复合级联混沌的彩色图像加密算法

分析了目前基于混沌系统的彩色图像加密算法,其中发现在混沌彩色图像加密过程中安全性方面的不完善,并在此基础上提出了一种新型的基于级联混沌的多重像素置乱彩色图像加密算法。该算法采用了Kent-Logistic的级联混沌与Henon离散混沌的复合系统,同时结合Arnold映射和像素排列切割的多重像素置乱方法,使得图像像素值和像素位置全盘置乱扩散,从而达到明文图像信息完全隐藏的密文效果。仿真实验表明,该算法不仅能有效抵抗选择明文（密文）攻击、统计特性分析、差分攻击,而且还具有加密效果好、密钥空间大等优点。     

基于分数阶统一混沌系统的图像加密算法

为了解决数字图像信息传输所面临的安全性问题,基于分数阶统一混沌系统,提出了一种新的图像加密算法.采用经典的置乱-扩散机制,整个加密策略分为图像像素位置置乱和像素值替代两个过程.在像素置乱的过程中,采用排序的方式分别对图像的行和列进行置乱.在像素值替代的过程中,通过与密钥序列进行异或运算来实现加密.而混沌系统则作为伪随机序列发生器,并作用于加密的各个阶段.安全性和时间复杂度分析表明:该算法具有高的安全性和低的时间复杂度,且能够抵御几种常见的攻击方式.     

A fast chaos-based image encryption scheme with a novel plain image-related swapping block permutation and block diffusion

In the paper, a fast image encryption scheme with block permutation and block diffusion is introduced. Considering the increasing size of the image, encryption process is manipulated by block, and the encryption of every block image consists of block permutation and block diffusion. A novel plain image-related swapping block permutation strategy is presented, the swapping operation of the block image is controlled by the random chaotic sequences, and the initial value and parameter of the chaotic system are produced by SHA 256 hash value of the plain image, thus our algorithm is highly sensitive to changes of the plain image. Diffusion method within the block image (DMWBI) and diffusion method between two block images (DMBTBI) are presented to effectively eliminate the correlation of adjacent pixels in the plain image. The correlated chaos is employed to enhance the relationship of chaos, and take fully use of chaotic maps. One-dimensional Logistic-Sine System (LSS) is used to generate pseudo-random sequences during the whole encryption process. Experiment results and security analysis have proved the proposed image encryption algorithm is secure and effective.     

Highly secured chaotic block cipher for fast image encryption

The real-time constraint for the codec execution and high security level protection are the two most important multimedia encryption requirements. In this paper, a method is presented for the fast generation of large permutation and diffusion keys, which are based on the sorting of the solutions of the linear Diophantine equation (LDE). The coefficients of the LDE are integers which can be dynamically generated from any type of dynamical chaotic systems, as the maximum precision of the computer can be used for the conversion of floating-point chaotic values into integers. This technique yields a fast image block encryption algorithm in which the security level is considerably strengthened. Although the architecture used in this cipher is the one for which the permutation and diffusion are considered as two separate stages, the generation speed of permutation and diffusion keys allows reducing the computational time required by the duplication of the image-scanning stage during the permutation and diffusion operations.     

像素位置与像素值双重置换的混沌加密算法

提出了一种数字图像像素位置与像素值双重置换的混沌加密算法,对常用的基于混沌的数字图像加密技术进行了改进,利用Logistic混沌映射对数字图像像素位置进行置换加密,然后再次利用Logistic混沌映射对数字图像像素值进行置乱,从而达到对像素位置和像素值双重加密的效果。仿真实验表明：其加密效果优于利用Logistic混沌序列对数字图像像素点置乱的加密技术。     

A spatiotemporal chaotic image encryption scheme based on self adaptive model and dynamic keystream fetching technique

