两性离子调剖堵水剂的制备及性能研究

以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酸(AA)、二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,凹凸棒土为填料,过硫酸钾(KPS)、亚硫酸氢钠(SHS)为引发剂,制备两性离子调剖堵水剂(ZPAM)。考察填料种类、填料用量、交联剂用量、单体比、矿化度、温度对调剖堵水剂吸水性能的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺为:以凹凸棒土为填料,AM∶AA∶DMDAAC=15∶1∶1(质量比),填料用量2%(以单体总质量为准),交联剂用量1%(以单体总质量为准),使用氧化-还原引发体系在30℃水浴中制得两性离子调剖堵水剂。在60℃的注入水中吸水性较好,吸水倍数可达34.9倍。     

堵水调剖剂堵水机理与性能评价

综述了国内外油田应用的堵水调剖剂的种类,性能,作用机理和性能评价方法及应用开发情况,并对堵水调剖剂的研究及发展提出了建议。     

油田化学调剖堵水剂应用研究综述

本文综述了国内外油田用调剖堵水剂的分类、性能、作用机理及应用开发情况,主要对化学调剖堵水剂进行着重介绍,对今后堵剂和调剖剂的研究提出了建议。     

多羟基化合物堵水调剖剂的研制

介绍了一种利用阳离子化改性多羟基化合物进行堵水调剖的方法,具有一定的选择性,在油田应用取得了良好效果。     

油田堵水调剖剂综述

综述了油田应用的堵水调剖剂的种类及作用机理,重点介绍了化学堵水调剖剂的作用机理,最后对堵水调剖剂的研究及发展提出了建议。     

无机沉淀物作为堵水调剖剂的研究

无机沉淀物作为堵水调剖剂是目前提高条件苛刻油藏开发效果的一种有效方法。介绍了无机沉淀型堵剂的主要类型，有氢氧化物型（分为氧化铝类和氢氧化镁类）、无机盐沉淀型、热敏型、醇诱导盐型、无机一有机复合型等。同时介绍了无机沉淀的堵水调剖机理及其在现场的应用效果，结果表明单液法水玻璃堵剂粘度低，易进入地层，适应范围在40—130℃，封堵率高，突破力大，效果良好。指出，无机堵剂具有耐高温、抗高盐、廉价、对环境无害等特点，是提高苛刻条件油藏开发效果的一种有效方法。     

国内油田堵水调剖的研究与应用现状

概述了国内油田应用的堵水调剖技术与各类堵水调剖剂的性能、作用机理研究以及在油田的应用现状,重点介绍了化学堵水调剖剂,对今后堵水调剖剂的研究及发展提出了建议。     

油田用调剖堵水剂的研究现状与发展趋势

石油是极为重要的能源,可为社会发展提供巨大帮助,所以石油事业得到了国家的高度重视,油田开发和使用的规范性与科学性不断增强。基于此,着眼于油田的调剖堵水工作,对我国的调剖堵水技术进行了概述,然后分析了油田用调剖堵水剂的研究现状,还对调剖堵水剂的未来发展趋势进行了展望,希望能为相关工作人员带来参考。     

MT-2型堵水调剖剂的室内实验评价

MT-2型堵水调剖剂是针对特高含水油田而研制的一种新型高效堵水调剖剂，它的适应性很强。本文作者从pH值、温度、原始渗透率等各个方面对该堵水剂进行了性能评价，结果表明，它可以用于特高含水期的油井堵水和水井调剖工作。     

体膨类堵水调剖剂研究现状

简述了体膨类堵水调剖剂的种类、名称以及合成方法,并介绍了体膨类堵水调剖剂的优良特性。重点介绍了体膨类堵水调剖剂的研究现状,包括专利产品和室内研究,以及该类堵剂的研究、评价方法。介绍了国内油田该类堵剂的应用情况,指出了该堵剂的不足之处,并提出了发展、改进的方向。     

