氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出铁矿石脱磷技术

研究氧化亚铁硫杆菌（A.f菌）从含磷铁矿石中脱磷的可行性及工艺技术。结果表明：氧化亚铁硫杆菌可以浸出铁矿石中的磷,生物浸出脱磷应选择缺磷9 K培养基体系,添加黄铁矿可强化细菌浸出脱磷,矿浆初始pH对脱磷率有明显影响,合适的细菌接种量、亚铁初始含量及矿石粒度有利于生物浸出脱磷。对某含磷1.12%的铁矿石,以缺磷9 K培养基为浸出体系,添加质量比为20%的黄铁矿,在初始pH值为1.7-2.0的条件下,采用A.f菌进行生物浸出,获得的脱磷率为86.6%。     

生物浸铀中影响嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌活性的氟毒物活性形态(英文)

为了确定浸矿菌耐氟的机制,在氟化物存在的条件下,驯化铀矿浸出菌嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌ATCC23270,研究溶液中含不同氟浓度、不同pH值时铀矿浸出菌的活性变化,以及有无蛋白酶K处理时铀矿浸出菌细胞内氟浓度的变化情况。采用铂电极和Ag/AgCl参比电极测量氧化还原电位,以作为细菌不同活性的参照指标,采用氟离子选择性电极测定细胞内的氟浓度。结果表明,真正影响铀矿浸出菌活性的是HF,溶液pH值增加以及溶液中与氟有较强络合能力的离子浓度的变化,也会引起耐氟菌假象的出现。浸矿菌的耐氟能力可能与细胞壁和细胞膜上的一些蛋白密切相关。     

RAPD用于20株嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株亲缘性研究

为研究中国20株嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌菌株的基因多样性,以及基因指纹技术分类与嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌生理生化特性的相关性,使用20种随机引物,通过PCR扩增20株菌株的基因组DNA,并分析凝胶电泳条带的有无,使用Jaccard系数和UPGMA分析菌株间相关性。20种引物产生的条带将20株菌株分成了5组,菌株间相关性系数最小为35.1%(YTW与DXS),而相似系数最大为96.9%(BY-0502与DXS,DY26与DY30)。结果表明:20株来自不同地区的嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌株具有较高的多样性,并且亲缘性分类与各菌株取样地以及最大铜离子耐受能力分类,有较高的分类相似性,说明RAPD技术拥有在嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌内分类鉴定菌株的能力。     

聚乙二醇对氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出黄铜矿的影响

为提高黄铜矿生物浸出率,研究聚乙二醇(PEG)对Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain XZ11 Fe2+氧化活性和黄铜矿生物浸出过程的影响,并采用SEM和EDS对浸出后矿物表面形貌和相组成进行表征。结果表明:相对分子质量大于200的PEG对Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Fe2+氧化活性具有一定的促进作用,添加30 mg/L PEG 2000时,浸出20 d后,铜浸出量高达451.70 mg/L,较不添加FEG时提高了1.11倍;添加PEG时,黄铜矿表面的侵蚀面呈沟壑状,出现溶蚀坑,并生成Fe3+的羟基化多聚物Fe(Ⅲ)—O—OH。PEG的添加提高了浸出体系中细菌浓度和Fe3+浓度,加速了黄铜矿的溶解。     

阴离子对嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长和硫氧化活性的影响

以嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, ATCC23270)为对象,研究NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-和PO_4~(3-)对Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans生长和硫氧化活性的影响.结果表明:不同阴离子对Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans硫氧化表观活性的影响效应不同,其影响由大到小的顺序依次为Cl~-,NO_3~-,SO_4~(2-)和PO_4~(3-);在高浓度PO_4~(3-)的胁迫(300 mmol/L)下,细菌所表达蛋白质的总数量减少,但同时表达一些特异性蛋白质,这说明细菌可通过抑制一些在正常条件下表达的蛋白质,同时表达一些新的蛋白质来应对无机离子的胁迫效应.     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸矿体系中黄铁矿的电化学行为(英文)

运用循环伏安、稳态极化扫描和交流阻抗等电化学测试方法,研究黄铁矿在氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸矿体系和无菌酸性体系下的电化学氧化机理。结果表明,在无菌和A.ferrooxidans菌存在的条件下,黄铁矿的氧化反应分为两步:第一步是黄铁矿氧化生成元素S;第二步是元素S被氧化生成SO42-。加入A.ferrooxidans后黄铁矿的氧化机理没有发生改变,但是氧化速度加快。随着黄铁矿与A.ferrooxidans作用时间的延长,极化电流密度增加,黄铁矿表面钝化膜溶解的点蚀电位降低。在细菌存在的条件下,电极的阻抗值下降,表明微生物的存在加速了黄铁矿电极的腐蚀作用,有利于黄铁矿的氧化溶解。     

嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌亚铁氧化系统研究进展

嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)是目前研究得最多的浸矿细菌,其能量代谢途径复杂多样。在有氧条件下,A.ferrooxidans以氧化Fe2 、H2或(和)各种还原性硫化物提供能量来生长,在亚铁氧化系统中,A.ferrooxidans的各种菌株氧化亚铁后产生的电子经大致相同的传递途径传递给最终电子受体O2,但是最初电子受体可能有所不同。讨论了A.ferrooxidans亚铁氧化系统中电子顺电势梯度传递的各个电子传递载体的组成,基因结构和特征以及可能的相互作用机制;同时,介绍了A.ferrooxidans生长过程中,少量电子经细胞色素bc1复合体逆电势梯度传递、参与还原力NAD(P)H的生成和CO2固定过程中可能存在的电子传递模式,以及A.ferrooxidans在不同生长基质中生长时rus操纵子的转录调控模式。     

Mg2+对氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长活性的影响

研究了在常用的细菌浸出条件下（ｔ＝３０℃,ｐＨ２．０）,Ｍｇ＾２＋对氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Ｔ．ｆ）５生长活性的影响。结果表明,实验所用菌株具有一定的耐Ｍｇ＾２＋能力;当培养基中ｐ（Ｍｇ＾２＋）≤１０．５ｇ／Ｌ时,Ｍｇ＾２＋对细菌的生长活性没有不利的影响;ｐ（Ｍｇ＾２＋）１５．５ｇ／Ｌ时对细菌生长活性的影响较明显;Ｐ（Ｍｇ＾２＋）２０．５ｇ／Ｌ时细菌的生长完全受到掏。经驯化的珠该菌株耐Ｍｇ＾２＋性明显提高     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌淋滤重金属污染底泥的动力学

针对氧化亚铁硫杆菌生物(T.f)淋滤法处理重金属污染底泥进行实验研究。采用分批摇床培养方法,分析生物淋滤过程中Fe~(2+)浓度对底泥酸化、微生物生长、Fe~(2+)氧化以及底泥中重金属溶出率的影响;借助Monod方程得到不同Fe~(2+)浓度下氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最大比生长速率及饱和常数;通过经验方程推导出不同Fe~(2+)浓度下重金属离子Cu~(2+)和Zn~(2+)的溶出速率常数。结果表明,当Fe~(2+)浓度由2.0 g/L增加到10.0 g/L时,氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最大比生长速率由0.126 h~(-1)上升到0.159 h~(-1),饱和常数由0.881 g/L下降到0.327 g/L,重金属的溶出速率常数与Fe~(2+)浓度呈正相关;当Fe~(2+)浓度超过10.0 g/L时,氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最大比生长速率降低,而饱和常数增大。随着Fe~(2+)浓度的增加Fe~(2+)氧化速率增大。综合各个动力学参数可知,Fe~(2+)浓度为10.0 g/L是生物淋滤体系的最佳底物浓度。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长动力学参数

基于Ｍｏｎｏｄ方程,推导并建立了氧化亚铁硫杆菌ＴＤ－１０在含亚铁培养基中的生长响应模型。研究了以亚铁离子的氧化来表征氧化亚铁直菌的生长过程,利用该模型,通过计算机拟合,确定了模型中细菌生长动力学参数,并用该模型预示了最大比生长速率μｍ,营养物饱和常数Ｋ及细菌的初始浓度与得率系数的比值ρｏｂ／Ｙ变化时对细菌生长的影响。考察了不同二价铁离子初始浓度、温度和接种量时亚铁离子浓度的变化,从而确定了各实验条     

源自硫化矿区的Acidiphilium属菌的分离及其浸矿性能

从湖北大冶铜矿的铜山口硫化矿矿坑水中分离得到了一株嗜酸兼性异养细菌,暂命名为DY.该菌株为革兰氏阴性细菌,短杆状,菌体大小为(0.4±0.1)μm×(1.2±0.2)μm,最适生长温度为30 ℃,最适初始生长pH值为3.5,能利用葡萄糖、乳糖、蔗糖和单质硫生长,不能利用FeSO4进行生长.其系统发育树结果表明,菌株DY与Acidiphilium cryptum(Y18446)位于系统发育树的同一分支中,相似度为99.69%.黄铜矿(CuFeS2)摇瓶细菌浸出实验显示,DY菌株单独浸出黄铜矿的能力较弱,但和嗜酸自养的氧化亚铁硫杆菌ATCC 23270混合浸矿时,与氧化亚铁硫杆菌单独浸矿相比,30 d后黄铜矿的浸出率提高了35.98%.     

