基于准分子激光的微结构与微器件加工制作研究

介绍了准分子激光微加工的机理,设计并研制了步进控制的二维微动扫描台,建立了一种基于准分子激光的微加工装置,通过计算机控制扫描路径,可实现点、线、面等基本微结构以及组合型微结构、微器件的加工制作。利用该准分子激光微加工装置,进行了微结构和微器件的加工实验,成功加工制作出齿轮形微结构和微型无芯薄膜变压器件。准分子激光微加工装置具有加工效率高、加工切口平整、可实现各种形状的微结构与微器件的加工等特点,可望在微机电系统（MEMS）及微纳米技术领域得到广泛应用。     

An integrated experimental approach to link a laser digitiser, a CAD/CAM system and a rapid prototyping system for biomedical applications

This study is carried out to develop a direct link between a laser digitiser and a rapid prototyping system for biomedical applications. Two CAD/CAM systems, DUCT and Pro-Engineer, are investigated and the DUCT system is found to be more suitable for this purpose. A laser digitiser is used to capture three-dimensional surface data for the object. With the aid of the CAD/CAM system, the data can be manipulated in a number of ways for display, modification and enhancement. In addition, the object scanned by the laser digitiser can be physically produced relatively quickly and accurately using StereoLithography Apparatus (SLA), a leading rapid prototyping system. Feasible and practical solutions to the problems encountered in the CAD surface model construction are proposed and illustrated. Two case studies, a facial and a breast model, are presented. Results show that this integrated approach can be applied effectively in the biomedical field.     

基于双机器人快速原型制造系统的CAD/CAM接口技术研究

用ＪＡＶＡ语言进行了基于机器人快速的型制造系统的ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ接口技术研究,详细分析了在该系统中的二维图形数据提取与整技术,并说明了它的实用意义。     

An on-machine error calibration method for a laser micromachining tool

In this paper, an on-machine error calibration method, covering error modeling and measurement, is proposed to evaluate and compensate the errors caused by the mechanical and optical system equipped in the micromachining center using the femtosecond laser. Through preliminary tests by dicing silicon wafer, it has revealed that the squareness, laser beam misalign and focal position offset, are the main causes to result in the inaccuracy of micromachining. Consequently, an error modeling method is proposed to evaluate the error distribution in the workspace, and hereafter a comprehensive error vector of the laser beam, combining the squareness errors of Z-axis with the laser beam misalign, is generated by the variable substitution method. Subsequently, an increment error model in the instant local coordinates is established to satisfy the requirement of the programming method commonly used in the laser machine tools. Furthermore, a series of holes and grooves are machined on the femtosecond laser micromachining center to validate the proposed approach and model. The machining dimensions including diameters, distances and angles, are measured on-machine to identify the squareness errors, laser beam misalign and focal position offset according to the proposed error model. Finally, the experimental results show that, comparing to the uncompensated tests, the machining accuracy has been significantly improved with the proposed method.     

A CAD/CAM system for die design and manufacture

The manufacture of directionally solidified cast turbine blades relies on the precise casting of wax patterns of the actual turbine blade. This, in turn, requires the design and manufacture of a complex die. A CAD/CAM system is presented specifically for producing manufacturing information for dies based on basic data defining the shape of a turbine blade. The system is based around a UNIX graphics workstation which forms part of a CIM system being developed as part of an SERC Teaching Company based at Rolls-Royce plc, Derby.     

基于知识的玻璃容器CAD/CAM系统

介绍了一个基于知识的玻璃容器 CAD/ CAM系统的组成与功能、使用的有关知识、知识表示与应用以及结构设计方法等问题。系统以智能技术为核心 ,完成容器结构设计与工艺规划 ,最后输出 NC加工代码。     

A new CAD/CAM/CAE integration approach to predicting tool deflection of end mills

Focusing on a low price segment is usually not an option for production companies in high-wage countries. In order to stay competitive, companies have to match individual products with prices close to those of mass products. A proven instrument in reducing costs in manufacturing processes is modularization. In the die casting industry, many manufacturers already have company specific methods of modularization in their construction departments. The dies are strongly influenced by the style of the design engineers. A holistic design methodology is not yet established. To improve this current situation, a methodology for the layout of modular dies has been developed. The methodology consists of three main phases where the focus is narrowed down from company via die to component perspective. This methodology will assist the design engineers throughout the development of new dies, helping to choose an appropriate set of modules based on technical as well as economic criteria.     

