降雨入渗条件下分层非饱和土质边坡随机反分析

基于时变数据参数随机反分析理论,采用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗方法(Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation,MCMC法),建立了分层边坡非饱和渗流随机反分析模型.以香港东涌某天然坡地降雨入渗现场试验为案例,建立单层土和双层土非饱和渗流模型,利用DREAM算法对时变降雨条件下非饱和土渗流模型参数进行随机反演,研究了单层土和双层土模型参数后验分布和预测效果.结果表明,参数后验分布变异性较先验分布减小,与单层土模型相比,双层土模型能缩减更多的参数不确定性,校准期内置信区间更窄,验证期内预测与实测值吻合程度较高.     

降雨条件下不同土质非饱和路基边坡响应特性

通过对我国西部2种典型非饱和路基边坡实施现场人工降雨的监测结果表明,随着各次降雨的依次进行,非饱和路基边坡初始含水量逐渐增大,入渗率逐渐减小;非饱和黄土路基边坡的初始含水量状态对应着一个临界降雨量,只有降雨量超过该临界值,边坡才有可能产生径流。降雨强度越大,从降雨开始到径流产生所需的间隔时间越短;非饱和黄土路基边坡的吸力值远大于非饱和土石混合土路基边坡。在试验条件下,压实黄土路基边坡的降雨入渗影响深度在0.3~0.6 m之间,而土石混合土路基边坡降雨入渗影响深度在2.4 m以上。     

降雨入渗条件下非饱和土边坡稳定性研究进展

降雨,特别是强度大、历时长的暴雨,是引起边坡失稳破坏的主要因素。降雨期间,雨水的大量入渗使边坡土体的饱和度增加,非饱和区基质吸力降低,土体抗剪强度下降。当降雨的强度和持续时间超过一定程度时,便可能导致边坡失稳。在讨论非饱和土强度理论和渗流理论的基础上,探讨了近年来关于非饱和土边坡稳定性研究的进展。     

降雨条件下土质边坡的稳定性分析

结合工程实例,运用非饱和渗流理论,研究了降雨条件下边坡土体内地下水位变化和孔隙水压力的分布规律,采用强度折减法对非饱和渗流影响下边坡的稳定性进行了分析。结果表明,随着降雨时间的持续,降雨强度越大,滑坡坡面的浸润线变化越明显。降雨入渗使地下水位抬高,从而孔隙水压力升高,在地下水位以上区域出现暂态饱和区,相应出现暂态孔隙水压力升高和非饱和区基质吸力下降的情况,使得边坡稳定性降低。不考虑基质吸力的影响时,降雨强度从94.7 mm/24 h升至94.7 mm/2 h,边坡的安全系数从1.100降到1.002;考虑基质吸力的影响时,降雨强度从94.7 mm/24 h升至94.7 mm/2 h,边坡的安全系数从1.205降到1.005。     

降雨条件下边坡渗流及稳定性数值模拟分析

为了研究苏北某高速公路旁边坡在降雨条件下的渗流和稳定性,通过Geo-studio软件的seep/w和slope模块,对边坡进行了不同工况(特大暴雨、暴雨、大雨、小雨)条件下的数值模拟,研究不同降雨强度、不同时间下孔隙水压力及安全系数的变化规律.结果表明:孔隙水压力随着降雨时间的增长呈上升趋势,安全系数呈下降趋势;降雨强度越大,孔隙水压力增大的越快,较易饱和形成表面径流;安全系数在降雨前中期降低较快,后期趋于平缓.     

降雨条件下非饱和土边坡渗流-应力耦合分析

以广西兴业县某滑坡为研究对象,利用Geo-Studio软件对非饱和土边坡渗流场、应力场、变形场进行直接耦合数值模拟分析,进而总结出了非饱和土边坡稳定性及滑移面的演化规律.结果表明:边坡浅层土体对降雨响应剧烈,孔隙水压力、体积含水量与降雨强度呈正相关性,基质吸力、有效应力锐减,引起抗剪强度下降,不利于边坡稳定;浅层土体受...     

