一种抗静电氨纶的制备

采用内置抗静电法,在生产氨纶的聚氨酯聚合物溶液中加入阴离子型抗静电剂——琥珀酸双酯磺酸钠,制备出了一种抗静电氨纶。研究证明:本试验制备的抗静电氨纶较传统外置抗静电氨纶具有更加良好的抗静电性。     

用GPC研究聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的分子量及分子量分布

用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)研究了溶液自由基聚合法合成聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSSNa)过程中引发剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对聚苯乙烯磺酸钠分子量及分子量分布的影响。结果表明,在引发剂用量为0.6%,反应温度60℃,反应时间10 h条件下可获得低分子量窄分布聚苯乙烯磺酸钠。     

永久性抗静电剂

永久性抗静电剂多为亲水性聚合物，它可以赋予疏水聚合物永久性抗静电性能，而基本不影响其它性质。本文综述了永久性抗静电剂的分类、抗静电机理和应用情况。     

抗静电剂

抗静电聚苯乙烯组成物,抗静电聚碳酸醋组成物的研制,聚烯烃用抗静电剂,抗静电聚碳酸酯组成物的研制.     

汽巴公司推出新型抗静电剂

据“EuropeanPlasticsNews,1999,2 6 ( 2 ) :30”报道 ,瑞士汽巴 (Ciba)公司最近推出聚烯烃、聚苯乙烯系列、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯用新型抗静电剂IrgastatP2 2 ,是以聚酰胺 (PA)共聚物为基料的复配物 ,与传统抗静电剂甘油单硬脂酸酯和高级脂肪酸环氧乙烷加合物比有许多优点。新型抗静电剂特点为具有持久抗静电性 ,而且加入树脂后马上就起作用 ,本身有释放静电作用 ,即使在相对湿度小于 10 %下仍能有效抗静电 ,另外 ,IrgastatP2 2属非迁移性抗静电剂 ,不会使聚合物表面性能变坏。目前供应的产品为无灰粒料 ,添加用量为 4 %～ 10 % ,可以直接…     

聚苯乙烯磺酸钠对抗静电PET树脂的性能影响

研究了聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSSNa)对抗静电聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)树脂的性能的影响.通过电阻率测试、热失重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)等测试方法考察了PSSNa对抗静电PET树脂的抗静电性能、热稳定性及结晶行为的影响.研究发现,在抗静电PET树脂中加入PSSNa,提高了抗静电PET树脂的热稳定性及结晶温度,并且进一步降低了抗静电PET树脂的电阻率.     

汽巴公司推出新型抗静电剂

瑞士汽巴 (Ciba)公司最近推出聚烯烃、聚苯乙烯系列、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯用新型抗静电剂 Lrgastatp2 2 ,这是以聚酰胺 (PA)共聚物为基料的复配物 ,与传统抗静电剂甘油单硬脂酸酯和高级脂肪酸环氧乙烷加合物相比有许多优点。　　新型抗静电剂特点为抗静电性持久 ,而且加入树脂马上就起作用 ,本身有释放静电作用 ,即使在相对湿度小于 1 0 %下仍能有效抗静电 ,另外 ,Irastat P2 2属大量迁移性抗静电剂 ,不会使聚合物表面性能变坏。目前供应的产品为无灰粒料 ,添加用量为 4%～1 0 % ,可以直接与塑料混合 ,也可通过母料或掺混料方式加入。　　据…     

聚合物抗静电材料的研究与发展

论述了聚合物抗静电材料的研究现状,着重介绍在聚合物材料中添加表面活性剂或高分子型永久抗静电剂,以及在基体聚合物中填充无机导电填料或结构型导电聚合物的技术进展,并指出了聚合物抗静电材料的发展方向。     

浅色高纯聚苯乙烯磺酸钙阳离子交换树脂的制备

聚苯乙烯磺酸钙阳离子交换树脂是新型的降血钾树脂。在制备浅色高纯聚苯乙烯磺酸钠阳离子交换树脂技术路线基础上,用浅色高纯聚苯乙烯磺酸钠阳离子交换树脂为原料,与钙交换剂交换得到药用聚苯乙烯磺酸钙阳离子交换树脂。     

聚合物基抗静电剂及其制备方法

由华南理工大学申请的专利（专利号CN100340627,公开日期2005-09—21）“聚合物基抗静电剂及其制备方法”,涉及的聚合物基抗静电剂配方为：带极性基团的聚合物50～90,金属溶胶10-50。制备时先将带极性基团的聚合物与金属溶胶溶于溶剂中,在搅拌条件下回流24～48h,使两者发生配合反应,再在真空条件下将溶剂除去,所得产物用水洗净、干燥,即制得聚合物基抗静电剂。本发明工艺简单且容易控制,材料性能可以调节,抗静电剂用量较小（10份以内）即可使材料获得优良的抗静电性能,     