This paper proposes a block chaotic image encryption algorithm based on self-adaptive and dynamic key stream fetching technique (DKSFT) which makes use of a non-adjacent spatiotemporal chaotic system coupled with Tent-Sine system (NASC-TSS) for the chaotic orbit generation. The chaotic dynamics of NASC-TSS has incredible cryptographic properties contrasted with the existing 1D chaotic map. Firstly, a bit-level permutation strategy based on circular-shift operation is suggested which focuses to lessen the implications propelled by the classical permutation architectures. Finally, in the block based diffusion phase, a control parameter is designed to update the initial condition of the employed chaotic system. Subsequently, a unique keystream is generated for various plain-image processing which in turn elevates the complexity of breaking the proposed algorithm under known attacks. Furthermore, the pixel handling in both the permutation and the diffusion stages are done with DKSFT in which the keystream selection corresponds to the pixel position of the permutated-image. The adopted strategies such as self adaptive model and DKSFT can keep up the characteristics of the keystream fluctuating and dodge different sorts of attacks, undoubtedly the known-plaintext and chosen plaintext attacks. The investigation outcomes against a series of rigorous security analysis shows that the strong execution of the proposed cryptosystem against various attacks. These highlight an appealing security level with just a single round of encryption operation, making the algorithm impeccably appropriate for some unique interactive media applications.     

位级同步置乱扩散和像素级环形扩散图像加密算法

目的 针对基于位平面信息量分布的选择性加密算法安全性不高、像素置换加密算法不能很好抵抗统计攻击问题,提出一种基于位级同步置乱扩散和像素级环形扩散的图像加密算法（BSPDPAD算法）,提高图像加密效率和安全性。方法 BSPDPAD算法首先通过分段线性混沌映射产生两组混沌序列,其中一组混沌序列对图像进行随机分块,另一组混沌序列分解到位平面构成位级密钥流;然后,将各像素块分解到位平面,利用位级密钥流同步置乱扩散高位平面、置乱低位平面,实现位平面上块内置乱扩散及块间扩散;最后,再次迭代分段线性混沌映射产生新的密钥流,利用该密钥流对经过位级加密的中间密文图像进行横向顺序扩散和纵向逆序扩散,完成图像加密。结果 灰度图像及彩色图像上的计算机仿真实验与性能分析表明：BSPDPAD算法密钥空间大于2¹⁰⁰,信息熵接近于8,密文图像直方图趋近于均匀分布;与其他加密算法相比,BSPDPAD算法密文图像相邻像素相关性系数绝对值减小约12数量级,像素变化率和归一化平均强度明显提高,说明BSPDPAD算法在密钥、明文敏感性、抵抗多种攻击能力等性能上优于其他加密算法,且算法扩散效果好,仅一轮加密就能获得较理想的加密效果。结论 将位级选择性加密与像素级环形扩散相结合的BSPDPAD算法可有效抵抗各种攻击,安全性高,适合各种类型的灰度及彩色图像加密,潜在应用价值大。     

Quantum image encryption based on restricted geometric and color transformations

A novel encryption scheme for quantum images based on restricted geometric and color transformations is proposed. The new strategy comprises efficient permutation and diffusion properties for quantum image encryption. The core idea of the permutation stage is to scramble the codes of the pixel positions through restricted geometric transformations. Then, a new quantum diffusion operation is implemented on the permutated quantum image based on restricted color transformations. The encryption keys of the two stages are generated by two sensitive chaotic maps, which can ensure the security of the scheme. The final step, measurement, is built by the probabilistic model. Experiments conducted on statistical analysis demonstrate that significant improvements in the results are in favor of the proposed approach.     

