新一代太阳能集热板真空镀膜生产线系统的开发

本文介绍了新一代太阳能集热板真空镀膜生产线系统组成及其主要结构的特点。该系统制备的集热板选择性吸收涂层具有良好的光热性能、力学性能和耐候性能;提高集热板光热效率和涂层的使用寿命并实现了集热板集热涂层生产的环保化和连续化,对平板集热器的发展和应用具有极大的推动作用。     

太阳能烟囱强化自然通风的发展现状研究

综合介绍了太阳能烟囱强化自然通风的主要结构形式(Trombe墙式太阳能烟囱、竖直集热板屋顶式太阳能烟囱、倾斜集热板屋顶式太阳能烟囱)以及研究现状;在总结国内外学者主要研究成果的基础上,指出了目前太阳能强烟囱化自然通风研究应用中存在的问题及今后的研究方向。     

天津津霸设备厂研制的全铜建材型太阳能集热板通过鉴定

由天津津霸能源环保设备厂研制开发的全铜建材型太阳能集热板，日前通过国家发改委能源所、中国太阳能热利用协会、可再生能源协会等有关专家的科技成果鉴定。该项目技术先进，其集热板芯高频、连续焊接工艺为国内首创。     

真空磁控溅射法沉积平板集热器板芯选择性吸收涂层

主要介绍了采用真空磁控溅射技术在平板集热器板芯上沉积选择性吸收涂层,提高平板集热器的集热效率和使用的耐候性。该工艺可以实现集热板芯清洁环保连续真空镀膜工业化生产,对发展太阳能光热利用技术具有积极的推动作用。     

新型太阳能热管集热墙性能研究

建立了一种与建筑围护结构相结合的新型太阳能热管集热墙,该集热墙通过内置重力热管将太阳能由室外传给室内辐射板,并将辐射板作为室内采暖系统末端直接向室内散热。通过实验和数值研究表明,该系统集热效率较高,优化以后瞬时效率可达79.4%;当热管贴合面积与集热板或辐射板接触面积之比为18.4%时系统性能较高;通过旋转热管传热芯,夏季阻热性能较好。     

10m2新型槽式太阳能集热装置集热特性试验研究

本文介绍了新型槽式太阳能集热装置,着重对该集热装置集热性能进行了研究及分析,并对集热装置进行热性能试验,提出系统优化设计方案.结果表明该新型槽式太阳能集热装置具有较高的集热温度和较高的集热效率,闷晒工况下,集热介质温度可达190℃以上,循环工况下,53 kg集热介质温度最高可达115℃,瞬时集热效率最高可达36％.     

真空镀膜平板太阳能集热器的应用前景

主要介绍了平板集热器的结构、特点以及平板集热器板芯选择性吸收涂层的几种制备方法,真空磁控溅射制备选择性吸收涂层,提高光热效率和涂层的使用寿命,具有膜层均匀、致密、生产环保等特点。适合于连续式工业化生产,作为建筑材料,实现太阳能利用与建筑一体化,是新一代太阳能集热产品。     

太阳能溶液除湿空调系统在工厂的应用分析

介绍了基于太阳能集热、溶液除湿和水蒸发冷却技术结合的太阳能溶液除湿空调的原理；提出了一种太阳能溶液除湿空调系统，并对该系统在工厂的应用进行了分析；认为太阳能溶液除湿空调有着独特的优点：环保、节能、可方便的储存能量，可应用于传统空调所不能胜任的工厂和车间，有着较大的经济效益和社会意义。     

家用多功能绿色烧烤机设计

为解决长期困扰人们在旅行中的食品安全问题以及挖掘人类社会生产、生活领域中随时可见的清洁能源,我们发明了此家用多功能绿色烧烤机。家用多功能绿色烧烤机由太阳能聚光装置高效反射太阳光于集热装置,集热装置快速将太阳光能转化成热能用于烧烤其上的食物。并且自动控温设备可根据不同食物调节烧烤的温度。太阳光自动追光系统可自动感应太阳光入射角度来自动调节太阳光集热装置的角度,高效利用了太阳能。产品安装有太阳能板,其产生的电能用于自动追光系统提供充电电能。     

槽式太阳能集热实验装置设计

介绍太阳能光热发电技术系统中槽式太阳能光热发电原理,教学用槽式太阳能集热系统结构设计、测试方法。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from