Facile synthesis of hollow microspheres of polyaniline using poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) as dopant

In a conventional chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) aqueous solution, hollow microspheres of polyaniline were easily prepared, instead of common particles. The morphology of the hollow microspheres was studied and confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The molecular structure, room temperature conductivities and thermal stability of the resulting polyaniline were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the standard DC four‐probe method, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis. The influence of poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) and aniline on the morphology and physical properties of the resulting polymer were investigated. The results showed that the proper ratio of poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) and aniline was a critical factor in the synthesis of hollow microspheres, which may be related to the chemical structure of poly(sodium 4‐styrenesulfonate) as polyanion and of polyaniline as polycation and the electrostatic interaction between them in the doping process. A possible formation mechanism is proposed in this work. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

脂肪酸酯类抗静电剂的合成及应用研究

以棕榈酸和回收的聚乙二醇为原料,采用酯化法合成了一种脂肪酸酯类抗静电剂,研究了醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度对酯化反应的影响。结果表明,在醇酸摩尔比为1.5:1,催化剂用量为0.8 %,反应时间为5 h,反应温度为140 ℃的条件下,所得产物的综合性能最好。将制备的脂肪酸酯应用于聚乙烯中作为抗静电剂,讨论了其含量、试样放置时间、环境温度对聚乙烯抗静电性能的影响,发现随着脂肪酸酯含量的增加、放置时间的延长和环境温度的升高,抗静电效果提高,当脂肪酸酯含量为3份时,抗静电效果最佳。     

Preparation and properties of poly(ether‐ester‐amide)/poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene) antistatic blends

A novel antistatic agent poly(ether‐ester‐amide) (PEEA) based on caprolactam, polyethylene glycol, and 6‐aminocaproic acid was successfully synthesized by melting polycondensation. The structure, thermal properties, and antistatic ability of the copolymer were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analyses, and ZC36 megohmmeter. Test results show that PEEA is a block copolymer with a melting point of 217°C and a thermal decomposition temperature of 409°C, together with a surface resistivity of 10⁸ Ω/sq. Antistatic poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene‐co‐styrene) (ABS) materials were prepared by blending different content of PEEA to ABS resin. The antistatic performances, morphology, and mechanical properties were investigated. It is indicated that the surface resistivity of PEEA/ABS blends decrease with the increasing PEEA content, and the excellent antistatic performance is obtained when the antistatic agent is up to 10–15%. The antistatic performance is hardly influenced by water‐washing and relative humidity, and a permanent antistatic performance is available. The antistatic mechanism is investigated. The compatibility of the blends was studied by scanning electron microscopy images. The ladder distribution of antistatic agent is formed, and a rich phase of antistatic agent can be found in the surface layer. The elongations at break of the blend are improved with the increasing antistatic agent; the tensile strength and the notched impact strength kept almost the same. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.     

含锌聚醚酯酰胺高分子抗静电剂的合成与结构研究

通过三步反应,合成了一种由氧化锌、脂肪族二羧酸、聚乙二醇和己内酰胺制成的被称为含锌聚醚酯酰胺的高分子抗静电剂。研究了反应时间和温度对酯化反应的酸值和酯化率的影响,用红外光谱和X-射线衍射分析了含锌聚醚酯酰胺和其中间体的结构。结果表明:二羧酸锌与聚乙二醇的酯化反应体系的酸值随时间延长而减小,酯化率随时间延长而增大;反应3h后,酸值和酯化率变化减缓。红外光谱和X-射线衍射分析可知,研究成功合成了各阶段的产物;含锌聚醚酯酰胺中,含锌聚醚酯与聚己内酰胺分别结晶,脂肪酸的亚甲基数目增大,含锌聚醚酯酰胺的结晶性增强。     

聚丙烯酸类超强吸水剂的合成与性能研究

以丙烯酸烯丙酯作为交联剂、丙烯酸(AA)为单体、过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,采用溶液聚合法合成了一种聚丙烯酸类超强吸水剂。研究了合成条件对吸水性能的影响:当ρ(丙烯酸烯丙酯)=0 594g/L,ρ(KPS)=0 178g/L,单体中和度x(丙烯酸钠)=90%,c(丙烯酸钠)=4 17mol/L,聚合温度为60℃时,制得的聚合物每克吸去离子水最高达到1360mL,吸盐水(生理盐水)162mL。所得的聚合物具有良好的吸水可逆性,30min的吸水量可以达到饱和吸水量的90%。制得聚合物的热重分析表明,未吸水的该聚合物在350℃开始分解。聚合物吸水前后XRD测试结果显示:吸水前聚合物结构基本无规整性,吸水后膨胀使主链展开,结构趋于规整。     