A dimensioning and tolerancing assistance model for CAD/CAM systems

A model called TTRS for technologically and topologically related surfaces, has been developed and its application to dimensioning and tolerancing is presented here. According to this model, any part can be represented as a succession of binary surfaces associations forming a tree. Additionally, each surfaces association, termed as a TTRS object, is represented by a set of minimum geometric datum elements (MGDE). Once established, each TTRS can be given appropriate geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD & T) symbols through a general procedure making use of GD & T tables and combination rules. Application examples are also presented.     

CAD/CAM技术与鞋楦CAM系统

本文叙述了CAD/CAM技术发展概况,并以刻楦机为例,介绍了CAD/CAM的技术实施途径。     

基于Web的数控磨床CAD/CAPP/CAM技术

利用ASP技术,在网页中调用自制组建,实现对数控磨床的网络协同设计,在网上在线生成数控磨床的三维模型(CAD),并在网上在线实现数控磨床的工艺设计(CAPP)及在线加工仿真。充分利用异地分布的设计资源,在有效的协同工作机制和支撑平台工具下,统一信息管理,共同完成数控磨床的设计开发。     

齿轮倒角刀的CAD/CAM

针对齿轮倒角刀传统设计和刃磨方法的不足 ,指出了应用CAD/CAM的必要性。研究了倒角刀关键参数的确定及设计方法。介绍了应用图形设计软件及数控电火花线切割编程软件对刀具进行廓形设计加工的方法     

基于顶点的冲裁零件排样系统

分析了冲裁件排样优化存在的问题 ,统一了材料利用率计算公式 ,提出基于顶点的一步平移优化算法。该算法可以有效减少计算量 ,较好地处理冲裁件图形圆弧、曲线线性化问题 ,有利于建立一个完整的冲裁件 CAD/CAM系统     

麻花钻CAD/CAM系统

介绍了在微机上开发的麻花钻CAD/CAM系统的总体结构及各功能模块 ,探讨了产生式原理在工艺设计中的应用。     

COM 技术在 CAD/CAM 集成中的应用

ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ集成是ＣＩＭＳ／ＣＥ关键技术之一，一般是通过系统之间外部数据交换达到数据共享和系统集成的目的。本文介绍最近兴起的部件对象模型技术建立集成平台的方法。通过开发直接读写ＣＡＤ的图形及参数数据、ＣＡＰＰ的特征信息、精度信息和工艺流程信息，以及直接操纵ＣＡＭ刀具定位文件的控件，用户运用这些控件可以用通用的语言开发出自己的集成平台。     

以特征造型为基础的CAD／CAM系统

介绍了一种基于铣削特征为基础的CAPP系统。用户可在特征库的支持不对所要加工的零件进行特征造型,形成零件的描述文件;系统根据描述的特征信息自动生成加工工艺和数控加工程序,并可利用仿真模块对生成的数控加工程序进行仿真检验,若发现数控加工程序有误,可及时方便地进行修改。     

显像管屏幕铜模CAD/CAM

介绍了某企业显像管屏幕铜模的数控加工工艺设计及CAD/CAM技术与数控加工仿真,首先利用已生成的TXT格式的数据组,通过MasterCam和UG三维混合建模,在MasterCam中设置加工参数实现自动编程,最后根据已生成的NC程序,展现了VNUC 4.0环境下进行数控加工仿真的过程。     

面向CSCW的CAD/CAM系统设计

协同设计是实现并行工程的关键,ＣＳＣＷ为协同设计的实现提供了有力的环境和技术支持。分析了ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统实现协同设计的方法和步骤,提出了一个ＣＳＣＷ环境下的基于代理的ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统模型,并对模型中协同设计环境的构造、各代理结构的设计以及分布协同设计环境下产品模型的处理作了分析。     

面向CAD/CAPP/CAM的特征识别技术

针对当前CAX系统间难以实现产品信息交换和共享的问题,提出基于标准格式文件的加工特征识别方法。利用CAD软件的STEP AP203数据转换接口,获得CAD模型的几何拓扑信息;从零件的B-rep表达中提取加工特征,并将特征及几何拓扑信息写入AP224格式的中性文件,作为CAPP和CAM的标准数据接口;利用Visual C 编程语言和STEP开发工具包ST-Developer进行了特征识别软件的开发,并给出实例以验证方法的有效性。