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交联甘薯淀粉的制备及性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了以甘薯淀粉为原料,三偏磷酸钠(STMP)为酯化剂,制备交联甘薯淀粉.通过正交试验考察温度、时间、pH值及三偏磷酸钠用量对交联甘薯淀粉(csps)的结合磷含量的影响,并得出了制取交联甘薯淀粉的最佳工艺条件:反应温度为50℃,反应时间为3h,反应pH值为10.5,STM,添加量为5.5%.与原淀粉相比,交联甘薯淀粉在糊液黏度的稳定性、乳化性及凝沉性等方面均有较大的改善. 相似文献
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以芭蕉芋淀粉为原料,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂,对芭蕉芋淀粉进行交联以制备芭蕉芋交联淀粉。以沉降积为指标,碱性硫酸钠用量、反应时间、反应温度和三偏磷酸钠用量为因素,采用正交实验设计进行交联反应的工艺优化,并对交联淀粉的理化性质和结构进行分析。结果表明:当硫酸钠加入的质量分数为15%,温度35℃,反应时间5 h,三偏磷酸钠添加的质量分数为0.5%时,淀粉的交联度最好;芭蕉芋交联淀粉在拉曼光谱中有明显的磷酸基团吸收峰,具有良好的冻融稳定性、抗老化性、凝胶质构特性和假塑性,可提高体系的弹性与剪切稳定性,为其在食品中应用提供借鉴。 相似文献
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以三偏磷酸钠(STMP)为交联剂,醋酸酐为酯化剂,对甘薯淀粉进行复合变性,通过一步和二步改性法制备交联酯化改性甘薯淀粉。比较了一步和二步改性法对交联酯化甘薯淀粉性质的影响。一步法指甘薯淀粉交联后调整酯化的条件,省去水洗、中和与干燥操作工序连续进行酯化;二步法为将制备的交联淀粉粉碎干燥后作为酯化变性反应的原淀粉。以峰值粘度和稳定性为指标测定。结果表明:一步法改性的交联酯化甘薯淀粉具有更好的峰值粘度和稳定性;二步法改性的交联酯化甘薯淀粉具有更好的抗凝沉性,溶解度和膨胀度略高于一步法,抗冻融性更好,但与一步法差别不显著。 相似文献
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将原料木薯淀粉(40%淀粉乳,w/w)依次通过三偏磷酸钠交联、非晶颗粒态结构转变,醋酸酐酯化三步合成法制备非晶颗粒态交联木薯淀粉醋酸酯。利用正交实验确定最佳工艺条件。三偏磷酸钠交联木薯淀粉最佳水平组合为:三偏磷酸钠用量为0.5%,反应时间60min,反应温度50℃,pH11;非晶颗粒态转变条件为85℃溶胀5s,淀粉颗粒的偏光十字消失;酯化反应最佳水平组合为醋酸酐用量6%,反应时间90min,温度20℃,pH8。三步合成法制备的非晶颗粒态交联木薯淀粉醋酸酯具有更加突出的抗老化、抗酸性、抗剪切力,在高温和降温处理中能保持适中的粘度和良好的粘度稳定性、易于糊化,具有良好的开发应用前景。 相似文献
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为了提高交联淀粉的生产效率,以木薯淀粉为原料,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂,采用机械活化辅助干法制备了交联木薯淀粉。以沉降积为评价指标,考察了三偏磷酸钠用量、氢氧化钠用量、反应温度、反应时间、球磨介质堆体积、转速对交联反应的影响。在单因素实验基础上,采用正交试验优化了工艺条件,并对交联木薯淀粉的理化特性和结构进行了表征与分析。结果表明,干法制备交联木薯淀粉的最佳工艺条件为:三偏磷酸钠用量4%,氢氧化钠用量2.5%,反应温度40℃,反应时间60 min,转速380 r·min-1,球磨介质堆体积500 mL,在此条件下制备的交联木薯淀粉沉降积为1.52 mL;FTIR、XRD、SEM进一步证实木薯淀粉发生了交联反应。随着木薯淀粉交联度的增大,木薯交联淀粉较原淀粉透光率、膨胀度、溶解度下降,凝沉性增强,更适应食品工业的发展。 相似文献
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本文探讨了催化剂的种类、次氯酸钠的用量和反应时间对芭蕉芋淀粉氧化反应的影响.结果表明:氧化淀粉中的羧基随次氯酸钠的用量和反应时间的增加而增加,但粘度不断下降.有效氯为2%时,淀粉中羰基含量最高.使用催化剂A可制备羧基和羰基含量都较大的氧化淀粉,使用KI则可制备羧基少而羰基含量高的氧化淀粉. 相似文献
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以马铃薯淀粉为原料,三偏磷酸钠(STMP)和三聚磷酸钠(STPP)以质量比99:1的比例混合作为交联剂,制备交联马铃薯淀粉。以结合磷含量为指标,交联剂用量、反应pH值、反应温度和反应时间为因素,运用响应面法进行优化,确定最优工艺条件为交联剂用量为淀粉干质量的16%、反应时间4.5h、反应pH11.5、反应温度55℃;在最优工艺条件的基础上,通过改变交联剂用量制备一系列不同结合磷含量的交联淀粉并研究它们的体外消化性质。结果表明,随着交联马铃薯淀粉结合磷含量的增加,其所含的抗性淀粉也随之增加。 相似文献
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C. Primo-Martín 《Food Hydrocolloids》2012,28(1):53-58
Wheat starches with different degrees of cross-linking were used to study the effect of starch gelatinization in the batter and crust characteristics of deep-fried battered food. Pasting properties, viscosity and batter pick up as well as moisture and oil content and crispness of the fried crusts were evaluated. In batters prepared with a constant solids/water ratio, the cross-linked starches increased batter viscosity and consequently the batter pick up. Batters, with comparable viscosity were prepared by varying the solid/water ratio which gave the same batter pick up.The pasting properties of cross-linked starches showed that the higher the cross-linking the more resistant was the starch to gelatinization and granule disintegration. In batters with a constant solids/water ratio, batter with high cross-linked starch had more water loss during frying. Cross-linked starches had lower moisture content after storage and less oil was retained after frying. Crispness, measured instrumentally as sound intensity, was the highest for the high cross-linked starch at 1 and 20 min after frying.Batters prepared with the same viscosity were used to study the effect of cross-linked starches when the pick up was the same. To obtain comparable viscosities between the batters, the batter with native starch was prepared using the lowest mixing water content and the one with high cross-linked starch with the highest. The batter with the high cross-linked starch, although it had the highest addition of water, had the best crispness after frying.In conclusion, high cross-linking of wheat starch enhances crispness perception of deep-fried battered food. 相似文献
