CTIA读出方式的微测辐射热计

在微测辐射热计热敏元的热平衡模型基础上,分析了CTIA读出方式的微测辐射热计在不同背景和衬底温度下的输出响应率,仿真了探测器面阵在偏移-增益两点校正法校正后的输出。为衡量不同衬底温度下校正后残余非均匀性噪声的大小,考虑到响应率随背景温度和衬底温度变化的因素,提出了非均匀性噪声等效功率(NNEP)指标。研究结果表明,在采用20μs积分时间和5pF积分电容时,探测元响应率可以达到106V/W到107V/W;衬底温度的变化在约0.01K以内时,采用两点校正法可以对该读出方式的微测辐射热计输出进行良好的校正。     

改进的基于卡尔曼滤波的非均匀性校正算法

本文研究的对象是针对红外焦平面阵列探测单元响应的非线性对非均匀性校正精度的影响,提出了改进的基于卡尔曼滤波的非均匀性校正算法.该算法的研究方法是采用探测器响应的分段线性模型,对基于卡尔曼滤波器非均匀性校正算法进行扩展和改进,其结果能有效地克服红外焦平面阵列探测单元响应特性的非线性对校正精度的影响.实验结论表明,改进后的算法在一定程度上解决了探测器偏置和增益随时间漂移以及响应非线性影响非均匀性校正性能的问题,获得了较好的非均匀性校正效果.     

日盲型MgZnO紫外光传感器研制及性能分析

紫外探测虚警率低,不受热噪声影响,可以与红外探测及雷达探测相结合,在火力探测及预警领域有广阔的应用前景。该文采用分子束外延法,通过控制Mg源、Zn源和蓝宝石衬底的温度变化,制备一种MgZnO日盲型紫外探测传感器。对其紫外光谱透光率、响应率和响应时间进行测量。在实验室内利用氘灯作为紫外光源,对MgZnO紫外探测传感器进行探测实验,得到响应电压和日盲波段响应率。通过进一步优化探测器制备工艺,提高探测器响应面积和响应率,有望实现远距离的火力探测和预警。     

利用FPGA实现红外焦平面阵列实时非均匀性校正

实时非均匀性校正是红外成像的一项关键技术。根据红外焦平面阵列探测元光谱响应的特点和基于参照源的两点温标非均匀性校正理论，提出一种利用FPGA硬件实现红外焦平面阵列实时非均匀性两点校正的新方法。该方法动态范围大、处理速度快，适用于红外成像系统实时图像处理场合。仿真和实验结果证明是可行的。     

国产氧化钒红外探测器响应特性研究

国产氧化钒非制冷红外探测器的响应率、非均匀性、噪声等效温差等响应特性是影响红外成像系统核心指标的重要因素.研究探测器的靶面温度和环境温度对响应特性的影响,可以为探测器的分温区标定、改进非均匀性校正算法、整机热设计等各个方面提供有效的指导,进而为后续提升红外图像质量和整机连续工作稳定性奠定基础.     

铝诱导晶化真空蒸镀多晶硅薄膜的研究

采用真空蒸镀的方法在玻璃衬底上沉积1层非晶硅薄膜,再通过铝诱导晶化的方法制备出晶粒分布较均匀、晶粒尺寸0.5～5μm、晶化率达到89%的多晶硅薄膜。研究了衬底距离、衬底温度、退火温度对薄膜表面形貌、晶粒尺寸和分布及晶化率的影响。结果表明适中的衬底距离下得到的薄膜晶粒分布均匀,表面平整度好,薄膜厚度较大。薄膜的晶化率随着衬底温度和退火温度的提高而增大;随着退火温度的进一步提高,薄膜的晶化率达到最大值然后降低。     

红外焦平面阵列非均匀性非线性校正新方法

针对红外焦平面阵列非均匀性线性校正方法存在较大误差,而考虑非线性响应的校正算法又过于复杂,难于在实际工程中获得运用等难题,本丈提出一种易于硬件实时处理、校正精度较高的红外焦平面阵列非均匀性非线性校正新方法.在介绍非线性校正新方法原理的基础上,推导出其数学模型,并给出实验结果.实验结果表明该校正方法的校正精度达到1.2%,校正过程中需要存储的参数仅为4个/1象素,易于硬件实现实时校正.     

热丝CVD系统内衬底温度分布的数值研究

热丝法化学气相沉积金刚石薄膜系统内 ,衬底温度和碳源气体浓度是金刚石薄膜生长最为重要的参数。本文根据传热学基本原理 ,数值模拟了衬底表面辐照度、温度分布 ,讨论了衬底热传导等因素对衬底温度分布的影响 ,探讨了如何改善衬底温度均匀性。结果表明 ,考虑衬底横向热传导后 ,衬底表面温度分布均匀性明显优于基于辐射热平衡得到的温度分布 ,在一定程度上有利于生长大面积薄膜。     

基于维纳滤波的红外焦平面非均匀性校正算法

针对焦平面阵列上各探测单元光电响应的非均匀性,本文使用了维纳滤波技术来实现红外焦平面阵列非均匀校正.该方法首先根据实际情况确定一个输出延迟,然后采用维纳滤波并借助前后帧信息对当前帧进行多次估计,最后取其均值作为此帧的最终校正结果.文中使用了真实红外图像对算法性能进行验证,由于能够充分利用过去和将来的场景信息,因而本算法可以有效地去除原图像上的固定图案噪声.     

热丝CVD系统内衬底温度分布的数值研究

热丝法化学气相沉积金刚石薄膜系统内,衬底温度和碳源气体浓度是金刚石薄膜生长最为重要的参数。本文根据传热学基本原理,数值模拟了衬底表面辐照度、温度分布,讨论了衬底热传导等因素对衬底温度分布的影响,探讨了如何改善衬底温度均匀性。结果表明,考虑衬底横向热传导后,衬底表面温度分布均匀性明显优于基于辐射热平衡得到的温度分布,在一定程度上有利于生长大面积薄膜。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to