似文献
9.
聚丙烯高分子吸收剂具有优良的吸附功能,与传统吸附材料相比其吸油速率相对较快,且保油能力强,是一种多孔性高分子物质。以聚丙烯高分子吸收剂为研究对象,研究其对油品的吸收性能。主要考察了聚丙烯高分子吸收剂的吸水性、饱和吸油率,以及温度、时间、振荡频率等因素对其吸油性能的影响。结果表明:聚丙烯高分子吸收剂的饱和吸水倍率为0.9 g·g-1,而对煤油的饱和吸附量达到7.5 g·g-1,在吸油30 min左右就会达到饱和。温度的升高更有利于提高材料的吸油速率,而振荡频率对其吸油性能的影响较小;另外高分子吸油树脂对煤油、柴油、汽油等黏度小的油品具有良好的吸收能力,而对原油、食用油、机油、泔水油等黏度大的油品的吸收能较差。 相似文献
10.
11.
Gladys H. P. Cho S. K. Yeong T. L. Ooi C. H. Chuah 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2006,9(2):147-152
Mono- and di-esterified glycerols were synthesized by the base catalyzed reaction of glycerol with aliphatic dicarboxylic
acid esters (C2−C9): 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl oxalate (2), 1,3 dioxalyloxy propan-2-ol (3), 1,3-dimethoxyoxalyloxy propan-2-ol (5), 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl malonate (6), 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl methyl malonate (7), 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl methyl succinate (8), 1,3-dimethoxysuccinyloxy propan-2-ol (9), 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl methyl glutarate (10), 1,3-dimethoxyglutaryloxy propan-2-ol (11), 2,3-dihydroxy-propyl methyl azelate (14), and 1,3-dimethoxyazelyloxy propan-2-ol (15). Their structures were elucidated by spectrometric methods. Compounds 8, 10, 2,3-dihydroxy-propl methyl adipate (12) and 14 were found to possess surface active properties and the ability to reduce the interfacial tension between paraffin and water. 相似文献
12.
Cleavable surfactants 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Per-Erik Hellberg Karin Bergström Krister Holmberg 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2000,3(1):81-91
Cleavable surfactants are of interest for several reasons. Above all, the development of surfactants with weak bonds deliberately
built into the structure is driven by the need for improved biodegradability of amphiphiles. The breakdown may be catalyzed
by enzymes, and biodegradation would be the normal mechanism in sewage plants. Alternatively, the surfactant may degrade by
chemical means, e.g., induced by acid, alkali, ultraviolet (UV) light, heat, or ozone. Acid- and alkali-labile surfactants
have attracted particular attention, and there is often a compromise between required stability at one stage and ease of breakdown
at a subsequent stage. The paper reviews the main routes used to prepare cleavable surfactants and points out advantages and
disadvantages of the different approaches. Emphasis is placed on the development during recent years. Cyclic and acyclic acetals,
ketals, and ortho esters are the most important types of bonds for the preparation of acid-labile surfactants, whereas alkali-labile
amphiphiles usually are based on ester bonds. The ester bond approach has been particularly important for cationic surfactants,
and so-called ester quats have rapidly taken a large share of the traditional market for quats. Betaine esters constitute
a special class of ester with very pronounced pH dependence. UV-labile surfactants based, for instance, on an azo bond, offer
promise for the future. 相似文献
13.
14.
脂肪酶催化合成生物表面活性剂 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
脂肪酸单甘油酯、脂肪酸糖酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯和长链脂肪酸蜡酯是重要的生物表面活性剂。传统化学法以碱为催化剂在高温下进行,不仅能耗高且产品纯度低。脂肪酶作为一种天然生物催化剂,可以温和条件下催化合成上述生物表面活性剂,能耗低且产品纯度高。综述对脂肪酶催化合成生物表面活笥剂工艺路线、反应体系及操作参数。 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
Amidination of lipase with hydrophobic imidoesters 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M. Basri K. Ampon W. M. Z. Yunus C. N. A. Razak A. B. Salleh 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(6):579-583
Lipase fromCandida rugosa was chemically modified by amidination with imidoester hydrochlorides of different hydrophobicity. The modified enzyme showed
a higher ester synthesis activity but a lower ester hydrolysis activity compared with the native enzyme. The maximum specific
activity of the modified enzyme depended on its degree of derivatization. Benzene was found to be the best solvent for the
synthesis reaction. The optimal temperature for the reaction was not affected by modification of the lipase. The modified
lipase was more thermostable and solvent-stable than the native enzyme. When fatty acids of different carbon chainlength were
tested as substrates in the synthesis of esters with the modified lipase, the highest activity was observed with myristic
acid and propanol. 相似文献
18.
提出一种合成对氟、3,5-二氟(氯)苯膦酸酯的有效方法。通过对氟溴苯、3,5-二氟溴苯(均三氯苯)与亚磷酸三甲酯在光照下反应,得到相应的苯膦酸酯。对合成的苯膦酸酯进行了质谱和核磁(1H NMR)表征,并考察了反应条件(反应物投料比、反应温度、反应时间)对转化率的影响。研究发现,与均三氯苯为原料相比,含氟溴苯具有更高的选择性(氟不参与反应),在一定反应下,可以得到中等的3,5-二氟苯膦酸酯转化率(42.5%)和收率(33.6%)。得到的对氟、3,5-二氟苯膦酸酯很容易从产物中分离。此外,在相同反应条件下,以对氟溴苯、3,5-二氟溴苯、或者均三氯苯为原料,转化率基本相同。 相似文献