抗静电PTT及其纤维的研制

采用精对苯二甲酸(PTA)、1,3-丙二醇(PDO)及抗静电剂直接酯化法合成具有抗静电性能的聚对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二醇酯(PTT)。对合成的PTT切片固相增粘后进行高速纺丝制得165 dtex/36 f抗静电PTTDTY。结果表明:在聚合反应完成前20 min加入抗静电剂,抗静电剂质量分数控制在1.5%～2.5%,聚合得到的切片经过真空固相增粘至其特性粘数达0.950 dL/g,可得到可纺性好、抗静电性好的PTT。制得的PTTDTY纤维手感好,织物表面电阻率达到10~9～10~(10)Ω。     

Morphology and structure of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) crystallized from dilute organic solution

The high-temperature crystallization of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) from dilute organic solutions was achieved through the introduction of a non-solvent, or precipitating agent, at the desired crystallization temperature. The morphology and crystal structure were examined for crystals produced from PPTA polymer with two different molecular weights (M_w = 46000 and 3430 g mol⁻¹), using transmission electron microscopy. For the high-molecular-weight polymer, ribbon-like crystals were produced, while the low-molecular-weight polymer yielded small needles or platelets. In both cases, electron diffraction showed that the Northolt allomorph was obtained. For the high-molecular-weight polymer, the molecular axes were parallel to the ribbon axes in a chain-extended type structure. A hypothesis for the orientation of the low-molecular-weight PPTA in the small platelets, is also given.     

低分子量聚N-乙烯基甲酰胺-co-乙烯胺的合成

以N-乙烯基甲酰胺为单体,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和乙酸乙酯为混合溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,十二硫醇为链转移剂,通过沉淀聚合法制备了低分子量的聚N-乙烯基甲酰胺。详细研究了单体质量分数、混合溶剂配比、引发剂用量、链转移剂用量、反应温度及反应时间对聚合反应的影响。在最佳聚合条件下,聚合物收率可达93.1%、聚合物的数均分子量(Mn)为2 975.2,PDI=2.64,且聚合残液可循环利用。然后将所得聚合物在酸性条件下水解,制备了不同胺化度的聚N-乙烯基甲酰胺-co-乙烯胺,产品的数均分子量为1 000~1 400,PDI为1.34~1.40。     

Surface modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) film by coating with poly(ethylene glycol)‐grafted polystyrene

The poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐grafted styrene (St) copolymer, which was formed as a nanosphere, was used as an agent to modify the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film. The graft copolymer was dissolved into chloroform and coated onto the PET film by dip–coating method. The coated amount depends on the content ratios of PEG and St, the solution concentration, and the coating cycles. The graft copolymers having a low molecular weight of PEG‐ or St‐rich content was fairly stable on washing in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) aqueous solution. It was confirmed that the PET surface easily altered its surface property by the coating of the graft copolymers. The contact angles of the films coated with the graft copolymers were very high (ca. 105–120°). The coated film has good antistatic electric property, which agreed with PEG content. The best condition of coating is a one‐cycle coating of 1% (w/v) graft copolymer solution. The coated surface had water‐repellency and antistatic electric property at the same time. The graft copolymer consisted of a PEG macromonomer; St was successfully coated onto PET surfaces, and the desirable properties of both of PEG macromonomer and PSt were exhibited as a novel function of the coated PE film. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 1524–1530, 1999     

Synthesis,characterization, and application of the sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) produced from waste polystyrene cups as an admixture in concrete

Wasted polystyrene (PS) plastic cups were used in the synthesis of sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (NaPSS). The produced polyelectrolyte was water‐soluble. The viscosimetric molecular weight was 126,146 g mol^?1. The sulfonation of the polymer was estimated through FTIR spectroscopy and chemical analysis of the number of sulfonic groups. The presence of bands at 1326 and 1188 cm^?1 in the infrared spectra was characteristic for sulfonic groups. The polymer was obtained with 60.3% of sulfonation. An aqueous solution of NaPSS was used as an admixture in concrete of portland cement. The results showed that the slump increasing of the concrete was up to 300% with 0.3% content of NaPSS per weight of cement. It was possible to reduce the water content of the concrete in 13.2% using NaPSS solution as an admixture. The compressive strength gain was 23.9% after 28 days of curing. The results indicated that NaPSS, produced from waste PS cups, can be satisfactorily used either as a plasticizer or as an admixture for water reduction in concrete. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1534–1538, 2005