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微波湿法氧化淀粉的制备及其性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在微波辐射条件下,以玉米淀粉、双氧水为主要原料制备氧化淀粉,研究不同处理时间淀粉结构和性能的变化。结果表明:微波辐射加快了氧化反应的进行,其作用时间对淀粉的结构有很大的影响。随着微波处理时间的增加,淀粉羧基含量逐渐增大,淀粉糊化液的黏度显著下降,淀粉糊化各阶段的温度逐渐升高,但糊化温度范围变窄。此外,经微波处理的氧化淀粉具有高溶解度、低膨胀度的特点。 相似文献
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食用型化学变性淀粉性质研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
该文综述常见化学变性如乙酰化、羟丙基化和交联处理对淀粉物理化学、形态学、热力学等性质影响;且探讨影响淀粉变性效率因素,如淀粉种类、颗粒结构、变性试剂类型和用量等,通过选择合适变性试剂和淀粉原料可生产出具有良好应用效果食品用变性淀粉。 相似文献
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以油莎豆淀粉为原料,三偏磷酸钠(sodium trimetaphosphate,STMP)为交联剂,研究不同STMP添加量(0.5%~2.0%)对油莎豆淀粉持水性、持油性、溶解度、膨润力、体外消化性、黏度特性和傅里叶红外光谱(fourier transformed infrared,FT-IR)等理化特性与结构形态的影响。结果表明:交联反应后淀粉样品的持水性由89.04%上升至97.86%,持油性由73.75%降低至69.99%,淀粉糊的稳定性提高,抗性淀粉含量由13.85%上升至64.33%,溶解度、膨润力及透明度降低,傅里叶红外光谱间接证实了交联反应的发生。扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)显示交联反应导致淀粉颗粒边缘变得模糊。交联淀粉与原淀粉的性质差异较大,通过交联反应后可拓宽油莎豆淀粉在食品工业中的应用范围。 相似文献
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Substituent distribution within cross-linked and hydroxypropylated sweet potato starch and potato starch 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jianwei Zhao Henk A. Schols Zhenghong Chen Zhengyu Jin Piet Buwalda Harry Gruppen 《Food chemistry》2012
Revealing the substituents distribution within starch can help to understand the changes of starch properties after modification. The distribution of substituents over cross-linked and hydroxypropylated sweet potato starch was investigated and compared with modified potato starch. The starches were cross-linked with sodium trimetaphosphate and/or hydroxypropylated with propylene oxide. The native and modified starches were gelatinized and hydrolysed by pullulanase, β-amylase, α-amylase and a combination of pullulanase, α-amylase and amyloglucosidase. The hydrolysates were analysed by HPSEC, HPAEC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Cross-linking had only a slight effect on the enzymatic hydrolysis, where hydroxypropylation evidently limited the enzymatic hydrolysis. The results obtained suggest that the hydroxypropyl substituents are not distributed regularly over the starch chains. Although the average substitution was around 2 hydroxypropyl groups per 10 glucose units, in the enzyme digests of hydroxypropylated starches, oligomer fragments of 10–15 glucose units, carrying 5–8 hydroxypropyl groups, were identified. It is hypothesised that higher levels of substituents are present in the amorphous regions and periphery of clusters of starch granules. This is the first time that the location of hydroxypropyl groups within sweet potato starch has been examined in this detail. Despite significant differences in granule architecture between starches from potato and sweet potato, similar patterns of hydroxypropylation have been found. 相似文献
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以玉米淀粉为原料,乙酸酐为反应试剂,NaCl为反应介质,采用超高压辅助制备醋酸酯淀粉,利用光学显微、X-射线衍射、快速黏度分析技术对醋酸酯淀粉结构性质进行分析。研究表明,颗粒态醋酸酯淀粉结晶类型与原淀粉相同,当处理压力为600 MPa时淀粉糊化,颗粒结构被破坏,A型结晶向V型结晶转换,但糊化并不利于醋酸酯淀粉取代度的增加。适量NaCl的添加有利于超高压处理时淀粉颗粒态的维持,因而有效提高了醋酸酯淀粉的取代度。当NaCl溶液浓度为1.0%、乙酸酐添加量为2.0%、压力为400MPa时,所制备的醋酸酯淀粉取代度达到最大值(0.090),且表现出较高的峰值黏度(400.00cP)。 相似文献