Microbial leaching of marmatite by Acidithiobacillusferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans

1 Introduction Microbial leaching of metals from sulfide minerals has been practiced over hundreds of years without realizing that microorganisms were involved. Copper, zinc, gold, etc can be recovered from sulfide ores by microbial leaching[1?5]. Zinc s…     

Bioleaching of anilite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

In order to characterize the efficiency of copper bioleaching from anilite using pure cultures of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans in the absence and presence of ferrous sulphate,the experiments were carried out in shake flasks with or without 4 g/L ferrous sulphate(FeSO_4·7H_2O)at pH 2.0,150 r/min and 35℃.The tests show that Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is unable to attack anilite in iron-free 9K medium.Anilite is rapidly oxidized by bacterial leaching when ferrous sulphate is added.Chemical oxidation o...     

Bioleaching of marmatite flotation concentrate by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum f errooxidans

Bioleaching of marmatite flotation concentrate by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans was investigated at 35℃, the initial pH value of 2.0 on an orbital shaker with 160 min^-1 over a period of 10 days. Experimental results indicate that the adapted strains increase markedly the dissolution rate and the leac-hing ratio of marmatite. Pulp density also affects the bioleaching of marmatite. Massive elemental sulfur and jarosite form during the leaching process in the systems inoculating the adapted strains in pure and mixed cultures;and acid product is enhanced, which decreases the pH below to 2.0 in latter leaching period. Marmatite preferentially dis-solves during the bacterial leaching of complex sulfides. Compared with the pure cultures of original and adapted strains, the adapted strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans in mixed cultures are more efficient in the oxidation of marmatite.     

Sulfur activation-related extracellular proteins of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The fractions of the extracellular proteins of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans grown on two different energy substrates, elemental sulfur and ferrous sulfate,were selectively prepared with hot water treatment and distinctly shown by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.Some protein spots with apparently higher abundance in sulfur energy substrate than in ferrous sulfate energy substrate were identified by using MALDI-TOF/TOE Based on peptide mass fingerprints and bioinformatical analysis,the extracellular ...     

Full structure building and docking of NifS from extremophile Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The gene iscS-2 from extremophile Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans may play a crucial role in nitrogenase maturation. To investigate the protein encoded by this gene, a reliable integral three-dimensional molecular structure was built. The obtained structure was further used to search binding sites, carry out the flexible docking with cofactor pyridoxal 5＇-phosphate（PLP） and substrate cysteine, and identify its key residues. The docking results of PLP reveal that the residues of Lys203, His100, Thr73, Ser200, His202, Asp177 and GlnlS0 have large interaction energies and/or hydrogen bonds fixation with PLP. The docking results of cysteine show that the amino group in cysteine is very near His100, Lys203 and PLP, and the interaction energies for cysteine with them are very big. These identified residues are in line with the experimental facts of NifS from other sources. Moreover, the four residues of Asn152, Val179, Ala102 and Met148 in the PLP docking and the two residues of Lys208 and Alal02 in the cysteine docking also have large interaction energies, which are fitly conserved in NifS from all kinds of sources but have not been identified before, According to these results, this gene encodes NifS protein, and the substrate cysteine can be effectively recruited into the active site. Furthermore, all of the above detected key residues are directly responsible for the binding and/or catalysis of PLP and cysteine.     

Immobilization of A cidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and ferric iron production

1 Introduction Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a kind of Gram negative, aerobic, acidophilic and chemolitho- autotrophic bacteria which is mainly applied in bioleaching of sulphide ores for metal recovery[1]. Compared with the traditional metallurgy techniques, biohydrometallergy technology has the advantages of short process, less energy consumption, environment friendly and lower cost. Thus, biohydrometallurgy is one of the most important aspects in the process of sulphide ores. A. ferro…     

Expression, purification and molecular modeling of iron-containing superoxide dismutase from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

The superoxide dismutase(SOD) from Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans may play an important role in its tolerance to the extremely toxic and oxidative environment of bioleaching.This gene was cloned and then successfully expressed in Escherichia coli.The expressed protein was finally purified by one-step affinity chromatography to homogeneity and observed to be dimer according to SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS.The metal content determination and optical spectra results of the recombinant protein confirmed that the protein was an iron-containing superoxide dismutase.Molecular modeling for the protein revealed that the iron atom was ligated by His26,His75,Asp158 and His162.     

嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌在黄铜矿表面的短期吸附实验研究(英文)

为了探明细菌在黄铜矿表面的吸附机制,采取短期吸附的实验方法,研究吸附时间、矿浆浓度、细菌浓度、pH值和离子强度等因素对吸附行为的影响。结果表明,细菌吸附量随初始细菌浓度和矿浆浓度的增加而增大。Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans在黄铜矿表面的最佳吸附pH范围为1-3。离子强度的增大会抑制细菌吸附,这一现象可以通过双电层理论得到很好的解释。细菌与黄铜矿的吸附行为受疏水性和静电作用力共同影响。