共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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晶态介孔金属氧化物的合成研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
晶态介孔金属氧化物与相应的无定形材料相比具有更加优异的催化、光学、电学、磁学和力学等性能,具有较宽的应用范围,是近年来介孔材料合成的热点。本文主要对晶态介孔金属氧化物的制备方法,包括非晶晶化法、蒸发诱导自组装法和硬模板法进行了介绍,并对这些方法的优缺点进行了比较。 相似文献
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总结了课题组以硬模板法制备三维有序介孔Cr2O3(3DOMeso-Cr2O3)、Co3O4(3DOMeso-Co3O4)、MnO2(3DOMeso-MnO2)、Fe2O3(3DOMeso-Fe2O3)和三维有序大孔Fe2O3(3DOMacro-Fe2O3)及其催化氧化挥发性有机物的研究进展。以三维有序介孔二氧化硅KIT-6为硬模板,可制备出3DOMeso-Cr2O3-1、3DOMeso-Cr2O3-2、3DOMeso-Co3O4-1和3DOMeso-Fe2O3,比表面积分别为106、124、121、113 m2/g;以三维有序介孔二氧化硅SBA-16为硬模板,可制备出3DOMeso-Co3O4-2、3DOMeso-Co3O4-3和3DOMeso-MnO2,比表面积分别为118、313、266 m2/g;以规整排列的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球为硬模板,可获得3DOMacro-Fe2O3,比表面积为42 m2/g。这些三维有序介孔或大孔结构的过渡金属氧化物对典型挥发性有机物(甲苯、甲醛、甲醇、丙酮和乙酸乙酯)氧化反应显示出优异的催化性能。 相似文献
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CeO2是一种重要而廉价的稀土化合物,广泛应用于催化领域,将其制备成为介孔态材料可以提高其催化反应活性,拓宽其应用范围。阐述了当下使用各种模板法制备介孔CeO2的研究现状,着重关注了CeO2的介孔参数,并展望了模板法合成介孔CeO2的趋势。 相似文献
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AiGuo Kong HaiYan Zhu WenJuan Wang QiYing Zhang Fan Yang YongKui Shan 《Journal of Porous Materials》2011,18(1):107-112
Novel one-step high vacuum nanocasting method is developed to prepare ordered mesoporous rare earth and transition metal oxides
with high-surface area using mesoporous KIT-6 as hard templates. Characterization of these mesostructured materials was performed
by the X-ray powder diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. In this synthesis method, metal oxide precursors are effectively filled into the channels
of hard templates by a one-step high vacuum impregnation, and the excess precursors can be removed through vacuum filtration.
It is a very effective nanocasting method and has the wider application in the preparation of mesoporous metal oxides with
high surface area and high purity. 相似文献
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《Ceramics International》2017,43(7):5412-5416
A novel hard-template synthesis approach for the fabrication of mesoporous hydroxyapatite (HAP) is described herein. Carbon nanorods, synthesised using mesoporous silica (SBA-15) and an acidified sucrose solution, are used as a hard template, after which, they are utilised to synthesise mesoporous HAP. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and nitrogen adsorption/Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), are all employed to characterise the synthesised materials. We demonstrate that this approach allows for the successful fabrication of single phase HAP with surface area 242.20±2.27 m2 g−1 and average pore diameter 3.5 nm and 18.9 nm. This work proposes for the first time a bespoke innovative procedure that employs carbon nanorods as a template for the synthesis of mesoporous HAP via a hard templating protocol. 相似文献
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自然环境中长期进化形成的多层次、多维和多尺度天然硬模板结构和一些具有多层次多维结构的天然“软”生物分子可为多级结构纳米材料的设计与制备提供了新的思路。金属氧化物通常作为催化剂的重要组成部分,其制备与催化应用得到广泛关注,生物模板法为金属氧化物的制备提供了一条简单、绿色、有效的合成路线。本文从基于生物模板的制备方法、生物模板在氧化物制备过程中的作用和生物模板在金属氧化物催化应用时的作用方面总结近十年来的研究进展。基于硬模板的制备方法简单高效,可完美地复制结构类似的金属氧化物材料,而软模板能够灵活地调控金属氧化物颗粒的尺寸和分散性。基于生物模板制备金属氧化物的过程往往经历“吸附-成核-生长-组装”多步骤,生物模板起着表面吸附、空间限域、导向等重要作用。就所得金属氧化物的催化应用而言,生物模板法的优势在于能够实现氧化物材料元素的自掺杂、有效改善传质以及特殊的表面结构赋予催化剂优异的催化性能。 相似文献
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L. Chmielarz P. Kuśtrowski R. Dziembaj P. Cool E.F. Vansant 《Microporous and mesoporous materials》2010,127(1-2):133-141
SBA-15 mesoporous silica was modified with metal (Al, Ti, Cu, Fe) oxides by the molecular designed dispersion (MDD) method using acetylacetonate complexes of metals as precursors of the catalytically active components. The modified mesoporous silicas were characterized with respect to texture (BET), composition (EPMA), coordination and aggregation of transition metal species (UV–vis-DRS), reducibility of the deposited transition metals (TPRed) and surface acidity (FT-IR). Deposition of aluminium and titanium species on the SBA-15 surface significantly increased its acidity, mainly by generation of strong Lewis acid sites. Copper and iron deposited on the surface of pure SBA-15 were present nearly exclusively in the form of mononuclear cations. Deposition of Fe or Cu on the SBA-15 supports modified with alumina or titania resulted in a formation of significant amounts of oligomeric metal oxide clusters. The SBA-15 based samples have been found to be active and selective catalysts of the DeNOx process. The modification of the silica surface with titanium or aluminium prior to the deposition of iron or copper significantly improved the activity of the SBA-15 based catalysts. 相似文献
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腈水合生成酰胺具有原子经济性高以及无其他副产物生成的优点。通常腈水合生成酰胺是在强酸或强碱催化下进行的,但其具有腈过度水解生成羧酸以及需要中和催化剂生成盐等缺点。采用过渡金属氧化物如氧化锰(MnO2)、氧化镍(NiO)、氧化铈(CeO2)以及氢氧化钌[Ru(OH)x]为催化剂替代强酸或强碱可克服上述缺点。本文总结了上述过渡金属氧化物为催化剂催化腈水合生成酰胺反应的进展,从中可以看到腈水合生成酰胺反应依赖于催化剂的种类、制备方法以及腈的结构。对每种催化剂的制备方法、使用范围、优缺点进行了分析。对各种催化剂催化腈水合生成酰胺反应的可能机理进行讨论。根据以上讨论,预期此类催化剂将向复合型和负载型方向发展。 相似文献