降雨入渗对非饱和土边坡稳定性的影响

研究降雨入渗对边坡稳定性的影响规律。采用有限元法进行非饱和土边坡的二维非稳态渗流计算,考虑基质吸作用利用极限平衡法进行非饱和土边坡稳定安全系数计算,进而通过算例计算,分析了降雨过程中及降雨之后,边坡内孔隙水压分布、潜在滑裂面位置以及边坡稳定安全系数的变化情况。着重分析了降雨强度和降雨持续时间的影响,并特别注意分析降雨结束后的边坡稳定性。算例表明某些情况下边坡安全系数最小值出现在降雨之后的数小时或数天,而非降雨的过程中或降雨刚刚结束之时。     

冻融循环下非饱和膨胀土一维土柱模型试验研究

通过一维土柱模型对非饱和膨胀土进行冻融循环试验,分析了冻融循环过程中不同深度处温湿度、土压力、孔隙水压力和竖向位移的变化规律.试验结果表明:(1)土体在冻结过程中温度可分为过冷、跳跃、恒定、递降和稳定5个不同的变化阶段,存在明显跳跃点和冻结点,而升温过程并无明显的过热或突变现象出现.(2)冻结过程中,未冻水含量随温度下...     

岩土体内降雨非饱和入渗问题研究

讨论了降雨非饱和入渗机理、计算分析及其工程应用方面所取得的成就和存在的问题。其中包括了降雨入渗机理模型、土-水特征曲线、降雨非饱和数值计算等方面的研究。另外就降雨入渗诱发滑坡问题的应用进行了简单的探讨,并指出了目前应用中存在的问题和新的研究方向。研究结果表明,进一步发展降雨非饱和入渗理论研究及其计算方法对完善非饱和入渗理论和解决由降雨入渗引起的地质灾害工程问题有着重要的意义。     

基于连续-非连续元降雨工况三维边坡稳定性分析

基于连续-非连续单元方法,引入应力场和渗流场数值耦合算法。根据兰营地区边坡地质条件建立高精度三维地质灾害模型,考虑不同降雨工况,对边坡稳定性进行分析,并与监测数据展开对比验证模型可靠性。研究表明,该边坡天然工况下安全系数为1.79,短时强降雨工况下边坡安全系数约为1.20,边坡破裂度为10.36%。经稳定性评价,该边坡在天然工况下处于基本稳定状态,在暴雨状态下处于欠稳定状态,存在一定失稳危险。     

强降雨作用下浅层滑坡尖点突变模型研究

采用非线性科学突变理论和数理统计方法分析了浅层滑坡坡体位移与降雨量、边坡稳定系数和坡体饱水面积比的关系，并结合工程实例建立了在强降雨作用下浅层滑坡的尖点突变模型，利用该模型分析了浅层滑坡突发失稳的破坏机理。研究结果表明，浅层滑坡坡体位移与降雨量的关系服从幂函数分布；边坡稳定系数与坡体饱水面积比的关系服从线性分布，边坡稳定系数随坡体饱水面积比的增大而减小；浅层滑坡一般是由强降雨触发的，强降雨是影响浅层滑坡稳定系数大小的最主要外部因素。建立的尖点突变模型揭示了浅层滑坡有时发生在强降雨过后的滞后原因。     

Research on stability of the accumulated rock-soil body of reservoir bank under rainfall condition

