感知-通信-计算融合的智能车联网挑战与趋势

针对单车感知无法满足未来自动驾驶安全需求的现状,面向多车传感器信息融合与时效性共享问题,提出了基于感知-通信-计算融合的智能车联网方法与解决思路。该方法有助于提高自动驾驶车辆的协同环境感知能力,并通过移动边缘计算(MEC)技术降低车间感知信息传输负载,提高多车协同的信息融合与处理效率,最终实现基于多车智能协同的安全自动驾驶。     

基于信息可视化的协同感知模型

为了提高协同感知的直观性与交互性,提出了一种基于信息可视化的协同感知模型,在感知粒度和感知范围的支持下将感知对象与感知呈现模式相映射,引入了进程线、任务前趋图、思维导图等图形化的信息可视化方式以支持感知信息的通信,描述了不同设计端对感知信息的处理流程。在协同模板建模平台中实现并验证了该模型,有效提高了协同设计中交互的启发性,促进了设计过程中的通信与协作。     

面向无人作业的天空地协同网络：需求、挑战、技术变革机遇

在偏远、危险地区,机器人可感知环境、智能交互,协同完成复杂任务。以卫星和无人机为主体的天空地协同网络能够为这些机器人提供全域泛在、随遇接入的通信服务。首先,分析无人作业发展趋势和机器人通信需求。基于此,面向机器人通信的特点,建议跳出“信息传输管道”的传统视角,在支持信息传输的同时,关注信息的内容和价值。进一步综合考虑机器人通信中信息生成的动作及其反馈,提出潜在技术变革的切入点。具体地,从结构化通信资源配置、机器人行为调控和感-传-算-控闭环模型三个方面阐述维纳控制论启发的通信范式变革途径。     

星地协同智能海洋通信网络发展展望

随着国家海洋战略推进实施,海上运输、资源开发等经济活动日趋活跃,海洋通信需求不断增长。尽管地面蜂窝网络已进入5G时代,现有海洋通信仍主要依赖海事卫星和岸基通信手段,通信速率、通信时延和可靠性等远不能满足需求。未来6G网络有望实现天空地海全域覆盖,但由于海上环境的复杂性、海事业务的异构性等挑战,6G海洋通信网络仍面临特殊难题。在综述海洋通信现状的基础上,从传输效率、网络覆盖、信息服务3方面梳理关键技术。面向未来6G智能海洋通信网络发展,展望海上环境感知智能传输、星地协同动态组网和业务驱动资源分配技术方法与研究方向。     

卫星信息支持海域感知关键技术分析

基于对地观测卫星资源的发展和应用,针对海域感知对卫星信息的需求,结合卫星 信息时效性、多元异类卫星信息融合处理、卫星与其他态势感知手段协同使用等问题,分析 梳理了基于卫星信息的海域感知关键技术,主要包括面向航母编队信息保障的快速反应技术 、面向任务的异种平台协同任务规划及基于效能的异类多平台协同策略优化技术、目标信息 快速处理技术、水下目标探测技术等。     

面向自组网的通感融合技术及软硬件设计

现有自组网通信和导航技术缺乏深度融合的框架和方法,在未来场景下难以保障未来“智慧城市”、“智能出行”等场景对通信感知的综合性需求,因此研究面向物联网、车联网等自组织网络的通感融合(ISAC)技术成为亟待解决的问题。本文针对自组网通感需求,提出了通信感知信号融合方法和技术方案,可在保障通信性能的同时提高测距感知估计精确度。针对自组网设备间、通感任务间资源需求冲突等问题,依据自组网集群业务需求,构建了保障通信需求的定位感知网络时频资源优化框架,设计了联合资源分配方案及相应迭代优化算法,实现有限资源情况下的高可靠、强稳定自组网协同感知能力。针对当前自组网通信模组存在时延高、网络覆盖范围小、感知能力缺失等问题,设计并搭建了通感一体化模块原型样机I型,可在卫导数据缺失下提供全网高精确度时钟同步,保障集群协同感知能力,并在长距离下提供自组网通信协同传输支撑,从硬件设备上为通感融合提供支撑。最终形成了一套包含通感信号融合设计、时频资源联合优化方案的自组网通信感知系统框架,并研制搭建了一套通感融合软硬件平台(含通感一体化原型样机4台)。在外场测试中,2 km内通信速率≥320 kbps,丢包率≤0.0...     

通信对抗中的协同攻击仿真技术研究

针对通信对抗中的协同攻击问题,给出了通信对抗协同攻击推演模型的设计。在模型架构中,阐述了协同探测感知的实现方法、协同攻击仿真实验框架构建、协同攻击动态任务规划和在线评估的相关内容。仿真结果表明,协同攻击策略的选择对于攻击效果具有较大影响,通过仿真可以为协同攻击策略的选择提供数据支撑。     

通信感知计算融合在工业互联网中的愿景与关键技术

5G赋能工业互联网为工厂数字化、智能化、无人化提供了基础,但是也对网络提出了协同感知、通过感知信息的分布式协同传输与决策、通信精准QoS保障的要求,从而实现智能化生产与控制。针对工业互联网中的新型业务场景与网络的需求,提出了通信感知计算融合在工业互联网中的愿景,对通感一体化、通感算一体化的网络架构与协同机制和通感算一体化能力开放等部分关键技术挑战进行了阐述,并简要介绍了高精度定位、设备/环境管理、云化控制等潜在工业应用场景。     

综合信息感知及关键技术研究

研究了美国军事变革的动因,分析了美国空军转型飞行计划的6个作战概念、转型能力计划和信息优势的需求。针对我国军队信息化建设对综合信息感知的需求,主要研究了以"持久监视"为核心目标的一体化综合信息感知系统研究思路及关键技术。并针对基于战术数据链网络支撑环境下的协同战场态势感知系统,围绕着系统的协同运行机制、协同应用建模、协同信息资源和网络支撑环境建设等关键技术及协同引擎开展研究,为综合态势感知提供技术支撑。     

通信带宽受限条件下的无人机集群协同搜索

针对通信带宽受限下的无人机集群协同搜索问题,考虑了战场环境中存在威胁区的情况,提出了一种分布式多无人机意图交互的优化搜索算法。首先,基于设计的环境态势感知图,建立了环境状态空间模型以及更新方法;其次,定义了多步长下的搜索回报函数,得到各无人机的决策意图;然后,设计了融合更新算子以及带宽受限下的动态通信拓扑,实现了多无人机之间的意图交互;最后,在获取其他无人机意图的基础上进行再决策。仿真结果表明,所提算法能够在通信带宽受限情况下,完成多无人机对任务区域的协同覆盖搜索任务,并实现了对威胁区域的规避。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.