Synthesis and properties of amphiprotic polyacrylamide microspheres as water shutoff and profile control

Heat‐ and salt‐resistant amphiprotic polyacrylamide microsphere (APMS) was synthesized using inverse microemulsion polymerization method. The microstructure, swellability, filtration, and core flooding performances were tested and characterized. FT‐IR spectroscopy indicates that APMS was successfully prepared. Morphological analysis reveals that it is relatively uniform and spherical with an average diameter about 50 nm. Its average diameter increases up to 634 nm after aging at 90°C for 7 days in synthetic brine. After aging for 30 days, the particle size is decreased to 482 nm. But the swelling magnification is still 9.6 times its initial diameter. Compared with the traditional microspheres, APMS exhibits excellent thermal stability, salt resistance, and swelling properties. In addition, the plugging factor is in the range of 0.236 to 0.317, and the number of particles for bridge‐plugging is slightly increased from 2 to 4 over aging time. Moreover, the plugging parameters show that APMS can favorably enter and effectively plug the artificial cores with permeability of 0.19 to 0.50 µm² by deformation, breakthrough and migration, bridging and plugging mechanisms. Furthermore, APMS also shows well its resistance to water flushing and good plugging strength in continuous injection experiment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43366.     

低温时间可控冻胶堵水调剖剂的制备

以交联有机聚合物为骨架、无机聚合物为刚性填充物、催化剂控制成胶时间,制备低温时间可控冻胶堵水调剖剂。利用单因素控制法研究有机聚合物、交联剂、无机聚合物、催化剂对冻胶强度、成胶时间及初始黏度的影响,对冻胶耐盐性、黏弹性、封堵性进行评价。结果表明有机聚合物质量浓度0.2%,无机聚合物质量浓度为12%,交联剂质量浓度0.3%,催化剂质量浓度为0.05%时,制得强度好、黏弹性好、封堵率高、时间可控等优点的冻胶堵水调剖剂。     

油田堵水调剖技术研究进展与发展趋势

堵水调剖技术是油田提高水驱波及系数、改善水驱开发效果,实现油藏稳产的重要手段.本文从堵水调剖的油藏工程决策、化学剂应用、化学剂性能评价、施工效果评价等方面系统分析了国内外堵水调剖技术的研究现状,简述了当前堵水调剖技术面临的挑战,展望了该技术的发展趋势.     

两性离子水凝胶的制备及性能研究

研制了一种羧基化石墨烯GO和两性离子基团修饰的两性水凝胶(ZMPA),在不同温度下,利用水和不同盐类对ZMPA的吸水溶胀能力进行了系统研究。通过缔合作用而形成的两性离子水凝胶颗粒可在高温度和高盐度条件下,其溶胀能力将突然增加,这说明ZMPA对温度和盐度有着较为敏感的适应性。ZMPA在80℃时具有优异的封堵性能,封堵效率高达93.8%,而20℃时的效率仅为33.3%。羧基化石墨烯GO的加入可提高ZMPA的力学稳定性,同时可使ZMPA在外界环境pH发生改变时更好的做出响应。     

两性离子水凝胶的制备及性能研究

研制了一种羧基化石墨烯GO和两性离子基团修饰的两性水凝胶(ZMPA),在不同温度下,利用水和不同盐类对ZMPA的吸水溶胀能力进行了系统研究。通过缔合作用而形成的两性离子水凝胶颗粒可在高温度和高盐度条件下,其溶胀能力将突然增加,这说明ZMPA对温度和盐度有着较为敏感的适应性。ZMPA在80℃时具有优异的封堵性能,封堵效率高达93.8%,而20℃时的效率仅为33.3%。羧基化石墨烯GO的加入可提高ZMPA的力学稳定性,同时可使ZMPA在外界环境pH发生改变时更好的做出响应。     

Bulk and rheological properties of polyacrylamide hydrogels for water shutoff treatment