双向耦合映像格子模型的图像加密方法

研究并改进了双向耦合映像格子模型所产生伪随机序列的平衡性。设计了加密系统的密钥结构,可有效地抵御蛮力攻击和已知明文攻击。通过图像像素值的扰乱和像素位置的置乱来实现加密并对算法进行数字仿真和安全性分析。实验结果和理论分析表明算法具有良好的加密效果、较高的安全性和较高的密钥敏感性。     

一种时空混沌的图像密码

针对现有算法的一些不足,结合Arnold映射和耦合映射格（CML）设计了一种新的图像加密算法,将密文反馈机制引入算法的像素值加密过程中,使密钥流的生成不仅与密钥相关,而且与明文相关,可有效抵抗选择明文攻击和选择密文攻击;另外,由于加密过程将置换和替代（像素值加密）多轮使用,乘积密码的优点得以体现,这就使等效密钥分析很难奏效。最后通过实验验证了算法的安全性和有效性。     

基于混沌映射的图像Contourlet编码加密算法

针对图像Contourlet多级树集合分裂编码的安全性问题,利用混沌密码设计了一种新的图像加密算法。使用具有良好随机性、安全性的混沌映射构造置乱数组和混沌密钥流对图像进行加密,由两个步骤组成：基于有序扫描表的快速置乱算法;基于编码扫描输出比特的异或加密算法。经实验验证,该算法能对图像视觉内容达到良好的掩密效果,具有密钥敏感度高、加密速度快、安全性高的优点。     

A chaos based image encryption and lossless compression algorithm using hash table and Chinese Remainder Theorem

A chaos based image encryption and lossless compression algorithm using hash table and Chinese Remainder Theorem is proposed. Initially, the Henon map is used to generate the scrambled blocks of the input image. The scrambled block undergoes a fixed number of iterations based on the plain image using Arnold cat map. Since hyper chaos system has complex dynamical characteristics than chaos, the confused image is further permuted using the index sequence generated by the hyper chaos along with hash table structure. The permuted image is divided into blocks and the diffusion is carried out either by using Lorenz equations or by using another complex matrix generated from the plain image appropriately. Along with diffusion, compression is also carried out by Chinese Remainder Theorem for each block. This encryption algorithm has high key space, good NPCR and UACI values and very less correlation among adjacent pixels. Simulation results show the high effectiveness and security features of the proposed algorithm.     

A new image encryption algorithm based on heterogeneous chaotic neural network generator and dna encoding

This paper presents a new combined neural network and chaos based pseudo-random sequence generator and a DNA-rules based chaotic encryption algorithm for secure transmission and storage of images. The proposed scheme uses a new heterogeneous chaotic neural network generator controlling the operations of the encryption algorithm: pixel position permutation, DNA-based bit substitution and a new proposed DNA-based bit permutation method. The randomness of the generated chaotic sequence is improved by dynamically updating the control parameters as well as the number of iterations of the chaotic functions in the neural network. Several tests including auto correlation, 0/1 balance and NIST tests are performed to show high degree of randomness of the proposed chaotic generator. Experimental results such as pixel correlation coefficients, entropy, NPCR and UACI etc. as well as security analyses are given to demonstrate the security and efficiency of the proposed chaos based genetic encryption method.     

A new image encryption algorithm based on non-adjacent coupled map lattices

We propose a new image encryption algorithm which is based on the spatiotemporal non-adjacent coupled map lattices. The system of non-adjacent coupled map lattices has more outstanding cryptography features in dynamics than the logistic map or coupled map lattices does. In the proposed image encryption, we employ a bit-level pixel permutation strategy which enables bit planes of pixels permute mutually without any extra storage space. Simulations have been carried out and the results demonstrate the superior security and high efficiency of the proposed algorithm.     

混沌映射与比特重组的图像加密

目的 当前很多图像加密都采用基于比特的加密算法。针对这种比较流行的加密算法所存在的安全缺陷问题,提出一种能够解决比特面0比特和1比特置乱时的位置限制的图像加密算法,实现比特的全局重组。方法 首先利用Tent混沌映射生成一个伪随机序列,然后利用生成的伪随机序列对比特明文图像进行整行以及整列的置乱,将置乱后的比特像素矩阵分块分别进行Henon映射的置乱,最后经过扩散操作得到最后的密文图像。结果 加密后明文图像的像素值的分布由不均匀变成了均匀分布,明文图像的各像素间的相关性被打破,使得原图没有了统计特性,像素变化率（NPCR）以及归一化平均变化强度（UACI）皆接近理想值,算法能够抵抗穷举攻击和差分攻击,并且在能保证加密安全的同时能有较低计算复杂度。结论 本文所提出的图像加密算法具有加密后像素相关性低、密钥空间大,以及对明文图像和密钥高度敏感等特点,本文算法在进行比特级的置乱时,又加入了与明文相关的特性,增强了加密算法的明文敏感性,同时也加强了加密算法的扩散性,可有效地保障密文图像的安全。     