The shear strength parameters property of rock-soil aggregates in embankment slope of reservoir, that is, the relationship between cohesion and gravel content, between friction angle and gravel content, and the relationship between cohesion and water content, between friction angle and water content, is studied based on the direct shear test results, the shear strength change law of the rock-soil aggregates is given, and the unsaturated shear strength formulation of rock-soil aggregates that could consider suction and saturation degree influence is put forward in this paper, through which the sliding or failure physical mechanism of this type of slope under the condition of rainfall infiltration is studied. Also the 3D unsteady saturated-unsaturated seepage field and its FEM resolving mode are established based on the analysis of the slope rainfall infiltration process. Case study with this method indicates that the minimum safety factor of the accumulated rock-soil aggregates dose not arrive at the moment of rainfall cessation, but appears several hours after the rainfall cessation, this phenomenon is in accordance with the practical slope engineering’s failure process and could explain appropriately the slope failure caused by rainfall infiltration. Research results in this paper have an important reference value for the research on stability of the accumulated rock-soil aggregates in embankment slope of reservoir, and can enrich the stability analysis method and relevant theory of reservoir embankment slope. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50539010, 50539110, 50809025, 50539030-1-3), National Science and Technology Support Plan of China (Grant Nos. 2006BAC14B03, 2008BAB29B06, 2008BAB29B03), Opening Fund of Geotechnical Mechanic and Engineering Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Water Recourses of China (Grant No. G07-03), Science and Technology Support Project of China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Co. (Grant No. CHC-KJ-2007-02), Special Scientific Research Fund of Doctor Subjects of Colleges and Universities: Research on Diagnosis Method of Concrete Dam Crack Transferring     

降雨循环条件下高切坡稳定性演化过程及预测方法

为进一步揭示降雨循环条件下基岩型台阶状高切坡的降雨入渗及稳定性演化过程,以乐西高速马边至昭觉段某粉质黏土覆盖层基岩型台阶状高切坡为研究对象,通过室内干湿循环试验建立土体抗剪强度参数劣化数学模型;利用Geo-studio数值模拟软件研究多工况降雨循环下高切坡降雨入渗过程,揭示不同降雨循环工况下及雨后高切坡内部渗流场及稳定...     

Infiltration regulation and stability analysis of soil slope under sustained and small intensity rainfall

Rainfall infiltration depth and mode can severely influence slope stability.With the sustained rainfall,the influenced region of slope gradually expands.By using the Green-Ampt model to the soil slope,infiltration regulation was discussed under sustained and small intensity rainfall.And the infiltration rate of unsaturated soil was proposed according to the saturated infiltration theory.Because of the changing of initial moisture content in depth of slope,the saturated or unsaturated infiltration rate and depth could also be changeable with the sustained rainfall infiltration.Based on the principle of strength reduction,the calculation model of slope safety factor was established under different initial moisture contents and infiltration modes.Then,the slope stability was quantitatively analyzed through software FLAC3D.The calculation results of soil slope engineering show that there is a shorter period for slope stability under different initial moisture contents and unsaturated infiltration ways at the slope wetting front.The stability period of slope is 33.3％ according to different initial moisture contents of wetting front less than that of the same initial moisture content of wetting front.And the slope is easier to fail under the unsaturated infiltration.The results agree well with the actual situation under sustained and small intensity rainfall.     

下咱日堆积体非饱和渗流与稳定性评价

暴雨作用下边坡的稳定性问题一直是工程上非常关心的复杂系统问题.通过非饱和渗流理论和改进的Bishop法,考虑非饱和带基质吸力和暂态附加水荷载等作用,利用Geo-Slope公司系列软件进行耦合分析,对梨园水电站下咱日堆积体进行稳定性评价.结果表明:降雨开始时,地表点基质吸力迅速降低,基质吸力降低的起始时间明显滞后于降雨的起始时间;暴雨强度越大,相同降雨历时各关键点处位移量越大,直至堆积体内超孔隙水压力完全消散,各关键点位移才基本趋于稳定;随着降雨持续,堆积体安全系数不断降低,雨后2～3d安全系数才达到最小值,之后由于坡体内基质吸力回升、抗剪强度增加,从而堆积体安全系数又有所增大.     

考虑降雨入渗影响的边坡稳定分析方法探讨

分析了残积土、膨胀土等边坡在降雨入渗情况下土体抗剪强度降低的主要原因 ,探讨了现有的考虑雨水入渗影响的边坡稳定分析方法 .运用非饱和土强度理论 ,提出非饱和土等效凝聚力新概念 ,从而可方便地使用常用的Bishop法等极限平衡法进行考虑雨水入渗影响的边坡稳定分析计算