Presenting an optimal hydrogel for water shutoff, based on the bulk and rheological properties, was the main purpose of this research. To determine gelation time, a bottle test was conducted using central composite design method with two factors, AN125VLM and Cr(OAc)₃, as copolymer and crosslinker, respectively. To select hydrogel with high strength network, crosslinking density and consistency modulus were also measured. Hence, a hydrogel with 26,340 ppm concentration of copolymer, 0.12 ratio of crosslinker/copolymer, maximum value of crosslinking density (1,950) and consistency modulus (31,900 Pa) was selected as the optimal one. To study the gelation time among different factors in porous media, rheological experiments were carried out by Plackett-Burman design to screen the eight factors (NaCl, CaCl₂, KCl and MgCl₂ concentrations, temperature, pH, sodium lactate and nanoclay). Accordingly, temperature was the most effective factor controlling the gelation time, while pH and other factors had negligible effect on the gelation time of the optimal hydrogel.     

The use of environmental scanning electron microscopy for imaging the microstructure of gels for profile control and water shutoff treatments

The use of gel systems as profile control and water shutoff agents has become a wide practice in recent years for oil recovery applications. But few systematic studies have been carried out on the microstructure of gels. In this study, environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) was employed to investigate the microstructure of gels in their natural state. It was directly observed that a three‐dimensional network structure formed in chromium or zirconium crosslinked polymer gels is the same as organic/ inorganic crosslinked gels. However, there is a dense flat structure in phenol resin crosslinked polymer gels or phenolic resin gels. The differences between the microstructures can be attributed to the different crosslinking sites and crosslinking density, and this affect the gel's stability at reservoir temperatures. In addition, this paper also introduced the crosslinking mechanism and macro‐morphology of the bulk gels. It can contribute to a better understanding of the gel's microstructure. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 39946.     

乳液型沉淀调剖体系的研制和性能研究

以含钙离子矿化水为水相、含草酸二乙酯的煤油为油相,曲拉通X-100为乳化剂,制备了一种适用于低温高矿化度油藏的可单液法注入的乳液型沉淀调剖体系.结果表明,该体系在60℃以内的环境中具有较强的耐盐性.油相中的沉淀剂可缓慢扩散至水相中,进而控制沉淀的生成速度;钙离子和沉淀剂浓度的升高,不仅可以在一定范围内增加沉淀量,还使沉...     

Preparation and properties of multilayer assembled polymer gel microsphere profile control agents

A polymer gel microsphere profile control agent [P(AA‐AM‐C₁₈DMAAC)@SiO₂] with a multilayer assembled structure was prepared by combining multiple assembly and nanocomposite technology via inverse emulsion polymerization and precipitation polymerization using silicon dioxide (SiO₂), acrylamide (AM), and acrylic acid (AA). The structure of the gel microsphere was characterized by SEM, FTIR, and TGA. The results indicated that the multilayer assembled polymer gel microsphere was successfully prepared. The introduction of SiO₂ enhanced the strength of the profile control agent, and the outer hydrophobic association polymer octadecyl dimethyl allylammonium chloride (C₁₈DMAAC) changed the temperature resistance and salt resistance of the polymer by adjusting the polymer composition. Further, the influences of C₁₈DMAAC dosage in P(AA‐AM‐C₁₈DMAAC)@SiO₂ at different temperatures on the water absorption ratio of the gel microsphere was studied and concluded that at C₁₈DMAAC to P(AA‐AM)@SiO₂ mass ratio of 1.25:1, the water absorption performance of the profile control agent was optimal. Moreover, the microsphere of the P(AA‐AM‐C₁₈DMAAC)@SiO₂ shows the characteristics of absorb water slowly at low temperatures and quickly at high temperatures. And the prepared microsphere has a certain salt tolerance, and the viscosity of the P(AA‐AM‐C₁₈DMAAC)@SiO₂ microsphere increases slowly, so it could be used as a promising profile control agent in future. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1507–1516 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers