超声辅助MnO_2活化过一硫酸盐降解罗丹明B

选取罗丹明B(Rh B)为降解底物,采用超声辅助MnO_2活化过一硫酸盐(PMS)的方法降解水中的Rh B。以Rh B染料废水的色度去除率为指标,探究PMS投加量、MnO_2投加量、超声功率、Rh B初始pH和浓度,温度对Rh B降解效果的影响及其该法的使用范围。结果表明,最优的Rh B降解条件为PMS 0.5 g/L,MnO_20.8 g/L,超声功率80 W。此外,该方法可在温度为45~60℃和pH为中性范围内使用。催化剂重复3次,Rh B的色度去除率基本不变。该研究结果可为杂环碱性染料工业废水的处理提供技术指导。     

超声辅助Fe3O4活化过一硫酸盐降解酸性红B

含偶氮型染料废水色度高、降解困难,对环境危害大,采用传统水处理方法难以达到严格的工业废水排放要求。本文选取典型偶氮染料酸性红B为研究对象,采用超声辅助Fe₃O₄活化过一硫酸盐的高级氧化方法进行处理。以酸性红B染料废水的色度去除率为指标,研究Fe₃O₄投加量、PMS投加量、超声功率、超声频率、初始染料浓度、溶液初始pH等参考对降解效果的影响规律及该法的适用范围。实验获得最优的酸性红B处理条件为Fe₃O₄ 1.0g/L,PMS 60mmol/L,超声频率50kHz,超声功率80W。结果表明,该法可在pH为3.5～8.5范围中适用,能处理初始浓度1g/L酸性红B溶液。实验还研究了催化剂循环利用性能,发现重复3次的时候色度去除率仍然可以保持在95%以上。该研究结果可为偶氮型染料工业废水的处理提供技术指导。     

超声波-Fenton法协同降解含表面活性剂SDS弱酸艳红染料废水的研究

采用Fenton氧化、超声辐射和超声-Fenton氧化三种方法处理含阴离子表面活性剂SDS的弱酸艳红B染料废水,考察溶液初始pH、H2O2投加量、FeSO4投加量、反应时间和超声功率对废水色度和COD的影响。结果表明:单独超声对废水色度和COD的去除没有效果,超声-Fenton氧化法对废水COD的去除效果明显优于Fenton氧化法。在pH 2.5,温度50℃,H2O2投加量4 mL/L,FeSO4投加量300 mg/L,反应时间90 min及超声功率400 W的条件下,废水色度去除率为98%,COD去除率为72%,比单独Fenton氧化法COD去除率提高25%。     

Fe/C微电解—Fenton氧化组合工艺处理松节油加工废水

采用Fe/C微电解—Fenton氧化法处理松节油加工废水,Fe/C微电解单元主要研究了铁屑投加量、铁炭比、pH对处理效果的影响;Fenton氧化单元主要研究了H2O2投加量、超声、UV对Fenton处理效果的影响。结果表明:在铁屑投加量为100 g/L,铁炭比为1,pH为2时,COD、色度的去除率达到84.2%、96%,B/C从0.12升高到0.41;在H2O2投加量为8 mL,pH为3,超声功率为100 W的条件下,COD去除率达到98.5%,B/C从0.41提高到0.65,最终处理后废水COD≤100 mg/L,色度≤5。     

TiO_2/ACFs光催化处理染料废水的试验研究

采用负载型TiO_2/ACFs光催化剂在紫外光照射下,处理活性艳红X-3B染料废水,通过试验考察光催化剂对染料废水的处理效果,并对影响负载型TiO_2/ACFs处理染料废水效果的各单因素进行分析和讨论,探讨了染料废水pH值、光照时间、催化剂投加量等因素对染料废水色度和COD去除率的影响。试验结果表明,在pH值为3,催化剂投加量为10 g/L,滴加3%的H_2O_2 1.0 mL,曝气量0.6 m3/h,反应时间为2 h的条件下,活性艳红X-3B染料废水色度去除率可达90%,COD去除率达71%。     

Fenton试剂对染料废水的降解脱色作用研究

为了进一步探讨Fenton法对某些难降解有机物的降解效果,研究影响降解的诸多因素,以甲基橙模拟染料废水为研究对象,以色度和COD去除率为检测指标,研究了Fenton反应中pH值、H2O2浓度、Fe2+离子浓度、反应时间、温度对甲基橙模拟染料废水脱色率及COD去除率的影响规律.结果表明:Fenten试剂可有效地去除甲基橙模拟染料废水中的色度和COD.染料浓度为200mg/L时,在pH=4、20℃、H2O2=(浓度为30%)投量为0.6mL/L、硫酸亚铁投量为200mg/L时,反应60min,甲基橙模拟染料废水的色度去除率可以达到99.66%,COD的去除率可达88%.     

电Fenton法处理染料废水的研究

采用电Fenton法预处理染料废水,对影响COD及色度去除率的各种因素,包括内电解反应的初始pH值、铁的投加量、铁炭投加比,Fenton试剂氧化处理过程中初始pH值、H2O2的投加量及投加方式、反应时间等进行了研究。结果表明,内电解反应的最佳条件为：pH值为3．0,铁的投加量为25g/L,Fe／C为1：1．3;Fenton试剂氧化处理染料废水的最佳条件为：H2O2投加量为30mmol／L,pH值为内电解出水pH值（4．0左右）,反应时间为50min。COD去除率可达58％,色度去除率可达95％以上,B／C的值也由原来的0．08提高到0．36左右。     

超声-泡沫铜耦合降解罗丹明B

以泡沫铜作为催化剂与超声波耦合降解罗丹明B溶液,分别考察了H2O2投加量、溶液初始pH以及超声功率对罗丹明B降解效果的影响。结果表明,在H_2O_2的投加量为5.0 mmol/L、超声功率300 W、溶液初始pH为3.0的条件下,初始质量浓度为5 mg/L的罗丹明B溶液反应25 min,去除率为99.41%,比超声单独作用相比,增加了86.75个百分点。理论分析显示,超声-泡沫铜耦合体系通过羟基自由基氧化和泡沫铜还原协同降解罗丹明B。     

超声波强化Fenton试剂深度处理山梨酸废水的研究

采用超声强化Fenton(Fe2++H2O2)试剂,耦合氧化深度处理山梨酸废水。考察了超声功率、反应时间、反应温度、pH值、试剂投加量对CODCr去除率的影响。结果表明:在超声频率40kHz,超声功率400W,反应时间40min、反应温度60℃、pH值3.0、H2O2浓度0.22mol/L、Fe2+浓度0.04mol/L时,CODCr去除率达到95%以上。与单独使用Fenton试剂法相比,该方法反应时间短、反应温度低、试剂投加量小、CODCr去除率高。     

超声-芬顿法降解工业染料中间体废水

采用超声-芬顿催化氧化技术处理含高浓度2-甲基-4-氨基-5-甲氧基苯磺酸的工业染料中间体废水。通过设置单因素控制实验考察了超声功率、pH、温度、n(H_2O_2)/n(Fe~(2+))、H_2O_2投加量及投加方式、反应时间对水样中COD去除率的影响。结果表明在最佳反应条件为超声功率250 W,pH为3,T=80℃,n(H_2O_2)/n(Fe~(2+))=10.9:1时,逐滴滴加0.5 mol/L H_2O_2,超声协同反应40 min后,COD的去除率可达92.26%,出水色度从800倍降为1倍。此外,在基准条件下对超声-芬顿法处理染料中间体废水的动力学研究发现,反应初期废水的COD降解符合表观一级动力学反应。     

与强者同场竞技 靠创新促进发展——访青岛福润德塑料挤出技术有限公司总经理赵炳仁先生

一年一届的中国国际塑料橡胶工业展览会(国际橡塑展),是全球多个行业寻找橡塑工业世界性商贸伙伴的机遇,也是企业开拓中国以至亚洲市场商机之"金钥匙"。在25届国     

Hydrogels reinforced with nanoclays with improved response rate

Two series of semiinterpenetrating networks (SIPN) based on linear hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), physically crosslinked with inorganic clay, are presented. The hydrogels with different crosslinking densities were prepared by varying the content of clay from 1 to 6 wt % and contained linear interpenetrant, PVA in the range of 0.5–1.5 wt %. The effect of clay content on swelling/deswelling behavior and phase transition in PNIPA gels, as well as the feasibility of reinforcing the gels with high molecular weight PVA, were analyzed. The thermal response of hydrogels, followed by DSC, confirmed that the insertion of hydrophilic PVA did not have a significant effect on the onset of the volume phase transition temperature, while the response was faster. The equilibrium degree of swelling of SIPNs and PNIPA hydrogels was in the range of 9–79 and decreased with increasing content of clay. The internal morphology and surface wettability of the hydrogels were investigated by scanning electron microscope analysis and contact angle measurements, respectively. The network structural parameters of the PNIPA and SIPN nanocomposites hydrogels, such as the average molecular weight between crosslinks, M_c, and effective crosslinking density, N_e, were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44535.     

Electrodialysis with brine solutions oversaturated with calcium sulfate

Electrodialysis (ED) was applied to concentrate brine solutions of various concentrations — similar to effluentsfrom the desalination of brackish and industrial water — to about 20%. The consequent reduction in effluent volumes would facilitate a reduction in disposal costs. The energy requirement for concentrating solutions from 70 to 300 mN (0.4-1.8%) to 3.9 N (20%) was in the range 1.5-7.1 kWh/m³, in contrast to approximately 25 kWh/m³ by thermal evaporation. With the aim of preventing precipitation of CaSO4 on the membranes, laboratory-scale ED experiments were carried out on solutions of different compositions to determine the conditions that would lead to the precipitation of excess gypsum on gypsum seeds in a separate precipitator. The results were then applied in a pilot-scale ED unit in which the brine that circulated through the ED brine cells passed through a separate CaSO, precipitator containing gypsum seeds.     

Biological studies with cyclopropenoids inactivated with fatty acids

Cyclopropenoids inactivated by reactingSterculia foetida oil with cottonseed oil fatty acids were fed at three dietary levels to growing rats and laying hens for 4 weeks. At the termination of the experiments, all animals were autopsied and examined microscopically for pathological lesions, but no pathology that could be related to dietary treatment was observed. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume and plasma cholesterol were similar in animals fed all of the diets. Growth rate of rats and egg production of hens fed the experimental diets were similar to those of animals fed the control diet. After 3 and 6 months of storage, eggs from hens fed the inactivated cyclopropenoids were normal and showed no evidence of the unusual characteristics of cyclopropenoid feeding. Lipids of heart, liver and adipose tissues of all the rats and hens varied little from the normal fatty acid composition. Small amounts of three unidentified fatty acids were found in the adipose tissues of rats fed the higher levels of inactivated cyclopropenoids. The results of these feeding studies suggest that inactivation of cyclopropenoids with fatty acids eliminates the unusual biological effects attributable to cyclopropenoids. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, April 1970.     

高压电动机受潮现场处理的技术分析

山东铝业公司水泥厂（以下简称我厂）运行的大型高压电动机较多．有时由于长时间停运或者环境的潮湿，导致电动机的绝缘水平下降，致使电动机不能再次正常启动。因大型电动机是企业的关键设备，其运行好坏直接影响企业生产的正常与否，进而影响企业效益。     

以创新谋发展 以协作促转型

复合肥行业的转型升级已被列为化肥行业"十三五"规划重要内容。介绍我国复合肥行业转型发展期的特征,并提出在此形势下复合肥行业的发展思路;以创新谋发展,促进行业技术水平提高;以协作促转型,助推行业转型发展。     

以创新铸就名牌 以名牌促进发展

介绍厦门正新橡胶工业有限公司在观念、产品、管理和技术方面开展创新活动的经验。观念创新是名牌战略的灵魂,相互理解与支持、创建伙伴关系是公司对外往来的原则,坚决实施名牌战略,坚持以人为本、适才适用的原则;产品创新是占领市场的法宝,根据市场需求不断适时开发新产品;管理创新是维护品牌形象的前提,各项试验均执行企业内控标准,严把产品质量关;技术创新是实施名牌战略的源泉,以自有技术开发各种轮胎。通过开展创新活动,公司利税指标一直位居国内前列。     

Crosslinking of styrene-butadiene rubber with polyurethanes bicapped with benzyocyclobutene

Summary A polyurethane prepared from 1,9-nonanediol and toluene-2,4-diisocyanate with M_n=11,840, was capped on both ends in a reaction with 4-(benzocyclobutenyl) methanol. The polyurethane was used to crosslink styrene-butadiene rubber through Diels-Alder reactions on the benzocyclobutene functionality. The synthesis and characterization of 4-(benzocyclobutenyl) methanol, a molecule not reported previously, is presented. The crosslinking reaction was carried out on intimate mixtures of the telechelic polyurethane and SBR at elevated temperature and pressure. Various physical properties of the crosslinked material were studied.Work done at the Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA     

Boundary-Layer Structure with Hydrogen Combustion with Different Injection Intensities

Results of numerical simulation of the influence of intensity of hydrogen injection through a porous surface in the case of hydrogen burning in the boundary layer are presented. Turbulent characteristics of the flow were simulated using the k–epsiv; turbulence model with Chien's modification for low Reynolds numbers. The diffusion model (infinitely large burning rate) was used to describe the chemical reaction process, but the difference in diffusion coefficients of different substances was taken into account. A comparison of injection with and without combustion shows that the presence of a heat-release front delays the laminar–turbulent transition and significantly deforms the profiles of density and viscosity of the gas mixture. As the injection velocity increases, the flame front is shifted from the porous surface toward the outer edge of the boundary layer. The contributions of injection itself and combustion to reduction of skin friction are analyzed. Key wrds: boundary layer, combustion, porous injection, heat and mass transfer, friction.