树脂分离富集-石墨炉原子吸收测定痕量钯

研究了Styrene—DVB—D301G大孔弱碱性苯乙烯系阴离子交换树脂对痕量Pd的吸附性能。在1％—10％HCl介质中，Pd与Cl^-形成的[PdCl6]^2-络阴离子被树脂吸附。吸附物灰化，王水溶解，在5％HCl溶液中用石墨炉原子吸收测定。方法检出限为0．8ng／g，测定国家一级标准样品中的Pd，结果与标准值相符，12次测定的RSD为6．1％—7．3％。方法用于测定水系沉积物中的痕量Pd。     

氯化银比浊法测定电解液中活度氯离子的实践探讨

用氢氧化钠调节标准阴极铜生产中电解液pH10－14，使Cu^2 、Ni62 、Fe2 、Co^2 等离子及固态化合物与活度Cl^-一次分离，在5％－10％（V／V）硝酸溶液中Cl^-与Ag^ 生成AgCl浑浊物，用比浊法进行测定，测定范围为0．8－4μg/mL，并具有良好线性关系，探讨了沉淀分离物对活度Cl^-的吸附情况及测定条件下SO4^2-的影响。     

活性炭吸附-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定化探样品中痕量金铂钯

对于大量化探样品的测定，方法必须尽量操作简便、程序快捷、成本经济和结果可靠。本方法采用酸溶分解样品，活性炭吸附分离富集Au,Pt,Pb，结合电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法进行测定。方法的检出限为0．2ng/g(Au,Pb)-0.5ng/g(Pt)，用于化探样品的测定，结果与推荐值吻合较好，5次平行测定的RSD在6．5％－13．5％。方法简便快速，能适合大量化探样品的实际分析。     

硫化镍试金预富集-ICP-AES测定矿石中的Pt、Pd、Ir、Au

详细研究了硫化镍试金预富集－ICP－AES测定矿石中的Pt,Pd,Ir,Au的多种影响因素，结果表明硫化镍扣用盐酸溶解，多孔玻砂坩埚过滤溶液，盐酸和双氧水溶解残渣是比较理想的分析方案，硫化镍扣溶解过程中，Pt,Pd的损失可忽略。Au的损失相当高，仅能半定量，对于μg/g级的样品，Pt,Pd,Ir,Au的平均回收率在96－99％之间，相对标准偏差为1．7％－6．8％（n=5)，拟定的方法已用于矿石、精矿的分析。     

用双层辉光等离子法在钛表面制备的Ti-Pd合金层性能研究

采用双层辉光等离子冶金技术在纯钛表面制备了Ti—Pd合金层。其深度大约为90μm，Pd含量呈梯度变化，并出现了TiPd3，TiPd2，Ti2Pd3，Ti3Pd5，TiPd，Ti4Pd等6种化合物相和Pd相。合金层在100℃的NaCl饱和溶液＋HCl溶液以及40℃的8．6％H2SO4溶液中的耐缝隙腐蚀性能优于Ti0．2Pd合金；在室温80％H2SO4的溶液中，腐蚀速率仅为0．682mm／a，是Ti0．2Pd合金的18．2％：在室温30％HCl的溶液中，表面Ti—Pd的腐蚀速率仅为0．004mm／a，是Ti0．2Pd合金的12．5％。     

几种因素对油套管钢CO2腐蚀行为影响

研究了流动条件下CO2分压、流速、原油含水率、溶液Cl^-浓度及pH值对3种油套管常用材料N80、P105和SM110腐蚀行为的影响．90℃、1．5m／s时，随CO2分压升高，材料的腐蚀速率先升后降，在CO2分压为2．5MPa时，除N80钢外，其它材料的腐蚀速率达到最大值；90℃、CO2分压为2．5MPa时，随着流速的增加，腐蚀速率先升后降，在流速为1．5m／s时，材料的腐蚀速率达到最大值；原油含水率对材料的腐蚀速率影响较大；溶液的pH值及Cl^-浓度对材料的腐蚀速率影响不明显．     

塔里木油田用油套管钢的静态腐蚀研究

研究了温度、CO2分压、溶液pH值及Cl^-浓度对4种油套管常用材料N80、P105、P110和SM110腐蚀行为的影响．在温度为90℃时，4种材料的腐蚀速率都达到最大值．当温度为65℃时，除P105外，其它材料的腐蚀速率随CO2分压的增大而升高．而在90℃时，除P105外。其它材料的腐蚀速率在CO2分压为2．5MPa时达到最大值．溶液pH值及Cl^-浓度对材料的腐蚀速率的影响不明显．     

不同温度下HNO3改性对活性炭吸附银的影响

使用浓HNO3分别在常温和沸腾状态下对活性炭进行改性，用FTIR和N2吸附法对活性炭进行表面分析，使用AAS，SEM和XRD研究银在活性炭表面的吸附和分布特征。研究结果表明：活性炭经常温浓HNO3改性后，比表面积和孔容都明显提高，而经沸腾浓HNO3改性后，比表面积和孔容却明显减小，但2种改性方式都使活性炭表面产生更多的含氧基团，为[Ag（NH3）2]^＋的吸附还原提供更多的活性点，从而使活性炭表面银颗粒更加密集；常温浓HNO3改性极大地促进了[Ag（NH3）2]^＋的吸附还原，当银离子初始质量浓度为600mg／L时，活性炭对银的吸附量是原炭的5倍多；而活性炭沸腾浓HNO3改性使银的吸附量略有下降，但银颗粒却更加细小而密集，有利于活性炭表面纳米银颗粒的形成。     

有机溶剂对三元混配物芳环堆积作用的影响

用pH电位滴定法测定了含1，10－邻菲绕啉（Phen)和羧酸（CA）配体的三元混配物Pd(Phen)(CA) 体系在不同浓度乙醇－水溶液（30％－90％，V／V）中的稳定常数，比较和讨论了各种配合物之间的稳定性差异，并计算了三元混配物Pd(Phen)(PCA)^ （PCA为2－苯乙酸和3－苯丙酸）中堆积异构体的百分数。实验结果表明：三元混配物Pd（Phen)（PCA）^ 分子内的芳环堆积作用与溶液极性有关。溶液极性愈弱，分子内芳环堆积作用愈强，堆积异构体的百分数愈大，三元混配物愈稳定。     

再生专利

从低浓度的钯离子废液中回收钯专利申请号:02102604.1公开号:1388256申请人:厦门大学这是一种微量贵金属的回收方法,采用的细菌为地衣芽胞杆菌,株号R08。首先将菌体浓度为0.4～2.0g/L的R08菌体细胞溶液与浓度为30～300mg/L的Pd2+水溶液混合,于5℃～60℃,pH2.0～3.5的条件下,按130次/分钟的振荡频率振荡3～90分钟,然后过滤Pd2+菌体作用液,将过滤后的吸附Pd2+的菌体于室温下放置6～48h,最后经550℃～800℃灼烧1.5～3h后得金属钯。方法简便,成本低,特别适合于从低浓度的Pd2+溶液中回收钯,Pd2+吸附率可高达99%。铜系或铁系脱硫剂的再生方法…     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.