An image encryption scheme based on constructing large permutation with chaotic sequence

This paper proposes a chaos-based image encryption scheme with a permutation–diffusion structure. In the proposed scheme, the large permutation with the same size as the plain-image is used to shuffle the positions of image pixels totally. An effective method is also presented to construct the large permutation quickly and easily by combining several small permutations, where small permutations are directly generated using a chaotic map. In the diffusion stage, the pixel is enciphered by exclusive or with the previous ciphered pixel and a random number produced by the Logistic map with different initial conditions. Test results and analysis by using several security measures have shown that the proposed scheme is efficient and reliable, and can be applied to real-time image encryption.     

基于高维超混沌系统和矩阵张量积的图像分组加密新算法

目前混沌加密算法主要存在三方面的不足:1)采用低维混沌序列造成混沌退化;2)采用的混沌系统结构过于简单;3)算法只依赖于混沌系统的结构和密钥。针对这些不足,提出一种新的图像分组加密算法。为了克服混沌退化,算法借助矩阵张量积将高维超混沌系统所产生混沌序列和一维混沌序列充分耦合,产生像素扩散矩阵。在此过程中,用明文信息控制扩散矩阵生成,使算法与明文相关,提高了算法的安全强度。     

Color image encryption scheme based on the combination of the fisher-yates scrambling algorithm and chaos theory

In order to obtain a more secure and effective image encryption scheme, a color image encryption scheme based on Fisher-Yates scrambling algorithm and chaos theory is proposed. First, the (secure hash algorithm) SHA-384 is used to generate the key by combining the plaintext image and the encrypted time point. Then, three groups of chaotic sequences are obtained by iterating the three-dimensional Chen chaotic system, and three groups of pseudo-random sequences are obtained by processing with the key. The first group of pseudo-random sequences combined with the Fisher’s algorithm for image pixel position scrambling. A new pixel value substitution method is proposed using the second group of sequences to control each pixel value substitution of the image. The last group generated the matrix after pixel substitution was used for diffusion transformation to obtain the final encrypted image. The test results show that the scheme has broad application prospects.

     

基于混沌的魔方置乱算法设计

文章提出了一种新的基于混沌的魔方置乱算法,并将其应用于图像加密。该算法借用了魔方变换的思想,通过混沌映射产生两列相互独立的魔方置乱参数序列,利用这些产生的序列在空域上对图像进行置乱。实验结果分析表明,该算法具有良好的保密效果,并能在一定程度上抵抗裁剪攻击和高斯噪声干扰。     

A secure multi-stage one-round bit-plane permutation operation based chaotic image encryption

Currently, data security is a challenging task in any open source data transmission network. Basically, in most of the networks, images are used, hence security of images is a major challenging task. This paper proposes a combined hyper-chaos and chaos based encryption technique to secure images. In the method, one-round of diffusion and multi-stage bit-plane permutation operations are performed to obtain the better encryption results. The advantages of this scheme are that in one-round encryption operation, the proposed scheme can be realized easily and also confused largely. Apart from that the algorithm is simple as it uses simpler mathematical computations while attaining higher security such as higher key space, higher number of pixel changing rate, higher unified average changing intensity, and better correlation coefficient results. Moreover, hash based keys are used to resist the algorithm against chosen-plaintext and known-plaintext attacks. The security analysis and computer simulations show the good encryption results of the proposed scheme and strong resistivity to the widely used common attacks.